V.Muralidharan

Associate Director, Head Control and Instrumentation Group

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Thiruvananthapuram

(Society under Department of Information Technology,

Ministry of Communications and Information Technology)

Showcasing indigenous ITS solutions

and next generation Traffic Control Systems

• Introduction

• ITS products developed

• ATCS implementation in Pune

• Wireless Traffic Control System (WTCS)

• Intelligent Parking Lot Management System

(IPLMS)

• Red Light Violation Detection System (RLVDS)

C-DAC, Pune

C-DAC, Bangalore

C-DAC, Delhi

C-DAC, Hyderabad

C-DAC, Mumbai

C-DAC, Chennai

C-DAC, Kolkata

C-DAC, Mohali

C-DAC, Noida

C-DAC, Trivandrum

National Coverage

3000 employees

HQ

• Variable Messaging System (VMS)

• Vehicle Tracking System (VTS)

• Distress Call Response Management System (DCRMS)

• Vehicle Actuated Traffic Signal Controllers (UTCS)

• Area Traffic Control System (ATCS)

• Wireless Traffic Control System (WTCS)

• Intelligent Parking Lot Management System (IPLMS)

• Red Light Violation Detection System (RLVDS)

• Smart Tracking and Distress Alert System for

Automobiles

ITS products

Distress Call Response

Management System

Vehicle Tracking System

Variable Messaging System

• Implementation of Area Traffic Control Systems

(ATCS) for heterogeneous and undisciplined traffic

• Benefits of Wireless Traffic Control Systems

(WTCS)

• Advantages of multilevel Intelligent Parking Lot

Management Systems (IPLMS)

• Red Light Violation Detection System (RLVDS)

challenges

Area Traffic Control System

• Area traffic control systems are traffic responsive systems

that use data from vehicle detectors and optimize traffic

signal settings to reduce vehicle delays and stops

• The system operates in a closed loop, evaluating the

real time demand and properly updating network signal

timings

Benefits of ATCS

• Real-time control over traffic fluctuations

• Better management of signal timings

• Reduced stops and delay

• Savings in fuel and reduced pollution

• Data collection for planning and MIS

• Higher availability

• Reduced accident rate

Popular operational models – SCOOT – Split Cycle and Offset Optimization Technique

– SCATS – Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System

– OPAC – Optimization Policies for Adaptive Control

– RHODES – Real-Time Hierarchical Optimized Distributed and Effective System

Other systems – ACS-Lite (Adaptive Control Software Lite)

– SPOT / UTOPIA (Urban Traffic Optimization by Integrated Automation)

– MOTION (Method for the Optimization of Traffic Signals in On-line controlled Networks)

– ITACA (Intelligent Adaptive Control Area)

– RTACL (Real-time Traffic Adaptive Control Logic)

– CoSiCoSt (Composite Signal Control Strategy)

Challenges are different

Operational Models

(SCOOT , ITACA, ..)

Traffic characteristics in

Developing Countries

Problem

Assume limited

heterogeneity and lane

following

High heterogeneity and

limited lane discipline

Results in wrong vehicle

counts and volume

estimation

Assume no lane change

within the detection zone

Lane change happens

within and after detection

zone

Detectors fail to report

turning proportions

Use Upstream detection

Vehicle Actuation needs

stop-line detection

Cannot be on VA Platform

CoSiCoSt has special filters for addressing High Heterogeneity and poor lane

discipline. It is built on VA Platform offering high scalability

Challenges in implementing ATCS on

Indian roads

• Traffic is not lane following

• A vehicle entering the approach on a lane need not maintain the same at the intersection

• High mix of traffic

• Uncontrolled side roads and on-street parking

• Obtaining a correct measure of traffic count is highly complex

• Data loss due to power failure

• Network failure

Traffic in developed countries Traffic in developing countries

Heterogeneous Traffic and Limited lane discipline

Cannot apply classical method of signal time computation

because of the complexities in deriving PCUs in real-time

Requires special filters to address the situation

ATCS Software

• Composite Signal Control Strategy

(CoSiCoSt)

– Developed by CDAC, DIT, Govt. of India

– Address High Heterogeneity and Poor

Lane discipline

– Operates on VA Platform

– Use Stop-line detection

– Subtract Method for Online Signal

Synchronization

– Strategies to guard against network

failure, power failure etc.

– Indian Patent #239258

Major building blocks of ATCS

Traffic Signal Controller

Vehicle Detectors

Application Software

Central Control Station

Communication Network

Vehicle

Detection

camera

Inductive Loop based vehicle detection

Physical

Loop

Camera based vehicle detection

Virtual

Loop

ArTIC #1 ArTIC #2 ArTIC #3 ArTIC #38

Camera Camera

CCR

Detector Detector Detector Detector

GSM

NETWORK

SCMS

Variable Message Sign

Leased line Network

(Data, Control & Video)

38 junctions in Pune city. Indigenously CoSiCoSt Technology for mixed Indian traffic condition.

Area Traffic Control System for Pune City

CDAC ATCS

Composite Signal Control Strategy

Online Split Optimizer

Route selection &

Offset

Optimizer

Area

Optimizer

Translation Plan

Current CoSiCoSt Timings

Performance Index (PI) /

Offset

Stage Timing,

Saturation, Speed info

Split Time

Modifier

Weights & Bias

Preferences

Observations

Detector

Average Detector

Occupancy

New Timings &

Preferences

Traffic Junction

Central Control

FIGURE 15 Proposed Distributed System

22

Figure 16 Proposed System Architecture FIGURE 16 Proposed ATC System Architecture CoSiCoSt Architecture

22

CoSiCoSt Implementations in India

• Pune, Maharashtra 68 Junctions

• Jaipur, Rajasthan 14 Junctions

• Ahmedabad, Gujarat 93 Junctions

• Kolkata, West Bengal 95 Junctions

• Reduction in average delay in the range of 11% to 30%

• Average travel speed increase in the range of 2% to 12%

• Estimated annual fuel savings in the year 2006 is about Rs. 4.77 Crores

• Estimated annual time saving benefits in the year 2006 about Rs. 0.83 Crores

• Total annual saving in the year 2006 is about Rs. 5.60 Crores

Over all Increase in the Traffic Volume is 9.06%

Pune Pilot implementation (38 Junctions in 6 major corridors)

Result of Impact Analysis conducted by M/s CES India P Ltd, Mumbai, INDIA

Pune Central Control Room

PUNE CENTRAL CONTROL ROOM

Kolkata Traffic Command Centre

Ahmedabad ATCS CCR

Jaipur Central Control Room

Jaipur ATCS CCR

Objectives

• Wireless technology for traffic signal control

– No digging of roads

– Easy installation

– Minimum disturbance to road users

• Power Saving

– Solar power

– Power efficient LED signal aspects

– Brightness control for signal lamps

• Miniaturization

– Pole mounting

– Distributed control architecture

Wireless Traffic Control System

WTCS Master Controller at CDAC-Keltron Junction

Trivandrum

In operation from October 2011

Hume Pipe

Armoured Cable

Controller

Conventional Controller installation

WiTrac installation

WiTrac Master

WiTrac Slave

• Use single Master Controller and Multiple Slave Controllers

• Typically every island has a slave controller

• Every island has Solar Panel

Master

Slave #1 Slave #2

Slave #3

Solar Panel

2.4GHz / 868MHz

RF Tranciever

Salient Features

• Vehicle Actuated

– Inductive loop detector and above ground detector

compatible

• ATCS Compatible

– Compatible to CDAC Composite Signal Control

Strategy, CoSiCoSt

• Developed and tuned to Indian traffic condition of

high heterogeneity and poor lane discipline

• Indian Patent 239258

• GPS Enabled

Modes of Operation

• Pre-timed

• Full Vehicle Actuated – With or without stage skipping

• Semi-Actuated – With or without stage skippling

• ATCS

• Combination of the above modes in any order

• Hurry Call

• Manual

• Forced Flash

Other Features

• Cable-less Synchronization

– Pre-timed

– Vehicle Actuated

• Remote Administration

– Hurry Call

– Forced Flash

– Junction Off

– Plan Download

• Wireless Police Panel

Power Saving

• 12V DC Operation

• PWM Based Intensity Control

– More than 50% Power saving during night

• Selective Switching of Flashing lamps

– Primary

– Secondary

– Tertiary

– Combination of the above

Safety Features

• Self diagnosis on Power up and runtime

• Green-Green Conflict Monitoring

• Lamp failure / Short circuit Monitoring

• Battery Voltage Monitoring (Solar Power)

• Fallback on secondary frequency in case of wireless signal jam

• Automatic selection of Flashing program on error conditions

• Error logs sent to traffic monitoring centre, if networked

Cost Saving Factors

35% to 40% Cost saving at a typical 4-arm junction

• Road cutting and refilling

• Micro-tunneling where road cutting not possible

• Savings on armored cable and laying

• Plinth for traffic signal controller

• Optimum solar panel and battery

• Disturbance cost

• Maintenance cost due to cable damage / battery etc.

– Delay, Disturbance & Cost

Intelligent Parking Lot Management

Objectives

• Identify parking availability in parking areas

• Indicate in local display

• Indicate in remote location through VMS

• Parking guidance systems at each level

• Vacant parking of each bay by green light

• Toll collection based on usage of time

• Information on the internet

• Reserve using SMS / internet

Challenges

• Limited parking space

• Increased vehicle population

• Lack of information

Public unawareness

Utilization of existing parking space

Parking space availability

Operating hours and tariff

• Parking space availability not guaranteed

• Lack of proper signage & information display

At entry & way to parking area

IPLMS - Main Features

Pre-Trip parking information Location & maps of all parking lots

Identify the best and nearest parking

Parking lot Capacity

Hours of operation

Tariff structure for different time of day

Advance booking facility

01-03-2012

Driver Information System

Display boards

At important locations in city

Outside the parking lot

Entry gate

Way to parking area

Entry of a each level

Driver guidance & Parking navigation systems

Sign boards

LED Indications

Features (contd…)

Online Operator information

Vehicle occupancy status in each bay

Total count of vehicles inside the parking complex

Total vehicle count parked

Level-wise vehicle count

Real time commuter information

Parking Lot capacity vs occupancy

Advance booking

Features (contd…)

Occupancy reports

Real time

Hourly / daily

vehicle based

Theft / noted vehicles

Revenue generation

Daily/monthly

Different time of day

MIS Reports and Analysis

Impact Analysis reports

Parking Load

Parking efficiency

Average occupancy

Statistics of peak / low parking

Revenue

Building Blocks

• Entry Gate system

• Parking Area system

• Exit Gate system

• Driver information systems

• Parking Navigation and Driver Guidance system

• Communication infrastructure

• Control room with APP & DB servers

• Application Software

Entry Gate Controller

Vehicle license plate image

Driver’s photo

Boom Barrier

Barcode

Printer

Vehicle detector

Display boards

System Architecture

Exit Gate Controller

Barcode scanner

Vehicle license plate focused

Receipt printer

Boom Barrier

Vehicle detector

IPLMS Server with

IPLMS & VMS

APPLICATIONS

Internet

At important

locations in

the city

VMS 1

VMS 2

VMS n

LEVEL1

LEVEL2

LEVEL n

GPRS Network

BAY INDICATOR LAMP

Bay Sensor

HARIBHAU CAR PARKING

Location :Narayan Pett

Capacity :192 Cars

Levels :6 (including roof top)

Red Light Violation Detection System

Objectives

Detect and store red light jumping vehicle

Snap shot and video Record video of the vehicle

Stored at remote station for enforcement measures

Automatic number plate recognition

Extract the character

Interface with RTO database

Reduction in accidents by enforcement

Factors contributing to crashes caused

by Red Light jumping

• Driver behavior

• Intersection design and operation – Grade

– Poor Visibility

– Roadside Obstructions

– Line of Sight

– Traffic Volumes

– Signal Timing (Fixed time traffic controller)

• Vehicle characteristics

• Weather

Counter measures

• Engineering improvements

• Enhanced driver and public education

• Vehicle actuated traffic signal controllers

• Increased enforcement

– Traditional Enforcement

• Evidence by witness of the Officer

• Driver of the offending vehicle is booked

– Red Light Camera Systems

• Documental evidence

• Registered owner of the offending vehicle is booked

Educating Drivers !!

RLVDS Configuration

Sensor Loops

RLVD

Controller

Still

Camera

Video

Camera Illuminator

To Remote Computer for

processing

Vehicle

Detection

Camera

RLVD Server with ALPR and

Ticketing software

Typical Evidence Expected

Challenges

Night time identification

During rainy conditions

Different type of fonts

Different sizes

Regional language number plates

Untidy number plates

Poor lighting, heterogeneous traffic,

multiple violations, poor lane discipline

Exotic Number Plates

Solution

HSRP (High Security Registration Plate)

Chromium based hologram with chakra image left side top

Self Destructive sticker with engine no, chassis no and hologram

Unique serial no. etched with laser

Inscribe IND in blue colour extreme left centre

Non Removable / Non Reusable Snap Lock

On going collaborative projects

With IIT Bombay

• Counting and classification

• Second generation CoSiCoSt

• Intelligent transit trip planner and real time

route information

With IIT Madras

• Advanced Traveler Information

Control and

Instrumentation Group 61

Visit www.intranse.in

for further details

Thank You