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Presenter: G.S.G. Ayyangar Audience:2nd National SRI Symposium, Agartala, India Subject Country: Tripura, India
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SRI EXPERIENCES IN TRIPURA
DR. G.S.G. AYYANGARCOMMISSIONER & SECRETARY, AGRICULTURE
GOVERNMENT OF TRIPURA
AGRICULTURE IN TRIPURA
Agriculture with its allied sectors is the backbone of the State’s economy.
Rice is the staple food of this State. There are two parallel farming
systems – upland (including jhum) and wet rice cultivation situation.
At present, the State is running deficit in foodgrains production.
Perspective Plan for Self-Sufficiency
The State Government formulated in 1999-2000 a Perspective Plan for achieving self-sufficiency in foodgrains.
REQUIREMENT OF FOODGRAINS BY 2010
Year Projected population
(in lakhs)
Foodgrains
requirement
(in lakhs tons)
2007-08 35.40 7.98
2008-09 35.92 8.09
2009-10 36.44 8.22
STRATEGY FOR ENHANCEMENT OF CROP PRODUCTION
Supply of certified seeds to the farmers Balanced use of fertilizersImprovement in irrigation water use efficiencyImprovement of cultural practices (SRI , hybrid varieties)
STRATEGY (contd..)
Adequate flow of credit
Gearing up of extension activities
Ensuring people’s participation through Panchayati Raj institutions
AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION
Encouraging farmers for more use of agriculture implements
SEEDS
SEED PLAN: Thrust given for
certified seed production through Seed Village concept.
SRR increased from 2.8% in 1999-00 to an optimum level of 33% in 2006-07.
Hybrid paddy seed production in farmers’ fields and Govt. farms.
SEEDS ( CONTD..) Self-sufficient in certified seeds
for HYV paddy, rape & mustard. Surplus paddy seeds are
marketed through NSC. Pulse & Oilseed seed production
in farmers’ fields through Seed Village concept is progressing.
FERTILIZERS
Per-hectare use of NPK has been increased from 25 kg (1990-00) to 47 kg (2006-07).
Why SRI ? In spite of all efforts,
however, productivity of rice hovers around 2.5 tons/ha. To achieve the goal of self-sufficiency, we need to increase the productivity to at least the level of 3 ton/ha.
To attain a breakthrough and increase in rice productivity significantly, SRI method are being tried in farmers’ fields.
Research activities on SRIResearch activities on SRI
Initiated in the year 1999-00 in boro Initiated in the year 1999-00 in boro seasonseason
Evaluated the adaptability under Evaluated the adaptability under Tripura conditions for 5 seasons, until Tripura conditions for 5 seasons, until 2001-02, covering both kharif (aman) 2001-02, covering both kharif (aman) and rabi (boro).and rabi (boro).
Results were encouraging, prompting Results were encouraging, prompting the Government to extend its support.the Government to extend its support.
Large-scale SRI DemonstrationLarge-scale SRI Demonstration
The Department initiated a large-scale SRI The Department initiated a large-scale SRI demonstration programme in farmers’ field demonstration programme in farmers’ field during 2005-06 with a target of 16,000 during 2005-06 with a target of 16,000 hectares, of which 14,876 hectares was hectares, of which 14,876 hectares was achieved, covering more than 74,000 achieved, covering more than 74,000 farmers of Tripura state. farmers of Tripura state.
The Department provided assistance to The Department provided assistance to farmers @ Rs.4,500/ha for popularization farmers @ Rs.4,500/ha for popularization of SRI. of SRI.
Demonstration and TrainingDemonstration and Training
• Demonstration in farmers’ fields was taken up from the crop year 2002-03 Kharif
• 2002-03 – 44 farmers @ 0.2 ha• 2003-04 – 88 farmers @ 0.2 ha• 2004-05 – 440 farmers @ 0.4 ha• 2005-06 – 880 farmers @ 0.4 ha• 2006-07 – > 74,000 farmers @ 0.2 ha
Farmers’ training
Extensive training on SRI techniques was organized for farmers at village level and up to the district level throughout the state.
Uprooting of young seedling without any trauma and transplanting them into the main field within
30 minutes
Method-I
Uprooting of young seedling without any trauma and transplanting them into the main field within 30 minutes (another method)
Method-II
Uprooting of young seedling without any trauma and transplanting them into the main field within 30 minutes (still another method)
Method-III
ONE SEEDLING PER HILL
SPACING MAINTAINED THROUGH LOW-COST DEVICE DEVELOPED BY FARMERS THEMSELVES
WATER MANAGEMENT
SRI success is possible under rainfed as well as irrigated conditions
No standing water at the time of transplantation. In muddy soil, spacing of the drainage left as it is, and a drain is then created during the first weeding at 10-12 DAT
Drainage channel in the main fields
12 days after irrigation / watering
Drainage channel of 25 cm. width and 25 cm depth
60 DAT 65 tillersper hill / per plant(MTU 7029)
75 DAT 80 tillersper hill / per plant(MTU 7029)
No standing water near the base of the plant, so no hindrance in the aeration
WEED MANAGEMENT
Minimizes weed - crop competition
Maximizes aerobic condition in the field
Weeding schedule:
3 weedings at intervals of 10 -12 days,1st weeding should be 10-12 DAT
YIELD
On an average 2 ton/ha more harvested than the conventional system of farmers’ practice produces in the farmers’ fields.
Variety : Pooja
Variety-wise yieldsHYV Ave. yield:
conventionalmethods
(t/ha)
Ave. yield: SRI methods
(t/ha)
No. of demos in farmers’
fields (0.4 ha)
Joya 3.4 -3.8 5.5 -6.2 37
Krishna Hamsha
3.8 -4.5 6.4- 6.8 134
Satabdi 3.0-3.5 4.8 -5.4 46
Swati 3.75-4.25 5.8-6.25 30
(contd.)
Variety-wise yields
HYV Ave. yield: conventional
methods (t/ha)
Ave. yield:SRI methods
(t/ha)
No. of demos in farmers’
fields (0.4 ha)
IR 64 4.5-5.0 7.2-7.6 192
MTU7029 4.5-5.5 7.2 -8.5 183
NDR 359 4.3-5.2 6.5 -7.2 73
NDR 97 2.5-3.0 4.6-5.0 64
POOJA 4.8-5.2 7.4 -8.2 124
Variety : Pooja
Hybrid paddy with SRI
HYBRID Ave. yield:conventional
methods (t/ha)
Ave. yield:SRI
methods (t/ha)
No. of demos in farmers’
fields (0.4 ha)
DRRH-1 6.0-6.5 7.6-8.1 19
KRH-2 6.5-7.0 8.2-8.7 35
PHB 71 6.5-7.0 8.1-8.5 28
SHEYADRI 6.2-6.8 7.2-7.8 15
Local varieties with SRI
Ave. yield: conventional
methods
(t/ha)
Ave. yield:
SRI
methods (t/ha)
No. of demos in farmers’ fields
(0.4 ha)
Local varieties
2.0-3.0 3.8-4.3 37
Local scented varieties
1.5-2.0 3.1 -3.4 12
THANK YOU