WEATHER

Motivation :

TABLE OF CONTENTS

IntroductionWeather

ClimateMeasuring a Weather

Tropical CyclonePubic Storm Warning Signals

The Sun shines more directly near the equator bringing these areas more warmth. However, the polar regions are at such an angle to the Sun that they get is little or no sunlight during the winter, causing colder temperatures. These differences in temperature create a restless movement of air and water in great swirling currents to distribute heat energy from the Sun across the planet.

Introduction

When air in one region is warmer than the surrounding air, it becomes less dense and begins to rise, drawing more air in underneath. Elsewhere, cooler denser air sinks, pushing air outward to flow along the surface and complete the cycle.

What is WEATHER?

• the hour to hour, day to day change in the atmosphere.

What is CLIMATE?

• the average weather conditions of a place taken over a long time.

> The difference between weather and climate is a

measure of time.

How do we measure weather?

Cloud CoverTemperature

SunshineWind

Air PressurePrecipitation

Measuring a Weather

Cloud cover

> Cloud cover is measured just by using our eyes.

Cumulus Clouds

are the puffy clouds that look like puffs of cotton. Cumulus clouds that do not get very tall are indicators of fair weather. If they do grow tall, they can turn into thunderstorms. The bottom of cumulus clouds are fairly close to the ground.

Status Clouds

look like flat sheets of clouds. These clouds can mean an overcast day or steady rain. They may stay in one place for several days.

Cirrus Clouds

are high feathery clouds. They are up so high they are actually made of ice particles. They are indicators of fair weather when they are scattered in a clear blue sky.

TEMPERATURE

> is measured using maximum - minimum

thermometers

A WEATHER THERMOMETER

SUNSHINE

> The total amount of sunshine in a day is measured using a sunshine

recorder.

Camp-Strokes Sunshine Recorder

The sun’s rays travel through the glass ball and burn marks onto the card behind it.

AIR PRESSURE

> Air pressure is measured using a

barometer and recorded using a barograph .

Barometer

Precipitation

> Precipitation is any moisture that comes from the

atmosphere(rain, snow, hail).

RAIN GUAGEThe amount of

precipitation is measured using a rain gauge .

WIND

Wind is measured in two ways with two instruments:

– Wind Vane – Anemometer

Wind VaneWind Direction

Anemometer

Wind Speed

TROPICAL CYCLONE

A Tropical Cyclone (known as “Bagyo” in the Philippines) is the global generic term for an intense circulating weather system over

tropical seas and oceans.

Tropical Cyclone

TOPICAL CYCLONE CATEGORY

There are four (4) classifications of tropical cyclone based mainly on its

strength or maximum sustained winds (based on 1-minute or 10-minute

average):*Tropical Depression

*Tropical Storm*Typhoon

*Super Typhoon

*Tropical Depression-Have a maximum sustained winds of between 35 KPH and 64 KPH near the center

*Tropical Storm

- Have a maximum sustained winds of between 65 KPH and 118 KPH near the center

*Typhoon-Have a maximum sustained winds of between 19 to 200 KPH near the center

*Super Typhoon

-Have a maximum sustained winds greater than 200 KPH

PUBLIC STORM WARNING SIGNALS

Signal #1

>>It has a wind of 30-60 kph may be expected in at least 36 hours or intermittent rains may be expected within 36 hours.>>twigs and branches of small trees may be broken .

PUBLIC STORM WARNING SIGNALS

Signal #2

>> It has a wind of greater than60-and up to 100 kph may be expected in at least 24 hours>>Some coconut trees may be tilted with few others broken . Few big trees may be uprooted.

Signal #3

>>It has a wind of greater than 100 kph up to 185 kph may be expected in at least 18 hours.>>Majority of all nipa and cogon houses may be unroofed or destroyed and there may be considerable damage to structures of light to medium construction.

PUBLIC STORM WARNING SIGNALS

PUBLIC STORM WARNING SIGNALS

Signal #4

>>It has a very strong winds of more than185 kph may be expected in at least 12 hours>>Most residential and institutional buildings of mixed construction may be severely damaged

QUOTATION:

“Climate is what you expect; Weather is what

you get."