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euroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

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Page 1: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of anAnterior Segment Surgeon

Gerhard K. Lang

Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of Ulm

Page 2: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of anAnterior Segment Surgeon

Gerhard K. Lang

Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of Ulm

Page 3: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Eye -and Brain - Entertainment

„Do not trust your eyes!“

REM

Page 4: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Optical Illusions and

visual Phenomena:

Illusion and Reality

Salvadore Dali 1904-89

Gala looking into the Mediterranean Sea

Effect:“Lincoln Illusion“ („block masking“) Harmon LD & Julesz B (1973). Masking in visual recognition: Effects of two-dimensional filtered noise. Science 180:1194–1197

Page 5: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Ambiguous pictures

Reversible goblet – Edgar J. Rubin

Page 6: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Reversible goblet – Edgar J. Rubin

Ambiguous pictures

Effect: rival-schemata ambiguity

Page 7: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Rabbit and Duck

Ambiguous pictures

Effect: rival-schemata ambiguity

Page 8: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Effect: rival-schemata ambiguity

Page 9: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Effect: rival-schemata ambiguity

Page 10: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Sigmund Freud, Neurologist, 1856-1939

Page 11: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Kanisza figure (Gaetano Kanisza)

Effect: subjective or illusory contours

Congnitive- / Gestalt Field

Page 12: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Effect: subjective or illusory contours

Page 13: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Effect: subjective or illusory contours

Page 14: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Size Illusions

Original: Müller-Lyer Illusion

Page 15: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

St Michael's Hill, Bristol, England

Effect: „Bristol Café wall Illusion“

This illusion demonstrates the effect of some simple image processing occurring at the retina combined with some complex processing in the cortical cells of the striate cortex.

Page 16: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Geometric- & Angle Illusion

Gregory RL & Heard P (1979) Border locking and the Café Wall illusion. Perception 8:365–380

The apparent tilt of the mortar linesis caused by orientation-sensitive simple cells in the striate cortex.

Page 17: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

The cushion Illusion

This drawing consists solely of rectangles and squares, set straight and true; the curvature is all in your mind.

Akiyoshi Kitaoka 1998

Page 18: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm
Page 19: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm
Page 20: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Petersdom, Fassade von C. Maderno 1607-1612

Page 21: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Fraser`s Spiral („Twisted Cord Illusion“)

Fraser J (1908) A New Visual Illusion of Direction.Brit J Psych 2:307-320

Page 22: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Drawing hands, Tekenen – M.C. EscherMaurits Cornelius Escher, Niederlande 1898-1972The magic mirror of M.C. Escher

Effect: Impossible objects

Page 23: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

BelvédèreM.C. Escher 1958

Page 24: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm
Page 25: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

The Pool

David MacDonald

Page 26: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

The Terrace

David MacDonald

Page 27: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Pergola, Istvan Orosz, Hungary 1951

www.utiz.net

Page 28: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm
Page 29: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Hidden Images

Worth1000.com

Page 30: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

„The Face in the Beans“

Furitsu (2002) photoshop contestWorth1000.com Effect: „one shot learning“

Page 31: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Dallenbach`s figure

Page 32: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Dallenbach`s figure

Page 33: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Dallenbach`s figure

Page 34: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Adelson`s „Checker-shadow illusion“

Adelson EH (1993)Perceptual organization andthe judgment of brightness.Science 262:2042-2044

Luminance & Contrast

Page 35: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm
Page 36: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm
Page 37: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Hermann Grid Illusion Luminance & Contrast

Hermann L (1870) Eine Erscheinung simultanen Contrastes. Pflügers Archiv für die gesamte Physiologie 3:13–15

Page 38: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Scintillating Grid

Schrauf M, Lingelbach B, Wist E.(1997) The scintillating grid illusion. Vision Res 37:1033-1038

Luminance & Contrast

Page 39: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Rotating Snake Illusion

Kitaoka A, Ashida H (2003) Phenomenal characteristics of the peripheral drift illusion.VISION 15:261-262

Effect: Illusory motion

Page 40: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Enigma

This image „The Enigma“ is by Isia Leviant (1984)

Effect: Illusory visual motion

Page 41: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm
Page 42: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

final test

10 seconds concentration

Where is the giraffe ?

Page 43: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm
Page 44: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

Department of Ophthalmology

Thank you for your

attention !

City Center of Ulm

Page 45: Neuroophthalmology from the Perspective of an Anterior Segment Surgeon Gerhard K. Lang Department of Ophthalmology University of Ulm

World Ophthalmology Congress6 –10 June 2010Berlin Germany

www.woc2010.de