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A modal verb (also modal, modal auxiliary verb, modal auxiliary) is a type of auxiliary verb that is used to
indicate modality – that is, likelihood, ability, permission, and obligation.
MODAL VERBS
Long-term Goal
CAN
Ability Permission Request/Offer
CAN'T
Lack of ability/possibility Negative deduction Prohibition
Fulfilling Customer Needs
Ask me a question !
Make sentences ! What do the signs show?
Summarize the special features and advantages of the product being introduced
Could
Ability in the past Possibility Condition Permission Polite request Suggestion
Next Steps of Action
Role Play between you and your teacher! Ask for help politely!
May/Might
Possibility Request/Permission
In which case would you use each example?
Will
Prediction Spontaneous decision Request Threat Promise
Make predictions !
It's raining ! So...?
Role play between a mother and a child !
What is the kitten doing?
How can you ask someone to be patient?
Would
Request Past habit (not used with stative verbs) Condition
Examples
Would you please close the door for me? It's too cold in here !
Every winter I would go skiing with Penny. I would come to your house if I wasn't/weren't sick.
BE CAREFUL!
Every winter I would go skiing with Penny.
BUT NOT
Every winter I would have a cold.
Would is only used for past actions not past situations/states.
Should/ought to
Advice/Recommendation
e.g. You should/ought to go to the doctor today.
Give advice !
Must
Obligation Positive conclusion
Examples
My mother says I must tidy my room. They must be at home right now.
They 've just finished school. How do they feel? Guess!
What does the sign show?
Mustn't
Prohibition (stricter than can't)
e.g. You mustn't be late !
You thought there wasn't such a sign? What does it show?
Shall (+I, we)
Suggestion Offer of help
e.g. Shall we go to the cinema tonight?
Shall I help you carry these boxes?
Make requests or ask for permission with the modals given or add your own ones!