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Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing in Medicine: A Surgeons
Perspective
Nirav A. Shah, MD Parkview Orthopaedic Group
Palos Heights, IL Orthopaedic Surgery, Sports Medicine,
Arthroscopy and Shoulder Arthroplasty
OMTEC Chicago, IL June 15, 2016
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The Additive Manufacturing Revolution
AM technologies build 3D objects by adding material
layer-by-layer
More freedom to design and innovate
Support of green manufacturing initiatives less waste, less
storage if products
can be made as needed
Product optimization more efficient and less costly
Customized parts fabricated fast
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Additive Manufacturing
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The fabrication of objects through the deposition of a material
using a print head, nozzle, or another printer technology. -
ASTM
3D-PRINTING:
Process of joining materials to make objects from 3D model data,
usually layer upon layer, as opposed to subtractive manufacturing
methodologies. -ASTM
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING:
Thus, all 3D-Printing is Additive Manufacturing, but not all
Additive Manufacturing is 3D-Printing
Additive Manufacturing
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Additive Manufacturing
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Material Deposition (3D-Printing) Energy Beam Fusion
(Additive Manufacturing, but not 3D-Printing)
Additive Manufacturing
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Energy-Based Deposition-Based
Laser or Electron Beam Sintering/Melting
Stereolithography Or Direct Light Projection
Fused Deposition Modeling
Direct Extrusion (AKA: Direct Ink
Writing, Direct Write Assembly,
Robocasting), Bioprinting
Requires Powder Bed or Liquid Reservoir (not Solid Free-Form
Fabrication)
Self-Supporting Materials Upon Deposition (Solid Free-Form
Fabrication in most cases)
Additive Manufacturing
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AM in Medicine: Patient Specific Implants and Surgical
Guides
www.depuysynthes.com
www.piedmontorthocomplex.com
www.biomet.com
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AM Printing in Medicine: Surgical Training
http://www.merckmanuals.com
Atresia and Fistula: Defects in the Esophagus
Just-in-time training Patient-specific
practice before rare or high risk operations
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3D Printing for Tissue Regeneration
CAD Model
Final Object
Slice
Layer thickness dependent on material
and nozzle type Assign Micropore Structure
Pore architecture is designed to be relevant to particular
cell/tissue/organ type
Custom or obtained from a 3D scan
Bioplot
Material Ink Preparation
Parameters used for bioplotting are highly material dependent
and must be
optimized for each material
Varies greatly depending on material. Inks must meet
certain criteria for bioplotting
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SURGEON PERSPECTIVE
Improved Clinical Outcomes
Surgical Efficiency
Error Reduction
Ease of Use (Software, Planning)
Cost Value Based Medicine
Marketing
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SURGEON PERSPECTIVE
Biologics Incorporation
Biomaterials
Orthopaedic Surgery Tissue Healing Tissue Regeneration Making
Complex Cases Less Complex
Effort Reduction Value Based Medicine
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SURGEON PERSPECTIVE HOSPITALS & PAYERS
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Tissues and organs widely vary in composition, structure, and
function
Mechels et al., Science 2012
Current State of 3D Biomaterials Future State of 3D Biomaterials
Independently
developed, one-for-one biomaterials
Comprehensively developed biomaterial
systems/classes/groups for tuning mechanical, biological
properties
Advancing the Field of 3D Biomaterial Printing R.N. Shah.
Biomedical Materials; Special Edition. 11(1) 2016
Creating Better Tissue and Organ Mimics with 3D Printing
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90-95 wt.% Hydroxyapatit
e
Highly elastic despite being majority ceramic
Prof. Ramille Shah Tissue Engineering and Additive
Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab Northwestern University
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Surgeon Perspective on Additive
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Online closing side OMTEC 2016 speaker presentationsOMTEC 2016
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