GI systems as a tool for rural development

Lessons learnt from the world

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National workshop on Origin-linked Products and their demand in Ukraine, TCPUKR3201 – Kiev, 25-26 August

OutlineOutline

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1. Origin-linked products and Geographical indications (GI)

2. Importance for value chain and rural development

3. Key factors for sustainable GI

Origin-linked products Origin-linked products and Geographical Indicationsand Geographical Indications

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GIs in the world

PGI Longkou Fen Si

AOP safran de Taliouine

Littoral Norte Gaucho rice AO

Banana of Costa Rica Apples of Sbiba

International Definitions GI-AOInternational Definitions GI-AO GI - TRIPS Agreement (1994)

Geographical Indications identify a good as originated in the territory of a Member, where a given quality, reputation or other characteristic of the good is essentially attributable to its geographical origin

153 WTO member states

AO - Lisbon Agreement (1958) Appellation of Origin is the geographical

name of a country, region, or locality, which serves to designate a product originating therein, the quality and characteristics of which are due exclusively or essentially to the geographical environment, including natural and human factors.

WIPO (158 member states) 27 Contracting Parties

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“AO” defined by Lisbon can be

considered as a category of “GI” defined by TRIPS

GI are considered to be intellectual

property rights, and members countries

have to provide legal tools to protect

these rights.

GI

PRODUCT Specific quality,

reputation in the

market

PEOPLE

Motivations and capacity to

engage a collective process

PLACE

Local natural and human

resources: soil, climate,

varieties, know-how...

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Potential to be registered as IP Right and be protected differentiation and exclusivity of use

Heritagebio-cultural, tipicity built over generations of producers

Consumers

Mean of identification = Geographical Indication (GI) or

Appellation of Origin (AO)

Variety of GIs in the world Variety of GIs in the world

Geographical scope Types of products and strategy Protection and Property, according to

the national legislation governmental standard (public policy) or

private standard sui generis protection : 167 Trademark systems : 56 nations (a number use both)

Conformity assessment systems (certification)

Exigencies

And varieties of impacts...

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Strengthening value chain and rural development

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Advantages Advantages

Economic Pillar

Environmental Pillar

protection against fraud (legal protection); access to niche markets; adding value; reducing market price fluctuations; redistribution along value chain; benefits from collective action; maintain added value in the production

areas Etc.

awareness and sustainable use of natural resources

preservation of biodiversity, Etc.

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Social Pillar self esteem and its indirect effects

(power of negotiation/rights defense);

preservation of cultural heritage; job opportunities; positive effects on tourism. Etc.

Consumers’ side social expectations food diversity guaranties about quality, origin

and production process Etc.

Local impacts

Collective approach and local appropriation

GI association : representativeness and GI management

Code of practice : participative process of elaboration for a shared definition of product and practices

Identification of local resources for preservation of specific quality and heritage

Market and partners identified (niche market with added value)10

Not automatic effects...: impacts depend on local conditions and process (not on registration as such)

Methodologies

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Guide: Linking People, Places and Guide: Linking People, Places and ProductsProducts

FAO/SINER-GI Road map for

activating a local sustainable process in which GI can play a role for economic development and social/environmental preservation

Step by step approach

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Sustainable Quality Virtuous Circle at Sustainable Quality Virtuous Circle at local level local level

1.1. Identification :Identification :1. Product: specific quality?2. Place: what resources involved?3. People: mapping of actors,

awareness and collective action

2.2. QualificationQualification :1. Elaboration of the code of practice

(rules for GI use)2. Recognition by public authorities-

registration

3.3. Remuneration;Remuneration; 1. Roles of the GI association 2. Marketing

4.4. Reproduction of local Reproduction of local resourcesresources1. Strenghtening the system

sustainibility according to feedback – assessment of impacts

2. Territorial strategy – tourism Roles of public actorspublic actors

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Cross coordinations Local (territorial) National (and

international)

Private sector - Value chain

Voluntary standard

• Collective action for qualification

• Marketing

Federations, national and international producer associations

Public sector

IP and Production sectors (agriculture, food, handicraft...)CultureEnvironmentTourism

Local policies, extension services

• assessment of request

• protection

• support policies

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Project design = Setting up GI system and Building capacities:• at institutional level for a clear and sound legal and institutional framework (protection and support) • at territory - value chain level : pilot product cases

Conclusion

GI as a tool for rural development: when taking into account the territorial system

(people, place and product) and its key factors and phases for GI implementation

Emergent policies area that require: Clear and sound legal and institutional framework Coordination between different sectors, levels and

capacities Importance of consumer information

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www. foodquality-origin.org

For more information or copies of the guides: Emilie VandecandelaereFood and Agriculture Organization of UN Food Quality and control (AGND) emilie.vandecandelaere@fao.org Tel: +39 06 570 56 210

Thank you