IT Introduction - 06. Graphic & Multimedia

Software:Graphic, Media, MultimediaArry Akhmad ArmanSchool of Electrical Engineering and InformaticsInstitut Teknologi Bandung, IndonesiaEmail: arman@kupalima comEmail: [email protected]: http://www.kupalima.comBlog: http://kupalima.wordpress.com

Arry Akhmad Arman | School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics ITB | 2008

This course material can be downloaded at http://slideshare.net/kupalima

Invention of WWW (World Wide Web)( )

• The World Wide Web (commonly shortened to the Web) is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a Web b b hbrowser, a user views Web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia and navigates between them using hyperlinksbetween them using hyperlinks. • The World Wide Web was created in 1989 b B i i h i i Si Ti1989 by British scientist Sir Tim Berners‐Lee, working at the European Organization for Nuclear Research(CERN) in Geneva Switzerland andTim Berners-Lee

weaves the Web for


(CERN) in Geneva, Switzerland, and released in 1992. Everybody

Web Browser Creator

• Microsoft Internet Explorer: 73.81%Microsoft Internet Explorer: 73.81%• Firefox: 18.43%• Safari: 6 14% • Safari: 6.14% • Opera: 0.71%• Netscape: 0 62%• Netscape: 0.62%• Mozilla: 0.11%Other 0 18%• Other: 0.18%


Microsoft Internet Explorerp

URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

htt // itb id/STEI/i d ht lhttp://www.itb.ac.id/STEI/index.htmlhttp = protocol namewww.itb.ac.id = server name/STEI/index.html = file location


Focus on Computer Graphic (Image)p p ( g )

• Image representationImage representation• How big you need memory to store image?• Image Compression• Image Compression• Types of Image Compression• Image file format• Image file format• Image Processing ApplicationArry Akhmad Arman | School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics ITB | 2008

Focus on Computer Graphic (Image)

Image RepresentationImage Representation

pixel

Arry Akhmad Arman | School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics ITB | 2008 6

pixel


Image RepresentationImage Representation

• Total number of Pixel• Total number of pixels is (H x V)• Every pixel H (horizontal number of pixel)represented by – 1 bit (black and white)– 1 byte (greyscale)1 byte (greyscale)– 1 byte (256 color)– 2 byte (64K color)3 b t (16M l )– 3 byte (16M color)– more …Arry Akhmad Arman | School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics ITB | 2008 7

Greyscale Image (1 byte per pixel)y g ( y p p )

• Image 500 x 400 pixel• Image 500 x 400 pixel• Total number of pixel is 200.000 pixelE h i l t d b 1 b t• Each pixel represented by 1 byte• Total image capacity 200.000 x 3 byte = 200.000 byte

Pixel-1Pixel-2 Pixel-n= 1 byte


Color Image (true color, 3 byte per pixel)

• Image 500 x 400 pixel• Total number of pixel is 200.000 pixelpixel• Each pixel represented by 3 byte• Total image capacity 200.000 x 3 byte = 600 000 bytebyte = 600.000 byte

Pixel-1 Pixel-2 Pixel-n= 1 byte


Color vs Greyscale vs BWy

Black and White

Color

Greyscale


Black and White (1 bit per pixel) ( p p )

8 pixels8 pixels 8 pixels= 1 byte


Greyscale Black & White


Image CompressionImage Compression• Lossy Compression: some information are loss,Lossy Compression: some information are loss, de‐compression result not same with original image. Example: JPEG• Lossless Compression: no information loss, de‐compression result same with original image. Example: GIF, TIFFC iCompression

DeCompression

?!hasoas$^%&823hiwef93

hnf*6867888


Original, 600KB Compressed, <<600KB


Image Compression QualityImage Compression Quality

Low quality, file size 28KB

Best quality, file size 99KB

Med quality


Med quality, file size 41KB

Original Image file size 600KB


Graphic (Vector)Graphic (Vector)



Image Processing ApplicationImage Processing Application• Adobe PhotoshopAdobe Photoshop• Corel Draw• Visio• Visio• AutoCAD• etc• etc


Sample of Image ProcessingBlue Screen TechniqueBlue Screen Technique

1. Find the boundary1. Find the boundary of the object

2. Copy the object

4 Put it together4. Put it together


3. Prepare the new background

Real Samplep


Sample of Image Processing [2]p g g [ ]

• Digital photo management software programs such as g p g f p gApple iPhoto and Microsoft PictureIt! simplify and automate common tasks associated with capturing, organizing editing and sharing digital imagesorganizing, editing, and sharing digital images.

Take an imageCombine it with

other objects Make a statement


Take an image other objects Make a statement

Postscriptp

• PostScript: a standard page-description PostScript: a standard page description language for describing text fonts, illustrations, and other elements of the printed page• Used by professional drawing programs such as Adobe Illustrator and Macromedia FreeHand• Built into many laser printers and other high‐end output devices so those devices can understand and follow PostScript instructions• PostScript‐based drawing software constructs a P S i h d


PostScript program as the user draws

3D Modelingg


3D Model and Renderingg

• Rendering is the process of generating an image from a g p g g gmodel, by means of computer programs. The model is a description of three dimensional objects in a strictly defined language or data structure It would containdefined language or data structure. It would contain geometry, viewpoint, texture, lighting, and shadinginformation.Rendering

Process


Model in wireframe Rendering result

3D Model and Renderingg

Images in wireframeview; those on the right

are fully rendered to yadd surface textures


Sample of Rendering Resultp g

Renderingresult

wireframewireframe


Sample of Rendering Resultp g


Rendering Qualityg Q y


CAD/CAM: Turning Pictures into ProductsTurning Pictures into Products• Computer Aided Design (CAD)Computer Aided Design (CAD) software:– Allows engineers, designers, and architects to create– designs on screen for products ranging from computerranging from computer – chips to public buildings– Can test product prototypesCan test product prototypes– Cheaper, faster, and more accurate than traditional


– design‐by‐hand techniques

CAM/CIM/

• Computer‐Aided Manufacturing p g(CAM) is the process by which data related to the product design are fed into a program thatare fed into a program that controls the manufacturing of parts.• Computer‐Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) refers to the combination of CAD/CAM and is acombination of CAD/CAM and is a major step toward a fully automated factory.Arry Akhmad Arman | School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics ITB | 2008

Graphic as Presentation Toolsp

• Remember your goal.• Remember your audience.• Outline your ideas.• Be stingy with words• Be stingy with words.• Keep it simple.• Use a consistent design.h• Be smart with art.• Keep each slide focused.• Tell them what you’re going to tell them, then tell them, then tell them what you told them.Arry Akhmad Arman | School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics ITB | 2008

Read “Good Presentation” in http://slideshare.net/kupalima

Video Principlep

NTSC = 30 fps, PAL = 25 fps

frame 10 minutes NTSC videoconsist of 10 x 60 x 30 = 18 000 frames


consist of 10 x 60 x 30 = 18.000 frames

Video and TV Resolutions

VCD (PAL)352x288

Today TV Resolution

DVD (PAL)

352x288

Today Computer Display ResolutionDVD (PAL)

720 x 576Display Resolution

(1280 x 800)

F ll HD TV

High Definition Video

Full HD TV(1920 x 1080)


1920 x 1080

Video Game


Nintendo Wii: Playing Tenisy g


Nintendo Wii: Starwars


MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface)(Musical Instrument Digital Interface)• MIDI is a digital interface for music equipmentMIDI is a digital interface for music equipment• MIDI is not a musical instrument• MIDI represent record and play the pattern of • MIDI represent, record and play the pattern of

music playing, not record the sound of music.MIDIMIDI


Thank youy

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Belgium, 2000

Technology

IT Introduction - 06. Graphic & Multimedia