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1

LiDAR Aiding Decision-Making Process September 16th, 2009GIS in The Rockies

Presented by: Jamie Young General Manager – LiDAR services

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LiDAR DecisionsNational Research Council of the National Academies

• “LiDAR produces very-high-resolution three-dimensional point clouds in a wide variety of land cover types at accuracies equivalent to or better than photogrammetry…”

• “LiDAR can be acquired day or night, in cloudy conditions, leaf on or leaf off and no sun angle limitation…”

• “LiDAR is able to penetrate to the bare earth in vegetated area better than either IFSAR or photogrammetry…”

• “LiDAR data processing and feature extraction can be incorporated seamlessly into the production environment designed for photogrammetry…”

Hydro-electric dam, Puerto Rico

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LiDAR Accuracy StandardsWhat should you know?

• Horizontal: the positional accuracy of a dataset with respect to a horizontal reference.

• Vertical: the vertical accuracy of a dataset with respect to a horizontal reference.

• Positional: the position of features, including horizontal and/or vertical position.

• Relative: value in feet or meters that reports the uncertainty in vertical or horizontal position due to random errors in measurements in a location relative to any other point.

• Absolute: value in feet or meters that reports uncertainty in vertical or horizontal positions due to systematic & random errors in measurements of the location of any point on a geospatial dataset relative to the defined vertical or horizontal datum at a state confidence level. a location relative to any other point.

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Application vs. Accuracy and Point Density

Vs.

Vs.

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LiDAR Uses

• Flood plain Mapping – Hydrologic Modifications– Update FIRM to DFIRM from LiDAR– Flow Analysis– Impervious surface analysis– Storm water analysis

• Transportation Infrastructure• Dam Management

– Dam Breach Analysis

• Soils Mapping • Emergency management• Construction Design• Line of Sight

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LiDAR Uses

• Forestry, Biomass, &Vegetation Management• HCA and facility Management• 3-D modeling

– Building extract

– Change detection

– Updating assessor database

– Building Foot Prints

– Other man-made extraction

• Security Management• Volumetric studies• Utility mapping• Reclamation projects

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LiDAR of Bridge at 0.3 meter collection

LiDAR of Mile High Stadium

LiDAR ApplicationsSecurity Management

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LiDAR Uses

• Breakline generation• Contour generation• Terrain model generation

– DEM, DTM, DSM

• Tree Canopy Analysis• Land Development• Erosion Studies• Geologic studies• Aviation safety• High Level Land Cover• Ortho DEM

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Contour Representation Filtered vs. Enhanced

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Contour and Orthorectification Generation Filtered Bare Earth LiDAR & LiDAR DEM

Bare earth surface model Contours draped on surface Contours

Photography draped over LiDAR data

Contours draped over orthophotography

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LiDAR Processing LiDARgrammetry

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Hydro Breakline Collection Process (LiDARgrammetry)

– LIDAR Bald Earth DTM Supplemented with Breaklines

– Stereoscopic measurement

– 3D breaklines• Support FDEM

• Water Body

• Linear Hydrographic

• Coastal Shorelines

• Road (EOP)

• Overpasses and Bridges

• Soft Features

• Islands

• Obscured Areas (vegetation)

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LiDARgrammetryContour Interpolation (1.0’)

– LIDAR Bald Earth GRID with Breaklines

• NMAS• Correctly depict the terrain• Smoothing• Contiguous

– Topology • Validated within the geodatabase• edge-match at the correct z-

elevation to neighboring counties• Proper Coding• Non-intersecting• Dangles

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Imagery with LiDARDSS 39 MP RGB

39 Mega- pixel RGBImage

Registered to LIDAR

Collected at same Time as LiDAR

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Imagery with LiDARDSS 39 MP IR

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BuildingsAutomated Polygons

•Automated generationOf building wire frame

•Automated generationOf building Polygons

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Extraction of Buildings and Man-Made Features

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LiDAR Application TrendsChange Detection

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GeomorphologyRed relief improves what you can see

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LiDAR DeliverablesHow should you receive your data?

• LiDAR formats –    LAS–    Ascii - can include x,y,z and any other LAS attributes–    ESRI Shapefile

• Raster DEM formats ("regular" spacing/gridded)–    Tiff–    Arc Binary GRID (a.k.a. ArcInfo Lattice)–    Arc Ascii GRID–    ERDAS img

• Imagery–    Intensity images (any raster format)–    Variety of types of rendering - hillshade, slope, aspect, etc.

• Contours–    GIS formats (e.g. ESRI Shapefile, ESRI Personal Geodatabase)–    CAD formats (e.g. DXF, DGN, DWG)

• Breakline/planimetric data     – GIS formats (e.g. ESRI Shapefile, ESRI Personal Geodatabase)–    CAD formats (e.g. DXF, DGN, DWG)

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LiDAR Server

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LiDAR Server

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LiDAR Server and Google

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• Provides on-the-fly rendering capabilities directly from LAS point cloud.– TIN surfaces

– Contours

– Profile

Eliminates the need to create, store, and manage derivates.

• LAS file delivery to desktop• Easily customizable through XML and client side applications

LiDAR Server

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LiDAR BLOGSubmit any question about LiDAR

http://LidarBlog.wordpress.com

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Thank You! and Questions

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