EARTH SCIENCE

What are the four basic areas of Earth Science?

Life SCIENCEs

physical SCIENCEs

EARTH SCIENCE

Has anyone been able to reach the core of the earth?

How were scientists able to study the earth’s interior?

Is it really important for us to know what’s happening in the interior of the Earth? Why or why not?

EARTH’s INTERIOR

Q1.The core of the Earth is made up almost completely of which element?

A. IronB. GraniteC. SulfurD. Calcium

earthscience: LAYERS OF THE EARTH

Q2.Which layer of the earth is the thickest?

A. CoreB. CrustC. MantleD. All of them have the same thickness

earthscience: LAYERS OF THE EARTH

Q3.Which layer of the Earth is liquid?

A. CrustB. Outer CoreC. Inner CoreD. Lithosphere

earthscience: LAYERS OF THE EARTH

Fact toknow!• Earthquakes occur when heat travels

through the mantle and causes tectonic plates to shift.

earthscience: LAYERS OF THE EARTH

• Extreme pressure causes the inner core of the Earth to remain solid.

• The crust of the Earth is much cooler than its other layers.

• The Earth’s mantle is flexible and shifts under heavy loads.

earthscience: LAYERS OF THE EARTH

How does the interior of the Earth look like?

It has differentlayers.

CRUST

OUTER CORE

INNER CORE

MANTLEOCEANIC

CRUST

CONTINENTALCRUST

1st Layer:Crust

Give a description of the crust.

? ? Crust

oceanic ? Crust

oceanic continental Crust

oceanic continental Crust

Made of basaltic rocksThinner compared to continental crustHeavier than continental crust

oceanic continental Crust

Made of granitic rocksThicker compared to oceanic crust

Lighter than oceanic crust

The crust of the Earth is broken into many pieces called …

plates

plates

The crust of the Earth is broken into many pieces called ….

Lithospheric Plates

What’s the behavior of the plates?

plates

plates

They are in constant motion.

plates

plates

What makes them move?

plates

plates

CRUST

OUTER CORE

INNER CORE

MANTLEOCEANIC

CRUST

CONTINENTALCRUST

2nd Layer:Mantle

Describe the

Mantle.

The crust and the upper layer of the mantle together make up a zone of rigid, brittle rock called the Lithosphere..

The layer below the rigid lithosphere is a zone of asphalt-like consistency called

the

The layer below the rigid lithosphere is a zone of asphalt-like consistency called

the Asthenosphere.

The asthenosphere is the semi-rigid part of the middle mantle that flows.

The boundary between the crust and the mantle is called the...

Lower mantle

MohorovicicDiscontinuity

Astheno-sphere

The boundary between the crust and the mantle is called the Mohorovicic (Moho) discontinuity.

Is the temperature

all over the mantle

the same or constant?

NO

Convection Currents

When the convection

currents flow in the

asthenosphere they also move

the crust.

3rd Layer:

Core

Core

?

?CORE

INNER

OUTER

CORE

INNERCORE

OUTERCORE

Descriptions

INNERCORE

OUTERCORE

Outer core

The boundary between the outer core and the mantle is called Gutenberg Discontinuity.

Gutenberg discontinuit

y

INNERCORE

OUTERCORE

Made of molten metals.Consists mostly of nickel and iron.

INNERCORE

OUTERCORE

Inner Core

What is the inner

core made of?

INNERCORE

OUTERCORE

Made of compacted metals.Consists mostly of iron.

Q. Why is the inner core

solid despite its extremely

high temperature?

69

Answer.

• Extremely high pressure as well. The melting point of iron increases a lot under very very high pressure.

• And therefore it is in solid state whereas outer core is in liquid state

The complexities we see on the surface of the Earth provide a very thin slice, a shallow glimpse of what lies beneath. How is this similar to humans?

Thank You