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Prepared by:
Mera Catayas
KOREA
• One of the ancient Three Kingdoms of Korea,
located in present-day northern and central
parts of the Korean Peninsula,
southern Manchuria, and southern reaches of
Russia's Primorsky Krai.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY,
37 BCE–668 CE
MAJOR
RULERS
King Dongmyeong of Goguryeo (37 BC – 19 BC)
Holy King of the East,
also known by his birth
name Jumong.
He is the
founding monarch of
Goguryeo
King Yuri
( 19 BCE - 18 CE)
2nd ruler
Yuri is described as a
powerful and militarily
successful king.
King Yuri died in 18 CE,
after ruling for 37
years.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY
King Daemusin of Goguryeo
(18-44)
3rd ruler
Great Holy Warrior King
Led early Goguryeo
through a period of
massive territorial
expansion.
King Minjung of Goguryeo (44-48)
4th ruler
Minjung did not reign
for long, he was able to
avoid military conflicts
and kept peace through
most of the kingdom.
In 48, after 5 years of
reign, Minjung fell ill
and died.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY
King Mobon of Goguryeo (48-53)
5th king
Mobon was a great king
who thought for his
people initially, but
turned into a ruthless
tyrant in the later part
of his reign.
He was killed by a court
official named Duro.
King Taejo of Goguryeo (53–146)
6th ruler (Sometimes
called Taejo the Great)
Under his reign, the
young state expanded
its territory and
developed into a
centrally ruled
kingdom.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY
King Chadae of Goguryeo (146–165)
7th ruler
He was said to be
brave but cruel.
He was killed by his
minister Myeongnim
Dap-bu.
King Sindae of Goguryeo
(165–179)
8 th ruler
Sindae died in the
twelfth lunar month of
179, at the age of 91.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY
King Gogukcheon of Goguryeo
(179–197)
the 9 th ruler
Gogukcheon was the
second son of
Goguryeo's eighth
king, Sindae.
King Sansang of Gogurye (197–227)
10th ruler
He was the third son of
the eighth king Sindae
Sansang died during
227, the 31st year of
his reign, and was
buried in Sansang-
neung.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY
King Dongcheon of Goguryeo (227–248)
11th ruler
He was made crown
prince in 213, and rose
to the throne upon
Sansang's death
Dongcheon fell ill and
died during the fall of
248 after 22 years of
rule.
King Jungcheon of Goguryeo (248–270)
12th ruler
Son of King Dongcheon
Upon his father's death in 248, Jungcheon followed him to the throne.
In 270, the king died at the age of 46, and was buried in Jungcheonji-won.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY
King Seocheon of Goguryeo (270–292)
13th ruler
the second son of King
Jungcheon, and was
confirmed as Crown
Prince in 255.
King Seocheon died in
292, after 23 years on
the throne.
King Bongsang of Goguryeo (292–300)
14th ruler
His violence upset the
people.
Bongsang and his two
sons committed
suicide. He was buried
in Bongsan-won.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY
King Micheon of Goguryeo (300–331)
15 th ruler
Micheon lived as a
servant and a salt
merchant, but was made
king after Bongsang was
overthrown by court
officials.
Micheon died and was
buried in 331 at Micheon-
won.
King Gogugwon of Goguryeo (331-371)
16th king
He was made crown prince in 314 and became king upon his father's death.
He was killed in a battle at Pyongyang Castleand was buried at Gogugwon.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY
King Sosurim of Goguryeo (371–384)
17th ruler
Son of King Gogugwon
He is considered to
have strengthened the
centralization of
authority in Goguryeo.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY
a kingdom located in southwest Korea.
It was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea,
together with Goguryeo and Silla.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
Onjo (18 BC–AD 28)
the founding monarch
of Baekje
He was the ancestor of
all Baekje kings.
Daru of Baekje
(28–77)
2nd king
He was the eldest son
of the founding
monarch Onjo and
became the heir of
throne in the year 10.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
Gaeru of Baekje (128–166)
4th king
In 132, he
founded Bukhan
Mountain Fortress.
Giru of Baekje (77–128)
3rd king
He was the eldest son
of King Daru and
became the heir to the
throne in the year 33.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
Chogo of Baekje (166–214)
5th king
He was the son of King
Gaeru
Gusu of Baekje (214–234)
6th king
He was descended from
the founding king Onjo
and the eldest son of
the 5th king Chogo
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
Saban of Baekje (234)
7th king
He was the eldest son
of the 6th king Gusu.
Nothing is known of the
birth, later life, or
death of Saban.
Goi of Baekje (234–286)
8th king
He was the second son
of the 4th
king Gaeru and younger
brother of the 5th
king Chogo.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
Chaekgye of Baekje (286–298)
9th king
He was the eldest son
of King Goi
Baekje was invaded by
Maek-in and the Lelang
commandery, and
Chaekgye was killed.
Bunseo of Baekje (298–304)
10th king
He continued to wage
war against the
Chinese Lelang
commandery.
The governor of
the commandery there
upon sent an assassin
who poisoned him.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
Biryu of Baekje (304–344)
11th king
Japanese historians
suspect Biryu, like
Saban, as the
progenitor of certain
aristocratic clans
ofYamato period Japan.
Gye of Baekje (344–346)
12th king
He was the eldest son
of the 10th
king Bunseo, who was
assassinated.
His rule indicated the
continued the rivalry
between two royal
lines.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
Geunchogo of Baekje (346-375)
13th king
He reigned over the
apex of Baekje's
powers.
Under Geunchogo, the
kingdom reached its
greatest geographic
extent and political
power.
Geungusu of Baekje (375–384)
14th king
During Geungusu's
reign, Baekje was in
hostile relations with
its northern neighbor,
Goguryeo.
Geungusu died in 384,
after 10 years of reign.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
Chimnyu of Baekje (384–385)
15th king
He was the first Baekje
king to officially
recognize Buddhism
Jinsa of Baekje (385-392)
16th king
He ordered numerous
attacks
against Goguryeo,
which was expanding
into Baekje territory
from the north.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
Asin of Baekje
(392–405)
the 17th king
of Baekje, one of
the Three Kingdoms of
Korea.
Buyeo Abang was the
eldest son of Baekje's
15th ruler Chimnyu.
Jeonji of Baekje (405–420)
18th king
Jeonji spent much of
his youth in
the Wa kingdom
of Yamato Japan as.
hostage
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
Guisin of Baekje (420–427)
19th king
He was the eldest son
of King Jeonji and Lady
Palsu.
Biyu of Baekje (427-455)
20th king
Biyu sought to
strengthen Baekje’s
relationship with Silla,
exchanging
ambassadors in 433
and 434.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
Gaero of Baekje ( 455-475)
21st king
He attempted to
strengthen royal control
of the aristocracy.
He died in a battle.
Munju of Baekje (475-477)
22nd king
His reign saw
considerable disunity
within Baekje.
Munju was murdered by
an agent of Hae Gu.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
Samgeun of Baekje (477-479)
23rd king
Samgeun was only
thirteen years old when
he took power after his
father’s death.
Dongseong of Baekje (479-501)
24th king
He built several
fortresses and castles
to build out the new
capital
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
Muryeong of Baekje (501–23)
25th king
During his reign, Baekje
remained allied
with Silla against
Goguryeo, and
expanded its
relationships
with China and Japan.
Seong of Baekje (523–554)
26th king
Also known as Holy
King
Seong was known as a
great patron
of Buddhism in Korea.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
Wideok of Baekje (554–598)
27th king
He was the eldest son
of King Seong, and rose
to the throne upon his
father's death.
King Hye of Baekje (598–599)
28th king
His reign saw major
inroads from the
neighbouring Silla and
Goguryeo kingdoms.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
Beop of Baekje (599–600)
29th king
He reigned as Baekje
power declined, having
lost the Seoul region to
the rival Silla kingdom.
King Mu of Baekje (600 - 641)
30th king
Mu attacked Silla
several times.
Mu retained close ties
with Tang China.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
Uija of Baekje (641- 660)
31st and final ruler
of Baekje
His reign ended
when Baekje was
conquered by the
alliance of the rival
Korean
kingdom Silla and Chin
a's Tang Dynasty.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
3
FEATURES
A gilt-bronze statue of what is
believed to be the Maitreya, the
future Buddha, in a semi-seated
contemplative pose.
GILT-BRONZE MAITREYA IN MEDITATION
(NATIONAL TREASURE NO. 83)
The Seven-Pronged
Spear is a 74.9 cm
long iron sword with
six branch-like
protrusions along the
central blade.
SEVEN-BRANCHED SWORD
The 287th National Treasure of Korea and was designated
on May 30, 1996.
GILT-BRONZE INCENSE BURNER
OF BAEKJE
Korea is the most accessible location, a theory publicized
in early Meiji period in Japan argued that these immigrants
were Korean most likely of the Goguryeo or the Baekje.
The Namhangang (Namhan meaning 'South Han' and gang
meaning 'river') is sometimes, but not always, referred to
as the "Han" in South Korea. The term "South Han" is
understood irrespective of which side of the border one
stands. The state of Goguryeo called it the Arisu AND
Baekje called it the Ungniha
Gongju is the former capital of the Baekje Kingdom during
Korea's Three Kingdoms period.
TRIVIA
Was one of the Three Kingdoms of
Korea, and one of the world's longest
sustained dynasties
It is often referred to, occupied most
of the Korean Peninsula
SILLA DYNASTY
( 57 BCE–935)
MAJOR
RULERS
Hyeokgeose 57 BCE – 4 CE
Namhae 4–24
Yuri 24–57
Talhae 57–80
Pasa 80–112
Jima 112–134
Ilseong 134–154
Adalla 154–184
Beolhyu 184–196
Naehae 196–230
Jobun 230–247
Cheomhae 247–261
Michu 262–284
Yurye 284–298
Girim 298–310
Heulhae 310–356
Naemul 356–402
Silseong 402–417
Nulji 417–458
Jabi 458–479
Soji 479–500
Jijeung 500–514
Beopheung 514–540
Jinheung 540–576
Jinji 576–579
Jinpyeong 579–632
Seondeok 632–647
Jindeok 647–654
Muyeol 654–661
SILLA DYNASTY
( 57 BCE–935)
Hyeokgeose of Silla
(57 BC–4 AD)
commonly called Bak
(Park, Pak) Hyeokgeose
commonly called Bak
(Park, Pak) Hyeokgeose
He wasthe progenitor of
all Bak (Park) clans
in Korea.
Namhae of Sil la
(4–24 CE)
2nd King
He is commonly
called Namhae
Chachaung, chachaung
being an early Silla
title.
SILLA DYNASTY
( 57 BCE–935)
Yuri of Silla (24-57)
He is commonly
called Yuri Isageum.
Yuri Isageum died in 57
AD after 34 years of
reign.
Talhae of Silla (57-80)
He is commonly
called Talhae
Isageum or Seok
Talhae, isageum being
the royal title in early
Silla.
SILLA DYNASTY
( 57 BCE–935)
Gold, the raw material,
initially was imported
but eventually must
have been produced
within the Silla
territories to satisfy the
huge demand
GOLDEN TREASURES:
THE ROYAL TOMBS OF SILLA
The Bronze Bell of King Seongdeok the Great attracts a large number of tourists. The bell produces a distinctive sound, about which there is a legend.
BRONZE BELL OF
KING SEONGDEOK THE GREAT
Buddhism was
formally adopted
by Silla in 527
under King
Beopheung.
BUDDHISM
This standing statue of the Bhaisajyaguru Buddha is made of gilt bronze, made in the Silla period.
Gyeongju, the capital of the kingdoms of Old
Silla (57 B.C.–676 A.D.) and Unified Silla
(676–935), is dotted with impressive mounds
of royal tombs.
It was during the Unified Silla period that
trade relations with Japan flourished.
Unified Silla or Later Silla, as it is often
referred to, occupied most of the Korean
Peninsula, while the northern part re-emerged
as Balhae, a successor-state of Goguryeo ore
than ever before.
TRIVIA
It was a mixed ethnic Korean
and Mohe kingdom established in
northern Korea and Manchuria after
the fall of Goguryeo.
It existed during the North South
States Period of Korea along with
Unified Silla
BALHAE DYNASTY, 698–926
MAJOR
RULERS
Go 698-719
Mu 719–737
Mun 737–793
Dae Won-ui 793
Seong 793-794
Gang 794–809
Jeong 809-812
Hui 812–817
Gan 817–818
Seon 818–830
Dae Ijin 831–857
Dae Geonhwang 857–871
Dae Hyeonseok 871–894
Dae Wihae 894–906
Dae Inseon 906–926
Dae Jo-yeong
(699 to 719)
also known in Korea
as King Go
established the state
of Balhae
His origin is heavily
disputed
most Korean scholars
believed that he was
of Goguryeo heredity.
Dae Mu-ye
2nd King
also known as King Mu
He is noted for the
military expansion of
his domain.
BALHAE DYNASTY, 698–926
3
FEATURES
A dragon head
artifact from
Balhae at the
National
Museum of
Korea.
NATIONAL MUSEUM
This is the
Stele from
Balhae
National
Musuem.
Mireuksa was the largest Buddhist temple in the ancient Korean kingdom of Baekje.
TEMPLE
TRIVIA
Buddhism was first introduced into Korea from
China in the late 4th century.
To confront the military pressure of Goguryo to
its north and Silla to its east, Baekje
(Kudara in Japanese) established close
relations with Japan.
The Japanese army retreated to Japan with
many Baekje refugees
Also known as Koryŏ
A Korean dynasty established in 918
by King Taejo
This kingdom later gave name to the
modern state of Korea
GORYEO (KORYŎ) PERIOD, 918–1392
MAJOR
RULERS
Taejo 918–943
Hyejong 943–945
Jeongjong 945–949
Gwangjong 949–975
Gyeongjong 975–981
Seongjong 981–997
Mokjong 997–1009
Hyeonjong 1009–1031
Deokjong 1031–1034
Jeongjong I I 1034–1046
Munjong 1046–1083
Sunjong 1083
Seonjong 1083–1094
Heonjong 1094–1095
Sukjong 1095–1105
Yejong 1105–11 22
Injong 1122–1146
Uijong 1146–1170
Myeongjong 1170–1197
Sinjong 1197–1204
Huijong 1204–1211
Gangjong 1211–1213
Gojong 1213–1259
Wonjong 1259–1274
Chungnyeol 1274–1308
Chungseon 1308–1313
Chungsuk 1313–1330
Chunghye 1330–1332
Chungmok 1344–1348
Chungjeong 1348–1351
Gongmin 1351–1374
U 1374–1388
Chang 1388–1389
Gongyang 1389–1392
GORYEO (KORYŎ) PERIOD, 918–1392
Taejo of Goryeo
(January 31, 877 – July 4, 943)
was the founder of
the Goryeo Dynasty,
which ruled Korea from
the 10th to the 14th
century.
Taejo ruled from 918 to
943.
Hyejong of Goryeo
(943–945)
2nd monarch
He was preceded by
King Taejo and
succeeded by Jeongjong
I of Goryeo
GORYEO (KORYŎ) PERIOD, 918–1392
3
FEATURES
It was built in the
11th Century, during
the Goryeo period.
It is Korean National
Treasure Number
100.
SEVEN-STORY PAGODA
Here are some of the things that are imported during the
Song dynasty.
TRADING COUNTRY
This is Yi Je-
hyun (1287–
1367), an
early Korean
Neo-
Confucianism
scholar.
RELIGION
TRIVIA
In 1170, a group of army officers led by Jeong Jung-bu, Yi Ui-bang and Yi Go launched a coup d'état and succeeded.
In 1231, Mongols under Ögedei Khan invaded Goryeo, following the aftermath of joint Goryeo-Mongol forces against the Khitans in 1219
In 993, the Khitan Liao Dynasty invaded Goryeo's northwest border with an estimated 60,000 troops.
was a Korean state founded by Taejo
Yi Seong-gye that lasted for
approximately five centuries, from
July 1392 to October 1897.
JOSEON (CHOSON OR YI) DYNASTY, 1392–
1910
MAJOR
RULERS
Taejo 1392–1398
Jeongjong 1398–1400
Taejong 1400–1418
Sejong the Great 1418–1450
Munjong 1450–1452
Danjong 1452–1455
Sejo 1455–1468
Yejong 1468–1469
Seongjong 1469–1494
Yeonsangun 1494–1506
Jungjong 1506–1544
Injong 1544–1545
Myeongjong 1545–1567
Seonjo 1567–1608
Gwanghaegun 1608–1623
Injo 1623–1649
Hyojong 1649–1659
Hyeonjong 1659–1674
Sukjong 1674–1720
Gyeongjong 1720–1724
Yeongjo 1724–1776
Jeongjo 1776–1800
Sunjo 1800–1834
Heonjong 1834–1849
Cheoljong 1849–1863
Gojong 1863–1907
Sunjong 1907–1910
JOSEON (CHOSON OR YI) DYNASTY,
1392–1910
Taejo of Joseon
(1392–1398)
Born Yi Seong-gye, whose changed name is Yi Dan
was the founder and the first king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea
the main figure in overthrowing the Goryeo Dynasty
Jeongjong of Joseon
(1357–1419)
Born Yi Bang-gwa,
whose changed name
is Yi Gyeong
2nd King
first king of the dynasty
JOSEON (CHOSON OR YI) DYNASTY,
1392–1910
3
FEATURES
the late 14th
century, the
nearly 500 year-
old Gorye
Dynasty establis
hed by Wang
Geon in 918 was
tottering.
KING TAEJO'S PORTRAIT
In August 1418, following Taejong's abdication two
months earlier, Sejong ascended the throne.
KING SEJONG THE GREAT
The Turtle ship is
known to have
been made of
iron, the historical
existence of the
ironclad roof is
disputed.
EARLY JAPANESE INVASIONS
TRIVIA
After invasions from Japan and Manchuria, Joseon experienced a nearly 200-year period of peace.
In 1873, King Gojong announced his assumption of royal rule.
The government officials were ranked in 18 levels, ranging from first senior rank down to ninth junior rank based on seniority and promotion, which was achieved through the royal decree based on examination or recommendation.
http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked
/topic/653164/Choson-dynasty
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mo
narchs_of_Korea
http://sizes.com/time/CHRNKorea_dyn.
htm
REFERENCES