What are the four basic areas of Earth Science?
Life SCIENCEs
physical SCIENCEs
EARTH SCIENCE
Has anyone been able to reach the core of the earth?
How were scientists able to study the earth’s interior?
Is it really important for us to know what’s happening in the interior of the Earth? Why or why not?
Q1.The core of the Earth is made up almost completely of which element?
A. IronB. GraniteC. SulfurD. Calcium
earthscience: LAYERS OF THE EARTH
Q2.Which layer of the earth is the thickest?
A. CoreB. CrustC. MantleD. All of them have the same thickness
earthscience: LAYERS OF THE EARTH
Q3.Which layer of the Earth is liquid?
A. CrustB. Outer CoreC. Inner CoreD. Lithosphere
earthscience: LAYERS OF THE EARTH
Fact toknow!• Earthquakes occur when heat travels
through the mantle and causes tectonic plates to shift.
earthscience: LAYERS OF THE EARTH
• Extreme pressure causes the inner core of the Earth to remain solid.
• The crust of the Earth is much cooler than its other layers.
• The Earth’s mantle is flexible and shifts under heavy loads.
earthscience: LAYERS OF THE EARTH
How does the interior of the Earth look like?
It has differentlayers.
CRUST
OUTER CORE
INNER CORE
MANTLEOCEANIC
CRUST
CONTINENTALCRUST
Give a description of the crust.
oceanic continental Crust
oceanic continental Crust
Made of basaltic rocksThinner compared to continental crustHeavier than continental crust
oceanic continental Crust
Made of granitic rocksThicker compared to oceanic crust
Lighter than oceanic crust
The crust of the Earth is broken into many pieces called …
plates
plates
The crust of the Earth is broken into many pieces called ….
Lithospheric Plates
What’s the behavior of the plates?
plates
plates
They are in constant motion.
plates
plates
What makes them move?
plates
plates
CRUST
OUTER CORE
INNER CORE
MANTLEOCEANIC
CRUST
CONTINENTALCRUST
Describe the
Mantle.
The crust and the upper layer of the mantle together make up a zone of rigid, brittle rock called the Lithosphere..
The layer below the rigid lithosphere is a zone of asphalt-like consistency called
the
The layer below the rigid lithosphere is a zone of asphalt-like consistency called
the Asthenosphere.
The asthenosphere is the semi-rigid part of the middle mantle that flows.
The boundary between the crust and the mantle is called the...
Lower mantle
MohorovicicDiscontinuity
Astheno-sphere
The boundary between the crust and the mantle is called the Mohorovicic (Moho) discontinuity.
Is the temperature
all over the mantle
the same or constant?
NO
Convection Currents
When the convection
currents flow in the
asthenosphere they also move
the crust.
INNERCORE
OUTERCORE
Descriptions
INNERCORE
OUTERCORE
The boundary between the outer core and the mantle is called Gutenberg Discontinuity.
Gutenberg discontinuit
y
INNERCORE
OUTERCORE
Made of molten metals.Consists mostly of nickel and iron.
INNERCORE
OUTERCORE
What is the inner
core made of?
INNERCORE
OUTERCORE
Made of compacted metals.Consists mostly of iron.
Q. Why is the inner core
solid despite its extremely
high temperature?
69
Answer.
• Extremely high pressure as well. The melting point of iron increases a lot under very very high pressure.
• And therefore it is in solid state whereas outer core is in liquid state
The complexities we see on the surface of the Earth provide a very thin slice, a shallow glimpse of what lies beneath. How is this similar to humans?