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THE USE OF PARAMAGNETIC PARTICLES FOR RAPID
DIAGNOSTICS
Richard Luxton
B.E.N
20th April 2010
•Paramagnetic particles•Application in diagnostics
Properties
• Size - nm – microns• Distribution of size
and shape• Fabrication type• Paramagnetic
material– Magnetite– Ni30Fe70
– NdFeBLa
Manufacture
• Mechanical– Magnetite
• Chemical– Iron Oxides, nickel, cobalt,– Gadolinium
• Biological 20 nm 2 nm
Fe2O3
www.cffs.uky.edu/Energy/Pubs/PhysRevB v70n17p174428y2004.pdf
Magnetospirillum gryphyswaldense
Typically 30 - 120 nm Isolated domains areSuper-paramagnetic below 30 nm
BiologicalNano-particles
Bacteria – iron oxides
Magnetic proteins
Paramagnetic material
Domains within paramagnetic
material are randomly aligned
Iron oxide - magnetite
Paramagnetic material
Apply a magnetic field
Paramagnetic material
Domains align with an applied magnetic
field
Paramagnetic material
Domains lose orientation over time -
Remanence
Remove magnetic field
Paramagnetic Material,
Polymer Layer
Capture-molecules covalently bonded to the polymer layer.
Target Cells or Molecules
Paramagnetic Material,
Polymer Layer
Capture-molecules covalently bonded to the polymer layer.
Target Cells or Molecules
Paramagnetic Material,
Polymer Core
Target Cells or Molecules
EstaporeDynabeadNano particles 10 -15 nm
Magneto-immunoassay
• Antibody coated surface
Y Y Y Y Y Y
MIA
• Antibody coated surface
• Reaction vessel
Y Y Y Y Y Y
MIA
• Antibody coated surface
• Reaction vessel
• Antibody coated PMP’s
Y Y Y Y Y Y
YY Y
Y
YY Y
Y
YY Y
Y
YY Y
Y
MIA
• Antibody coated surface
• Reaction vessel
• Antibody coated PMP’s
• Cross-linking antigen
Y Y Y Y Y Y
YY Y
Y
YY Y
Y
YY Y
Y YY Y
Y
MIA
• Antibody coated surface
• Reaction vessel
• Antibody coated PMP’s
• Cross-linking antigen
• Resonant coil
Y Y Y Y Y Y
YY Y
Y
YY Y
Y
YY Y
Y YY Y
Y
MIA
• Antibody coated surface
• Reaction vessel
• Antibody coated PMP’s
• Cross-linking antigen
• Resonant coil
Y Y Y Y Y Y
YY Y
Y
YY Y
Y
YY Y
Y YY Y
Y
MIA
• Antibody coated surface
• Reaction vessel
• Antibody coated PMP’s
• Cross-linking antigen
• Resonant coil
• Magnetic field
Y Y Y Y Y Y
YY Y
Y
YY Y
Y
YY Y
Y YY Y
Y
MIA
Resonant Coil Magnetometer
Phase Detector
Voltage Controlled Oscillator
Loop Filter
R
C
L
Frequency Meter
DC error signal
Detection of PMPs
Applications
• CKMB, Troponin I, CRP, Myoglobin• Transferrin, PSA, IL6• Bacteria• Intracellular
protein• DNA
0
200
400
600
800
1000
0 10 20 30 40
CKMB ng/ml
De
lta f
req
ue
ncy
(H
z).
Conclusions
• Appropriate technology– Portable– Rapid– Low power consumption– Sample handling– Sensitive – appropriate concentration range– Low cost
http://www.biosensingtech.co.uk/
Thank you for your attention.
Are there any questions?
biology for sensors and sensors for biology