A brief history...

● In 2005, a project was initiated to make a device for controlling student-built interactive design projects that was less expensive than other prototyping systems available at the time.

● Founders Massimo Banzi and David Cuartielles named the project after Arduin of Ivrea and began producing boards in a small factory located in Ivrea.

Founders

What is an Arduino?

● Single-board microcontroller, intended to make the application of interactive objects or environments more accessible .

● Designed to make the process of using electronics multidisciplinary projects more accesible.

● It is an open source hardware, any one can get the details of its design and modify it or make his own one himself.

Microcontroller

● A microcontroller is a small computer on a single integrated circuit.

● It is similar to, but less sophisticated than, a system on a chip or SoC.

● It is a micro-computer. As any computer it has internal CPU, RAM, IOs interface.

● Few famous microcontroller manufacturers are MicroChip, Atmel, Intel, Analog devices, and more.

Arduino can...

● Sense the environment by receiving input from variety of sensors ( to sense stuff ).

- Push buttons- Variable resistors- Photoresistors- Thermistors

● Affect its surroundings by controlling lights, motors, and other actuators ( to do stuff ).

- LEDs- Motors- Speakers- LCD

Arduino boards

Arduino UNO

Arduino UNO features● Microcontroller● ATmega328● Operating Voltage 5V and 3.3 V● Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V● Input Voltage (limits)● Digital I/O Pins● Analog Input Pins 6● DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA● DC Current for 3.3V Pin50 mA● Flash Memory 32 KB (ATmega328) of which 0.5 KB used by Bootloader● SRAM● EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328)● Clock Speed 16 MHz

Other prototyping boards

● Raspberry pie● Beagle board● Panda board● Cotton candy● CubieBoard● APC Rock● Hackberry● Gooseberry

Arduino vs others

● Support for analog input● Comparatively cheap● PWM output available● Open source● Limited Computing power● No GPU unit● Limited memory

COTS

Arduino is a platform

Arduino IDE

Programming

● The Arduino Uno can be programmed with the Arduino software IDE (integrated development environment).

● Programming language used is C like but more towards Processing language.

● The Atmega328 on the Arduino Uno comes preburned with a Bootloader that allows you to upload new code to it without the use of an external hardware programmer.

Processing

An open source computer programming language and integrateddevelopment environment (IDE) built for

- Electronic arts- New media arts- Visual design

Examples : https://processing.org/examples/

Arduino is a platform

A C program

#include<stdio.h>

int main(){

Printf(“Hello, world!”);}

Hello, world! in Arduino

LDR with Arduino

LDR with Arduino

LM35 with Arduino

Let’s get started...