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Presented by Sue Edwards, Institute for Sustainable Development at the National Colloquium on System of Crop Intensification Held on March 2, 2011 in Patna, Bihar
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New approaches with dramatic results
for increasing production of tef and other field crops
Sue Edwards & Hailu ArayaInstitute for Sustainable Development
withTareke Berhe & Zewdie GebretsadikSasakawaGlobal Africa Association
Environmental Constraints
Dry and/ or cold areas with low production potential
Low soil suitability
Low and erratic rainfall
Steep slopes and mountains
Severe and very severe land degradation
Low to medium climatic production potential
High climatic production potential
Ethiopia - production constraintsand opportunity
Area 1.12 million sq km ; population over 80 million; 84% rural = 16 mill rural families
Where ISD works with farmersTigray Region12 woredas (districts)57 communities
Amhara Region5 woredas (districts)
Regions to which ISD is expanding work in 2011
Average yield (kg/ha)
Crop type Check (no input) Compost Chemical fertilizer
Grain Straw Grain Straw Grain Straw
Faba bean 1,378 2,121 2,857 4,158 2,696 3,783
Barley 1,115 2,478 2,349 4,456 1,861 3,739
Durum wheat
1,228 2,342 2,494 3,823 1,692 3,413
Teff 1,151 2,471 2,143 3,801 1,683 3,515
Maize 1,760 3,531 3,748 4,957 2,900 3,858
Hanfets* 858 2,235 1,341 3,396 1,199 2,237
Finger millet
1,142 2,242 2,652 4,748 1,848 3,839
* Hanfets is a mixture of barley and durum wheat Source: ISD data
The crops grown in compost-treated fields also had a higher grain index
SWI plot in Tahtai Maichew
Row planted plot in July 2009
Mature Wheat in GimbichuDecember 2009
Normal wheat: 39 grains/ear
Row planted wheat : 56 grains/ear
Wheat Yield in q/ha equivalent from 7 farmers
Some examples of sorghum diversity
Finger Millet transplanted on ¼ ha
Finger Millet row planted starting to flower in July 2009
Finger Millet & Sorghum yields from 3 farmers
Sorghum has usuallhy 1,200 seeds per head
Farmer practice Row planted
Farmers’ conventional practice (broadcasting seed at the rate of 25 kg/ha or more) vs. Row planting (drilling seed in a line at the rate of 2.5 kg/ha).
SCI with Tef – Debre Zeit, data from Dr Tareke & Ato Zewdie
High tillering in tef
Transplanted tef in rows
Tef panicles heavy with seed