Module – Business Research Method

A STUDY ON WOMEN SAFETY

Submitted To: Submitted By:

Ms. Shruti Jolly Ankita SawaliMs. Smitha Girija Ankur Gupta

Ayushi Goel Manisha Bhatt

Saurabh Merothia Saurabh Vashisht

IILM Institute for Higher Education, Lodhi Road

1

Table of Contents

1. Executive Summary…………………………………………………………… 3

2. Company Profile.……………………………………………………………… 4

3. Objectives……………………………………………………………………....5

4. Literature Review…………………………………………………………........6

5. Research Methodology ………………………………………………………...7

6. Data Analysis….……………………………………………………………8-15

7. Recommendations……………………………………………………….........16

8. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………….17

Appendix 1(Questionnaire)………………………………………………...18-19

Appendix 2 (Customer Reviews-online) …………………………………..20-22

References……………………………………………………………………....23

2

Executive Summary

This project aims at understanding that perspective of women regarding their safety in public places. We will be analyzing the key reasons due to which women feel unsafe and provide suitable suggestions for them. The key regions are government, police station and societies. Moreover, the government apps are not good enough to save the women because there is lack of access of police at incident immediately. Hence, government and police should take proper measure to women more secure at night. Women feels that safety issues related to the stay in the budget hotels depends on the location of the hotel. Women prefer to travel by metro. As it is cheap, easily accessible, traffic free and the most important it is safe transport for them. For reaching out non-metro places, currently most of the metropolitan cities do have women cab drivers but not everywhere. Hence, there must be some initiatives, both from government and private cab service companies to meet the consumer needs. This is a secondary question to the former ones as it emphasizes on carpooling. Actually, women safety in car pooling depends on time, location, city and people’s view point. We believe government should make some strict laws against women harassment cases and criminals should be punished in Delhi police should become more active and help government implement strict laws. Women must carry a pepper spray. It is easily available and allowed at all the public places. Even Delhi government has taken an initiative to teach martial arts of women. For their safety and self-defence in public and other places. So, we would suggest that one must utilize these programmes for their benefits. These points the main focus which we have taken because women safety is a booming issue now a day.

3

Company Profile

Sexual harassment and other forms of sexual violence in public spaces are an everyday occurrence for women and girls around the world—in urban and rural areas, in developed and developing countries. Women and girls experience and fear various types of sexual violence in public spaces, from unwanted sexual remarks and touching to rape and femicide. It happens on streets, in and around public transportation, schools and workplaces, in public sanitation facilities, water and food distribution sites and parks.

This reality reduces women’s and girls’ freedom of movement. It reduces their ability to participate in school, work and public life. It limits their access to essential services and their enjoyment of cultural and recreational opportunities. It also negatively impacts their health and well-being.

Although violence in the private domain is now widely recognized as a human rights violation, violence against women and girls, especially sexual harassment in public spaces, remains a largely neglected issue, with few laws or policies in place to prevent and address it.

It is a booming issue in major cities like Delhi nowadays.

4

Objective

To study the safety of women in the public places. The major areas of focus are as follow:

Public parks Public markets

To study their safety at different times of the day. To find out their perspective on this issue.

5

Literature Review

Based on a review of the available literature, a recommended practice for the women’s safety stresses the importance on the entire area, from initial research through to implementation and follow up.With in the literature, there is an agreement that we should focus on the specificity of the individual community in which they are performed. In this way, the locally-specific expertise of residents can be best utilized. Moreover, local consideration enables safety audit participants to identify the day-to-day challenges women face.

A local focus also highlights the important role of municipal governments in improving safety and of community organizations, which often possess a wealth of useful knowledge and influence. Including professionals (public workers, planners) from the public and private sector provides further aid. Organizations and/or individuals who already possess connections to key resources can quickly and effectively connect the audit team with what they need. In many cases, women’s safety audit reports recommend changes to the physical environment. Ranging in scale from small, easily implemented gestures to large, costly demolitions, these are the most apparent results of the audit process. It appears that most audits conducted resulted in some level of physical environmental change. Some alterations as a result of audit recommendations include: lighting and signage amendments; the installation of convex mirrors and emergency phones; the redesign or addition of pedestrian paths; the redesign or relocation of transit stops and subway exits.

According to us, we recommend that safety audit guides provide more direction on follow- up strategies, including ways for women to evaluate actual public policy and procedure.

6

Research Methodology

Statement of the problem: -

Our research would be based in new Delhi only, focusing on finding out the reasons for the purpose of the research structured survey of women safety in public place the key reasons for their failure and to provide suggestion to women safety in public place.

Research design: -

We would be using a quantitative research methodology. The research design would be conclusive; under this we will be doing descriptive research which would be cross-sectional design. Enabling us to analyse and measure the incidence of various views and opinions in a chosen sample. Population was defined as urban dwellers of both genders. The research data would be collected through a well structured questionnaire. We will be analysing the key regions due to which women feel unsafe and provide suitable suggestion for them.

Sampling technique:

We will be adopting to the sampling technique to use quota sampling and dividing the capital into five regions i.e. south Delhi, east Delhi, central Delhi, west Delhi, north Delhi. The sample size for our research is limited to 50% of women we fell unsafe in public transport, 34% of women on road, 8% in shopping mall and 8% in park. Sampling is the process of choosing a small representation of the entire population there is lack of social development, infrastructure technology and cooperative society.

Data Collection InstrumentThe data would be collected by designing a well structured questionnnare which would be filled by the sample through personal interaction.

Data SourcesWe will be focusing on Primary data collection, directly from the target segment i.e., women segment, while using support from secondary data such as news paper articles and research papers available online as well as various web portals used by the women to register their complaints and suggestions.

Time and Personnel

The time period of the research would be from 1st March 2017 to 13st March 2017. The data would be collected personally by us; some data would be accessed from secondary sources such as news articles and web portals.

7

DATA ANALYSIS

Analysis:

Out of total sample size of 50 we have seen that 50% of women feel unsafe in public Transport, 34% of women on road, 8% in shopping mall and 8% in park due to lack of awareness in societies. Large number of women are unable to access the police station and cooperative societies. Moreover, the government apps are not good enough to save the women because there is lack of access of police at incident.

Analysis:

Approximately 40% of the women feel insecure while travelling between 10pm to 12am, 20% of them prefer to stay at home after 12 am. Hence going by the survey conducted we can say that Delhi is quite unsafe for women at night. There are several cases of women harassment and theft which need to be stopped immediately hence government and police should take proper measure to make women more secure at night.

8

Analysis:

Out of the total sample size of 50. A percentage of 52% of the women feels that safety issues related to the stay in the budget hotels depends on the location of the hotel. Also, 32% of women feels that the solo women travelers do not feel safe as many fearful incidences are happening with the women who stay alone in the budget hotels. Whereas, a very meager percentage of about 12% agrees with the fact that budget hotels are completely safe, and a percentage of 4% of women says that it does not matter to them at all as budget hotels are not their cup of tea.

Analysis:

A group percentage of women about 48% prefer to travel by using metro. As it is cheap, easily accessible, traffic free and the most important it is safe transport for them. Also, 22% of women prefer cabs for commuting as they think that it saves time for reaching out non-metro places. Whereas, a very small a percentage of women say about 8% of travel by auto and 8% of women travel by bus and 14% of women prefers any mode of transport which is available to them at the time of requirement.

9

Analysis:

26 out of 50 sample sizes, says they would like to have a woman cab driver in comparison to male cab drivers, beating a 6 out of 50 option which says that it doesn't make any difference to them. This 60.5% of majority seems justified to be on a safe side and have a comfortable travelling during day/night times. Currently most of the metropolitan cities do have woman cab drivers but not everywhere. Hence there must be some initiatives, both from government part and private cab service companies to meet the consumer needs.

Analysis:

This is a secondary question to the former one and it emphasizes on car-pooling. Actually, women safety in car pooling depends on time, location, city and people's view point. In locations where crime rate are higher women should not prefer a car pool. Around 20% feel safe while 30% feel unsafe. But more than 40% says maybe, which reflects on factors mentioned above. So, what can be done here is that there should be proper awareness and car pooling can be done on gender basis.

10

Analysis:

Out of the total sample size of 50, 58% of the women feel that they are not able to decide whether women safety apps are helpful or not. Also, 36% of the women who took the survey agree that women safety apps are helpful and are very useful at the time they needed the most. Only 6% women disagree that the women safety apps are not helpful. We can easily conclude from this survey that most of the women are unaware of the mobile apps that are present for their safety. Hence, we believe there is a room for government and other organizations to intervene and make women aware of the safety apps and how to use it to good effect.

Analysis:

A group percentage of women about 52% are satisfied with the government initiatives for women safety whereas 40% of the women are not satisfied. Hence, going by the survey conducted we can say there is still a large percentage of women who are not satisfied with the government initiatives. If we see the last 3 years’ data, women harassment cases have gone up which we feel is the reason women are not happy with government initiatives. We believe government should make some strict laws against women harassment cases and criminals should be punished and Delhi police should become more active and help government implement strict laws

11

Analysis:

70% of total sample size say that they don't carry any pepper spray, chilly powder or anything for their protection. This shows either the women are careless in taking any measure for their protection or they feel comfortable and don't like to carry in self defense, to be on a safer side and avoid any wrong situation, women must carry a pepper spray. It is easily available and allowed at all the public places.

Analysis:

Around 90% of women say that they know no martial arts. In a city like Delhi where Government, Film Stars and other important persons are taking initiatives, women aren't interested in learning Martial Arts. Even Delhi Government has taken an initiative to teach Martial Arts to women for their safety and self-defence in public and other places. So i would suggest that one must utilize these programmes for their benefit.

12

ANALYSIS (by considering two factors at a time)

Age Groups Vs most unsafe Public areas:

Analysis:In the above figure, given data shows that women of age group 18 to 30 years feel most insecure while travelling through public transports. Out of 28, 15 women of this category found public transport as most unsafe place in Delhi. Age group 30 to 40 years’ women also feel unsafe in public transport as well as on roads. Out of 50, 8 women belong to the age group of 40 years and above, who are facing the same problem while travelling through public transports. Hence we can conclude that out of total sample size of 50, 25 women found public transport as most unsafe place whereas parks and shopping malls are comparatively less unsafe. To reduce the crime, security should be tight in public transports, strict rules should be there. More security cameras can be installed.

13

Analysis of Location Vs Timings:

Analysis:Given data shows, 40% women feel more insecure at 10pm to 12am, hence police need to be more alert at this timing, more women police are needed. Women welfare centers can be open at each location

14

Location and Preference of Public Transport:

Analysis: In Delhi, metros are most preferred public transport. It is cheaper than other public transports and very frequent. But from above analysis we have concluded that public transports are very unsafe for women, hence women need to be more careful and alert when they are in metro. Also police should implement strict laws. Metro police are also required inside each metro for the surveillance, as CCTV are not enough to avoid crime.

15

RECOMMENDATIONS

With the help of the data collected from the 50 respondents, we were able to point out the various suggestions given for increasing the safety of women: -

There should be an increase in the police patrolling. They should be an increase in the number of cops in the cities.

Register FIRs in all cases of rape, sexual harassment and other crimes against women. Prosecute cops found persuading women to drop such complaints.

Awareness drives should be set up make the women learn to fight back.

The government should formulate more stringent rules and regulations. The criminals should be penalised heavily.

All public transport must be on GPS, install CCTVs on buses, make drivers and helpers/conductors wear non-tamper able photo IDs, create common database accessible by police and other enforcement agencies.

Every bus should have a few panic buttons which alerts the police control room so as to run to a lady in distress.

Airport, railway and bus stations need special focus, especially during odd hours. Also, special fares for taxis etc should be enforced. Otherwise affordability factor might prevent them from opting to a better mode of safety. Vanitha autos also play a critical role and therefore there is a need observed for more number and visibility of Mahila auto rickshaws and taxis across the cities. Nevertheless, the safety for women auto drivers should also be given importance whilst they protect others.

Strengthening of the public transport system: This safety measure is a multi pronged approach and applies to autos, taxis, buses etc. Buses with surveillance cameras (minimum of two cameras) and woman conductors or guards will instill a sense of confidence and safety for women (MDTS AND IP CAMERAS). This is not only during nights but also during day time.

Private buses and autos should be brought under this ambit and be under the GPS system. And specific regard at nights (evening 6p.m to midnight) and early morning (from 4 a.m.).

There should be special buses (Private and public) with good connectivity among the different routes. This can also be connected to Vanitha police stations.

16

CONCLUSIONS

In this project we were able to critically analyze the safety of women in the public places i.e., public transport and markets, we also conducted the conclusive, descriptive and cross-sectional market research to understand the perspective of the targeted segment i.e. the women. We used various statistical methods for the in depth data analysis, and were able to come up with suitable recommendations to increase the safety of women. We thoroughly enjoyed the tasks assigned to us during this module. This coursework enabled us to gain knowledge not only about Marketing Research and its components, but also gave us an insight to the real life experiences of strategy planning, data analysis and customer feedback.

17

APPENDIX 1

Women Safety Survey (Questionnaire)

Q1. What time of the day women feel is most unsafe?A. Public transportB. Shopping mallsC. Parks D. Roads Ans. ___

Q2. At what time of the day you feel insecure while travelling?

A. 6pm to 10 pmB. 10pm to 12amC. After 12amD. No difference

Q3. Do you feel safe, staying alone in budget hotels?A. YesB. NoC. Depends on locationD. Doesn’t matter

Ans. ___

Q4. Which public transport you prefer? A. CabsB. MetroC. AutoD. Bus E. Depends on time.

Ans. 1. ___, 2. ___, 3. ___, 4. ___

Q5. Would you prefer a woman cab driver? (if you use cabs, then answer)A. YesB. NoC. Doesn’t matterD. Depends on time

Ans. ___Q6. Carpooling is safe or not? (if you use cabs, then answer)

18

A. YesB. NoC. May beD. Depends on time

Q7. According to you, to what extent the women safety apps are helpful?A. Strongly agreeB. Agree C. No changeD. DisagreeE. Strongly disagree

Q8. Are you satisfied with government initiatives for women safety?A. Strongly agreeB. AgreeC. Disagree D. Strongly disagree

Q9. Do you carry something (like pepper spray, chilli powder etc.) for your safety?A. YesB. No

Q10. Do you know any martial art technique for your safety?A. YesB. No

Q11. What suggestions would you like to give to increase the safety of women in the public places which really need to be initiated?

Ans.____________________________________________________

19

APPENDIX 2

(Customer Reviews Online)

20

21

22

References

Prof. Smitha Girija and Prof. Shruti Jolly General Public i.e., women segment Friends Course pack of Module “Business Research Methods”

23