Practical Applications of Digital Media Networking - ProLight + Sound Frankfurt

Digital “Chit Chat”Digital “Chit Chat”

Umberto Zanghieri - ZP Engineering srl(The Smart Guy who is not here today and would be happy to debate these topics for two days)

RJ Kenny- Link USA (The Clever Guy who has actually used all of this stuff and is willing to talk about it for hours)

Bob Vanden Burgt - Link USA/Link Italy(The Not So Smart Guy doing the presentation who promises to be done in45 minutes)

People and ProductsPeople and Products connecting the world of entertainmentconnecting the world of entertainment

Klein Dytham Architecture - Tokyo 2003Klein Dytham Architecture - Tokyo 2003Grown to over 700 citiesGrown to over 700 cities

Who is this Who is this Link?Link?

It’s all about theIt’s all about the

PP’s…’s…

People and Products connecting the world of entertainment

MarcoMarco P Piromalliiromalli

PeoplePeople and and ProductsProducts connecting the world of connecting the world of entertainmententertainment

People and Products connecting the world of entertainment

Winter Olympic 2006 - Turin, ItalyWinter Olympic 2006 - Turin, Italy

PPASSION!!ASSION!!

PPaul Simon & Art aul Simon & Art Gurfunkel - Colosseum, Gurfunkel - Colosseum,

RomeRome

20° Anniversary 20° Anniversary Frankfurt 2007Frankfurt 2007

PParmigiano!armigiano!

PPAUL!AUL!

PPizzaizza & P & Pastaasta

Analog Audio DistributionAnalog Audio Distribution


Digital Audio Digital Audio DistributionDistribution


Video DistributionVideo Distribution

OEM SolutionsOEM Solutions

PProsecco!rosecco!


Practical Applications for Practical Applications for Digital Media Networking Digital Media Networking

History of Digital Audio Networking

AES, IEEE & Evolution of OSI Layers

The Current State of the Industry (fragmented at best)

Transport Protocol Wars

Remote Control & Monitoring

Connectivity Challenges & Practical Examples

Where are We Going from Here?


Analog or Digital?Analog or Digital?


Analog v. Digital CablingAnalog v. Digital Cabling


48-channel balanced analog multicore48-channel balanced analog multicore

Weight Weight approx. 1,3 kg/m; 97 kg for 100m + 25kg cable drum approx. 1,3 kg/m; 97 kg for 100m + 25kg cable drum

Cost Cost approx. 20 times the cost of a CAT5e ruggedized cable approx. 20 times the cost of a CAT5e ruggedized cable

Outer diameter Outer diameter 28 mm 28 mm

2 x CAT6 + 2 x AES (Eurocable)2 x CAT6 + 2 x AES (Eurocable)

Weight Weight approx. 0,38 kg/m approx. 0,38 kg/m

Outer diameter Outer diameter 18 mm 18 mm

vvss

Moving Audio Around Moving Audio Around DigitallyDigitally in in a Live Production Environmenta Live Production Environment

Quality (Fidelity)Speed & Priority (Latency - milliseconds/microseconds, QoS)Synchronization (Clocking)Distance (Coax, CAT6, MMF, SMF)Flexibility / Compatibility (Topologies / Sharing Hardware)CostReliability / RedundancyCompatibility / Standards AES, IEEE


What do we need to care What do we need to care about?about?

History of Digital History of Digital Networking Networking


Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) & Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) & SamplingSampling

In 1924 while working for AT&T In 1924 while working for AT&T Harry Nyquist studied this Harry Nyquist studied this sampling technique and sampling technique and developed the Nyquist developed the Nyquist Sampling Theorem. This Sampling Theorem. This theorem states that an analog theorem states that an analog signal can be uniquely signal can be uniquely reconstructed, without error, reconstructed, without error, from samples taken at equal from samples taken at equal time intervals if the sampling time intervals if the sampling rate is equal to, or greater than, rate is equal to, or greater than, twice the highest frequency twice the highest frequency component in the analog signal.component in the analog signal.

Sampling Rate = 2(BW) = 2(3300 Sampling Rate = 2(BW) = 2(3300 Hz) = 6600 Samples per SecondHz) = 6600 Samples per Second



Public Switched Telephone Network Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)(PSTN)

CoCoder-der-DecDecoder (CODEC) or ADC / DACoder (CODEC) or ADC / DAC



Linear PCM (Reference – CD is 16 bit resolution, 44.1kHz)Linear PCM (Reference – CD is 16 bit resolution, 44.1kHz)



Linear PCM (Reference – CD is 16 bit resolution, 44.1kHz)Linear PCM (Reference – CD is 16 bit resolution, 44.1kHz)



Linear PCM – The Big PictureLinear PCM – The Big Picture


Audio Engineering Society (AES) Audio Engineering Society (AES) Standards - 1948 Standards - 1948


• 1985 AES3 – AES/EBU1985 AES3 – AES/EBU(RS422 Derived)(RS422 Derived)2 Channels @ 192kHz2 Channels @ 192kHz

• 1991 AES10 – MADI1991 AES10 – MADI (FDDI – Fibre Disrtib Data Interface)(FDDI – Fibre Disrtib Data Interface)

56 > 64 Channels @ 96kHz56 > 64 Channels @ 96kHz

• 2005 AES50>SuperMAC/ HyperMAC 2005 AES50>SuperMAC/ HyperMAC (Midas-KT)(Midas-KT)24 Ch @ 96kHz/192 Ch @ 96kHz24 Ch @ 96kHz/192 Ch @ 96kHz

• 2013 AES67 Published – Interoperability 2013 AES67 Published – Interoperability between Layer 3 Audio over IPbetween Layer 3 Audio over IP



Recording in the 1990Recording in the 1990’’ss•Digital Audio WorkstationsDigital Audio Workstations

•Token Ring Networks for Token Ring Networks for moving audio data (not real moving audio data (not real time) time)

•Evolution of the DSP > Why Evolution of the DSP > Why shouldnshouldn’’t the transport be t the transport be digital?digital?


AIEE+ IRE Combined = Institute of AIEE+ IRE Combined = Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers- Electrical and Electronics Engineers-

1963 1963


Important milestones in the introduction of Ethernet Transport (IEEE 802.3)•1980Ethernet first introduced•1985IEEE 802.3•199010 Mbps (10baseT) First implementation of AoE with CobraNet•1995100 Mbps (100baseTX)•19991000 Mbps (1000base TX)•2004IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Study group established for A/V Streaming•2005A/V streaming work moved to the 802.1-working group •2009AVnu Alliance launched

Audio-over-EthernetAudio-over-Ethernet


Linear PCM – The Big PictureLinear PCM – The Big Picture

EthernEthernetet

EthernEthernetet



64-channel balanced analog multicore (data from Eurocable)64-channel balanced analog multicore (data from Eurocable)

Weight Weight around 1,3 kg/m around 1,3 kg/m

Cost Cost around20 times the cost of a ruggedized CAT5e cable around20 times the cost of a ruggedized CAT5e cable

reroutingrerouting and and splittingsplitting are now possible - Splits are Free! are now possible - Splits are Free!(without manual changes to connections, without manual patch bays)(without manual changes to connections, without manual patch bays)

cables are less expensvie and less bulkycables are less expensvie and less bulky

redundancyredundancy at reasonable costs at reasonable costs

control data and audio transport can be combined on a single connectioncontrol data and audio transport can be combined on a single connection

Larger maximum distanceLarger maximum distance

(60-70 m with analog cables, ~ 100 m AoE on copper , ~2km AoE on fibre)(60-70 m with analog cables, ~ 100 m AoE on copper , ~2km AoE on fibre)

(AoE) – why?(AoE) – why?


11

22

33

44

55

66

77 APPLICATIONAPPLICATION

PRESENTATIONPRESENTATION

SESSIONSESSION

TRANSPORTTRANSPORT

NETWORKNETWORK

DATA LINKDATA LINK

PHYSICALPHYSICAL Media, Signals, Media, Signals, Binary TransmissionBinary Transmission

Physical AddressingPhysical Addressing

Routing of data andRouting of data andLogical addressingLogical addressing

End-to-end connectionEnd-to-end connectionAnd reliabilityAnd reliability

Comms setup Comms setup Between devicesBetween devices

Data representationData representationAnd encryptionAnd encryption

Network to applicationNetwork to application

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ISO/OSI protocol layersISO/OSI protocol layers

Ethernet – Evolution of Ethernet – Evolution of OSIOSI

Layer 1 Protocols - A-Net, REAC, Rocknet, AES50

Layer 2 Protocols - EtherSound, CobraNet

Layer 3/4 Protocols - Dante, Livewire, Q-Lan / Q-Sys, RAVENNA

Emerging Standards - AVB




Cobranet - 1996Cobranet - 1996

• designed on 10 Mbps networks in the 90s, compatible with modern networksdesigned on 10 Mbps networks in the 90s, compatible with modern networks• sync propogation (audio clock) with beat packetssync propogation (audio clock) with beat packets• over 1 million nodes installed worldwideover 1 million nodes installed worldwide• designed in USA by Peak Audiodesigned in USA by Peak Audio• available as an OEM moduleavailable as an OEM module• the technology has been acquired by a silicon foundrythe technology has been acquired by a silicon foundry• now available on a single chipnow available on a single chip• switch-compatible protocolswitch-compatible protocol• non-audio data traffic can interferenon-audio data traffic can interfere• latency = 1.33-5 ms, allows routing of low-channel count clusters (bundles)latency = 1.33-5 ms, allows routing of low-channel count clusters (bundles)



Ethersound - 2001Ethersound - 2001

• designed for 100 Mbps networksdesigned for 100 Mbps networks• uses all the available bandwidth, to transfer the maximum number of channelsuses all the available bandwidth, to transfer the maximum number of channels• designed for maximum reliability and minimum latency (125 us)designed for maximum reliability and minimum latency (125 us)• designed in France by Digigramdesigned in France by Digigram• available and an OEM module and under licenseavailable and an OEM module and under license• compatiile with some switches (verified by the technology provider)compatiile with some switches (verified by the technology provider)• does not allow simultaneous non/audio data trafficdoes not allow simultaneous non/audio data traffic



AES50, HyperMAC - 2005AES50, HyperMAC - 2005

• designed by Sony Oxford labsdesigned by Sony Oxford labs• adopted by Midas / Klark Teknikadopted by Midas / Klark Teknik• now promoted by Midas/KlarkTeknik now promoted by Midas/KlarkTeknik • AES50: audio and clock transmission over cat5 and 100BaseTAES50: audio and clock transmission over cat5 and 100BaseT• 48x48 ch @ 48 kHz48x48 ch @ 48 kHz• 24x24 ch @ 96 kHz24x24 ch @ 96 kHz• HyperMAC: 256x256 ch on 1000BaseT HyperMAC: 256x256 ch on 1000BaseT



Dante - 2006Dante - 2006

• designed for 1 Gbps networks, external branches can go at 10 Mbpsdesigned for 1 Gbps networks, external branches can go at 10 Mbps• clock recovery is based on packet timestamping (IEEE-1588) clock recovery is based on packet timestamping (IEEE-1588) • compatible with non-audio traffic (switches need management configuration) compatible with non-audio traffic (switches need management configuration) • designed in Australia by Audinatedesigned in Australia by Audinate• available as an OEM module available as an OEM module • native driver on host native driver on host • high-performance PCI-Express card available (128x128 ch at 96 kHz)high-performance PCI-Express card available (128x128 ch at 96 kHz)


Host audio driver Host audio driver (Mac, Win)(Mac, Win)

ASIO / CoreAudioASIO / CoreAudio

You need at least one hw You need at least one hw device in the networkdevice in the network

Latency = 4, 6 or 10 ms Latency = 4, 6 or 10 ms 24-bit audio24-bit audio

Ethernet port

48 kHz

24-bit

96 kHz

24-bit

100 Mbit 32x32 16x16

1 Gigabit 64x64 32x32

Max channel countMax channel count





Audio Video Bridging (AVB) - 2004 Audio Video Bridging (AVB) - 2004

• IEEE assigned a group to study audio streaming over EthernetIEEE assigned a group to study audio streaming over Ethernet•2005 reassigned to 802.1 Task Group2005 reassigned to 802.1 Task Group•Synchronization (Clocking)Synchronization (Clocking)•Trafic ShapingTrafic Shaping•Quality of Service (QOS) Quality of Service (QOS) •Flag non-participating devicesFlag non-participating devices•Hardware RequiredHardware Required•““Guarantee instead of a Promise”Guarantee instead of a Promise”

AudVidBridge & AudVidBridge & DanteDante



The Digital ChallengeThe Digital ChallengeHow many more RJ45 How many more RJ45

Jacks?Jacks?


The Digital ChallengeThe Digital Challenge


Digital Networking Digital Networking TodayToday

The Current State of the Industry

Transport Protocol Wars, It’s a Mess with HOPE!

Many are Proprietary

Lack of easy digital interoperability

Require multiple cabling topologies and disparate signal types

Non Standard or Specialized Equipment

Remote Control & Monitoring for is a Completely Separate Issue (Open Control Alliance - OCA)



Some Some ““Real WorldReal World”” Experience Experience

AES/EBU Drive + Canbus D&B

PM1D, Link Yamaha system

Midas Pro6 AES50 & HyperMAC

Avid Venue with 6x75 Cable

PM5D, Dante, Dglink,

M7CL ES, EtherSound / Dante DGLink, LabGruppen

Digico SD7, SD Rack, 6 x75 Cable

Video solutions


CS1D/DSP1DCS1D/DSP1D


50 Ohm Coax 50 Ohm Coax ControlControl

75 Ohm Coax Word 75 Ohm Coax Word ClockClock

8 – AES-EBU8 – AES-EBU

34 Pair 26 AWG SCSI34 Pair 26 AWG SCSI

AES Drive & RemoteAES Drive & Remote


6 / 12 / 24 AES-EBU6 / 12 / 24 AES-EBU

2 CAT62 CAT6

LKA 54 or 85 Pin LKA 54 or 85 Pin ConnectorConnector

MADI with MulticoreMADI with Multicore


M7CL Hybrid M7CL Hybrid ES/DanteES/Dante


AES50 & HyperMACAES50 & HyperMAC


AES50 & HyperMACAES50 & HyperMAC


Nobel Peace Prize 2008, Oslo Nobel Peace Prize 2008, Oslo


PRIPRI

SECSEC

Redundant Dante with LabGruppen PLM Redundant Dante with LabGruppen PLM Series AmplifiersSeries Amplifiers

What to ExpectWhat to ExpectHold on for the RideHold on for the Ride

• Open Control Alliance (OCA) “the other piece of the puzzle”

• Dante is a viable Solution Available Today and will be Future Compatible with AVB

• AVB / AVnu Alliance will gain traction but may not be as “Open” as reported

• Link will Continue to Track & Support Multiple Options

• What about Video?




Linear Video Linear Video RequirementsRequirements


3G-SDI3G-SDI

HD-SDIHD-SDI

raw raw 720p720p

SD-SD

I

SD-SD

I

CCIR

-601

CCIR

-601(PAL)

(PAL)

CCIR

-601

CCIR

-601MADIMADI

64 ch 64 ch @48 kHz@48 kHz

Stop! – Eat some Stop! – Eat some PPizzaizza

Bringing it all Bringing it all TogetherTogether


There must be a better There must be a better way…way…


Yesterday, we ran discrete cables and Yesterday, we ran discrete cables and networks networks



Fine Italian Grappa Stimulates Fine Italian Grappa Stimulates Creativity Creativity



Fine Italian Cheese Stimulates Fine Italian Cheese Stimulates Creativity Creativity



Today, we travel at the speed Today, we travel at the speed of light of light



““The convenient thing The convenient thing about light is that it is about light is that it is

really fast and travels a really fast and travels a long way…We've got to long way…We've got to risk implosion. We may risk implosion. We may explode into the biggest explode into the biggest fireball this part of the fireball this part of the

galaxy has seen, but we've galaxy has seen, but we've got to take that one in a got to take that one in a

million chance. ~ Captain million chance. ~ Captain James T. KirkJames T. Kirk

Optical MultiplexingOptical MultiplexingWhat is WDM?What is WDM?


WDM is leveraged in fiber optics to increase the WDM is leveraged in fiber optics to increase the capacity of a single fibercapacity of a single fiber

Optical MultiplexingOptical MultiplexingIngress vs. Egress = MuxIngress vs. Egress = Mux


Optical MultiplexingOptical Multiplexing


8 Tx/Rx Pairs leverage 16 discrete 8 Tx/Rx Pairs leverage 16 discrete wavelengthswavelengths



Wavelength Separation = Separate Physical Wavelength Separation = Separate Physical Networks Networks



WDM was first published in 1978 and WDM was first published in 1978 and leveraged in telephony since the early 80leveraged in telephony since the early 80’’ss

Optical Mux RedundancyOptical Mux Redundancy


We can cost effectively apply it to Live We can cost effectively apply it to Live Entertainment Entertainment

Introducing the Introducing the ““MixedMixed”” Environment - Field Environment - Field SideSide


Introducing the Introducing the ““MixedMixed”” Environment - Truck Environment - Truck SideSide




Bringing it All Together with Bringing it All Together with DGlinkDGlink

• 4 Discrete Gigabit Physical 4 Discrete Gigabit Physical NetworksNetworks

• Redundant Power SuppliesRedundant Power Supplies• Redundant Optical RingRedundant Optical Ring






Audio Audio PlaybacPlaybac

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LightinLightingg

ControControl l

LightinLightingg

ControControl l

6 circuits6 circuits20 Amps20 Amps6 circuits6 circuits20 Amps20 Amps

Video over Video over Ethernet of SDIEthernet of SDI

Video over Video over Ethernet of SDIEthernet of SDI




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LightinLightingg

ControControl l

LightinLightingg

ControControl l

RedundantRedundantFiber RingFiber RingRedundantRedundantFiber RingFiber Ring

ACN/ACN/DMXDMXACN/ACN/DMXDMX

RedundantRedundantDante AudioDante AudioRedundantRedundant

Dante AudioDante Audio

6 circuits6 circuits20 Amps20 Amps6 circuits6 circuits20 Amps20 Amps

4 Discrete4 DiscreteGigabit NetworksGigabit Networks

4 Discrete4 DiscreteGigabit NetworksGigabit Networks

The Final The Final PP… Party… Party


Visit us for more Visit us for more information…information…


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Practical Applications of Digital Media Networking - ProLight + Sound Frankfurt