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Allan B. de Guzman, Ph.D. 2011 Metrobank Foundation Outstanding Teacher
2014 Australian Awards Fellow [email protected]
as a way of life mbracing research e
in Library and Information Science
Project Management Skills
THE 21ST CENTURY LIBRARIAN
Ability to question
and evaluate library services
Farkas, M. (2006)
Ability to evaluate the
needs of all
stakeholders
THE 21ST CENTURY LIBRARIAN
Ability to translate
traditional library
services into the
online medium Farkas, M. (2006)
Critical of
technologies and
ability to compare technologies
THE 21ST CENTURY LIBRARIAN
Farkas, M. (2006)
ISOMIMETIC MORPHISM
(Dimaggio & Powell, 1993)
In order for newer colleges/universities to be able to compete with the older
universities with well-established research administration they have to rely on the experiences of the older universities to
guide their own developments.
How many of our Filipino librarians who have acquired advanced
degrees can be be considered as
“sleeping giants?
According to Fox (2001)
Women’s lower productivity relative to men’s is critical to study not only because of the size and persistence of the gap but also because other forms of gender inequality are perpetuated by it.
Nota Bene:
The larger gender difference in productivity documented by Cole and Zuckerman (1984) has not disappeared in recent years (Fox, 2005; Long 1992; Long, Allison, and McGinnis, 1993; Prpic, 2002; Xie & Shauman, 1998)
The cycle starts with
sending out an explorer, in
his ship fully loaded with
equipment, bearing a
mission of drawing a
complete map of the
remote land.
LATOUR’S CYCLE OF ACCUMULATION
The explorer arrives in a
remote land, meets with native
people, draws a map on
notebooks and sketchbooks,
leaves the remote land, and
finally returns to the
metropolitan center with a map
in his hand.
LATOUR’S CYCLE OF ACCUMULATION
The next explorer is sent
out, this time not only
with ships and
equipment but also with
maps drawn from the
previous expedition.
LATOUR’S CYCLE OF ACCUMULATION
He comes back with
another, arguably
better, map. A new
map is added to the
existing piles of maps
LATOUR’S CYCLE OF ACCUMULATION
Latour argues. It doesn’t’
have to be people that are
sent to draw maps or to
“bring the lands back” to
the center, and an
expedition is not the only
type of the cycles of
accumulation.
LATOUR’S CYCLE OF ACCUMULATION
Generating New Ideas
Generating New
Practices
Generating New
Products
Generating New
Business
Processes Leading to Innovation Dennis Tsichritzis
Top 10 Philippines institutions by article output
(So
urc
e: T
ho
mso
n R
eute
rs W
eb o
f Sc
ien
ce)
Rank Institution Number of
Articles 2011
1 UNIVERSITY PHILIPPINES 192
2 INTERNATIONAL RICE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
123
3 University Philippines Los Banos 98
4 De la Salle University 68
5 Asian Development Bank 47
6 University Philippines Diliman 38
7 University Santo Tomas 31
8 Asian Fisheries Development Center
24
9 Ateneo Manila Univ 22
10 University San Carlos 19
Allan B. de Guzman, Ph.D. 2011 Metrobank Foundation Outstanding Teacher
2014 Australian Awards Fellow [email protected]
as a way of life mbracing research e
in Library and Information Science
Allan B. de Guzman, Ph.D. 2011 Metrobank Foundation Outstanding Teacher
2014 Australian Awards Fellow [email protected]
cholarship Librarians as Digital Curators
Energy under normal
conditions
cannot be created or
destroyed,
simply transformed from one
type of energy to another
“For years the librarian was the portal to
information; now the computer is the portal.
Librarians need to find ways to help people
discriminate between the sources of
information and find the best ways to
search.”
”
THE BASIC TECHNICAL COMPETENCIES FOR TODAY’S LIBRARIANS
Ability to embrace
change.
Farkas, M. (2006)
1
THE BASIC TECHNICAL COMPETENCIES FOR TODAY’S LIBRARIANS
Comfort in the
online medium
Farkas, M. (2006)
2
THE BASIC TECHNICAL COMPETENCIES FOR TODAY’S LIBRARIANS
Ability to
troubleshoot new
technologies Farkas, M. (2006)
3
THE BASIC TECHNICAL COMPETENCIES FOR TODAY’S LIBRARIANS
Ability to easily
learn new
technologies
Farkas, M. (2006)
4
THE BASIC TECHNICAL COMPETENCIES FOR TODAY’S LIBRARIANS
Ability to keep up with
new technology and
librarianship Farkas, M. (2006)
5
“our great universities are losing
their library buying power, and
none of these historical sources of
revenue can keep up with the increases in cost.”
“Libraries clearly will not scale into the 21st
century using the current model. We must
develop new paradigm that meets the
economic parameters of our institutions, and
yet still supports the traditional values of libraries and scholarship”
“A commonly discussed solution to
these problems is to move to an
electronic model where information
access—rather than ownership—is the
defining characteristics of a quality library. ”
4th Rizal Library International Conference on Library Spaces: Building Effective and Sustainable Physical and Virtual Libraries
25th to 26th October 2010 Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines
2010
Libraries are at a critical point due to dramatic and rapid technological advances and the incredible increase of digital information– either born digital or created via mass digitization (Kim, Warga, & Moen 2012)
Digital libraries and digital repositories are the focus of many libraries, especially academic and research libraries (Kim, Warga & Moen, 2012)
There are 8! (40,320) ways to arrange the corner cubes. There are 12!/2 (239,500,800) ways to arrange the edges
Eleven edges can be flipped independently, with the flip of the twelfth depending on the preceding ones, giving 211 (2,048) possibilities.
Sustaining Innovations Are innovations that are
sufficiently congruent with existing systems that they
have little impact on either the structure or culture of
the library
Disruptive Innovations Are innovations that require
dramatic alterations in both the structure and the culture of the
library
Involve alteration of roles, rules and relationship
WHAT DO SCHOLARS DO?
Conceptualise a worthy
idea Design a protocol to
achieve the purpose of a
scholarly endeavor
Gather the needed data
to support the argument
WHAT DO SCHOLARS DO?
Analyse and interpret
the gathered data
Develop sound
conclusions
Communicate the
results of the scholarly
work
QUESTION
At the time you were writing your thesis/dissertation with whom did you communicate the progress of your work?
QUESTION
Did you find it very helpful talking to and consulting with people when developing your paper?
QUESTION
Have you ever tried sharing your thesis in more open but still targeted environment like conferences and seminars?
QUESTION
Have you ever tried posting your paper drafts in your personal websites, preprint servers and working paper repositories (ArXiv, SSRN, Cogprints and RePEc)?
QUESTION
Have you ever tried submitting your work for scholarly publication in a reputable journal in the discipline while posting simultaneously an unpublished version of the article or pre-publication work?
QUESTION
Have you ever tried having your work included in a monograph published by a prestigious press?
(Borgman et al 2008)
Network Mediated Symbol
Mediated
Communication Mediated
Culturally Mediated
Cyberinfrastructure Mediated
QUESTION
If universities are places of scholars and for scholars, how is/should communication of scholarship done and facilitated?
QUESTION
If university libraries are repository of scholarly communication, what technological advances mediate communication between and among scholars?
is the term given to describe a second generation of the World Wide Web that is focused on the ability for people to collaborate and share information online.
A group of new Web-based information tools and services—such as social networking sites—that are easy to adopt and use and that enable their users to be producers and publishers rather than just consumers of information (O’Reilly, 2005; Anderson, 2007)
WEB 2.0 brings the promise of enabling researchers to create, annotate, review, re-use and represent information in new ways, and of promoting innovations in scholarly communication practices—e.g. publishing ‘work in progress’ and openly sharing research resources—that will help to realize the e-Research vision of improved productivity and reduced ‘time to discovery’ (Arms & Larsen 2007; Hannay 2009; Hey et al. 2009).
AFFORDANCES OF NEW DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
Locate and access
scholarly resources
Collaborate with other
scholars
(Acord, & Harley, 2012)
THE PROMISING AREA OF NEW MEDIA TECHNOLOGIES
Share and
disseminate one’s
own scholarship
Farkas, M. (2006)
CYBERSHCHOLARSHIP DEFINED
Is the marriage
between high
performance
computing and digital
libraries that can
bring together vast
quantities of material
(Arms, W., 2008)
CYBERSHCHOLARSHIP
In the cyberage,
collections of digital
content and the
software to interpret
them have become
the foundation of
discovery.
(Richardson, 2008)
CYBERSHCHOLARSHIP
When content
becomes
infrastructure, there is
value in investment to
support it.
(Richardson, 2008)
CYBERSHCHOLARSHIP
The preservation and
organization of information
for new forms of
scholarship enable others
to discover unexpected and
novel associations without
having to replicate the
primary data
(Richardson, 2008)
SOME FUTURE TRENDS
In future, text/data
needs to be in
formats that support
machine processing
(e.g. XML or
Xtensible Markup
Language rather than PDF
(Richardson, 2008)
THE PROBLEM IN CYBERSCHOLARSHIP
The apathy of the academic,
scientific and information
communities coupled with
the indifference or even
active hostility and greed of
many publishers renders
literature-data-driven science
still inaccessible
(Richardson, 2008)
EXAMPLE OF CYBERSCHOLARSHIP AT THE MACRO LEVEL
The National Virtual
Observatory
Its goal is to bring together previously disjoint sets of astronomical data, in particular digital sky surveys that have made observations at various wavelengths. Important astronomical results that are not observable in a single dataset can be revealed by combined analysis of data from these different surveys.
ENTREZ
Entrez provides a unified view of biomedical information from a wide variety of sources including the PubMed citations and abstracts, the Medical Subject Headings, full text of journal articles and books, databases such as the protein sequence database and Genbank, and computer programs such as the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) for comparing gene and protein sequences.
EXAMPLE OF CYBERSCHOLARSHIP AT THE MACRO LEVEL
QUESTION
At the institutional level, what emerging role should librarians play in a digital library environment?
DIGITAL CURATION
Involves maintaining,
preserving and adding value
to digital research data throughout its life cycle.
(Digital Curation Centre, n.d.)
IN THE CONTEXT OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIES
THE THREE MAIN POTENTIAL ROLES
1. Increasing data awareness among researchers
2. Providing archiving and preservation
services for data within the institution
through institutional repositories
(Swan & Brown, 2008)
IN THE CONTEXT OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIES
THE THREE MAIN POTENTIAL ROLES
3. Developing a new professional
practice in the form of data
librarianship
(Swan & Brown, 2008)
THE CURRENT ISSUE
A report published by the
Association of Research Libraries
indicated gaps in academic libraries
in terms of appropriately trained
information professionals able to act
on opportunities for supporting cyberscholarship.
(Soehner, Steeves & Ward, 2010)
THE FINDINGS
Of the 110 job advertisements
collected, 85% (93 out of 110)
required or preferred an ALA-
accredited Master’s degree as an educational qualification for the job
(Cragin et al, 2009)
WORKING IN AN IT INTENSIVE ENVIRONMENT
Knoweldge of multiple operating systems
and web architectures including Unix/LINUX,
Windows, and LAMP; programing and
scripting (JAVA, PHP, Perl); web
development skills (HTML, CSS), relational
databases (Oracle, MySQL) data analysis
tools (Nvivo, Stata, SAS, SPSS) specifications (SQL, XML, XSLT, DRF, OWL
(Cragin et al, 2009)
STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATION
Familiarity with and knowledge of
various metadata standards, such as
MARC, Dublin Core, METS, MODS,
and PREMIS.
Knowledge of commonly used
repository platforms (Dspace, Eprints and Fedora
(Cragin et al, 2009)
THE CHALLENGE
Some recent articles assert the need
to educate and train library staff if
libraries are to succeed in the areas
of digital curation and data management.
(Ogburn, 2010; Heidorn, 2011)
An institutional repository (IR) collects, preserves, and disseminates in digital form, the intellectual output of an institution.
THE REPOSITORY ENVIRONMENT IN AUSTRALIA
University research increasingly
involves the use, generation,
manipulation, sharing and analysis
of digital resources. New
paradigms of ICT-enabled research
have become mainstream in all disciplines
SOME TRENDS
The tendency of scholars to sign away all their rights when an article or other content format is published, and the pressure to make research publicly available
THE AMERICAN COUNCIL OF LEARNED SCIENCES (ACLS, 2006)
Recommends that all content be freely available under open access, even if no plan has been put forward for addressing the IP issues surrounding many formats.
JOINT NSF/JISC REPORT (2007)
Projects which use public funds to generate data, etc, have a responsibility to make that information available to other researchers.
THE AUSTRALIAN RESEARCH CUNCIL AND THE NATIONAL HEALTH AND MEDICAL RESEARCH
COUNCIL (2008)
“Any publications arising from a research project will be deposited in an appropriate subject and or institutional repository wherever such a repository is available to the researcher.
provides a simple way to broadly search for scholarly literature. From one place, you can search across many disciplines and sources: articles, theses, books, abstracts and court opinions, from academic publishers, professional societies, online repositories, universities and other web sites. Google Scholar helps you find relevant work across the world of scholarly research
“Yet consistently the literature points to the basic failure to date to embed the institutional repository in the intellectual life of the scholar/researcher.” The ISSUE
“If self-archiving, i.e. relying on academics to either deposit their own works themselves or allocate the task to someone else such as a research assistant, serves as the basis for populating the repository, then this concept/workflow has failed to fulfill initial expectations.”
“The majority of the academic staff felt that they did not have the time to self-deposit, and were particularly unwilling to do this where they had already provided publication details to a departmental administrator.”
“At Curtin University of Technology, an integrator system has been designed and implemented to share data between an institutional eprint repository and a University publications management system..”
GRIFFITH RESEARCH ONLINE
CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS
Harvest content published by Griffith authors and then ask authors for relevant files
GRIFFITH RESEARCH ONLINE
CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS
Allocate one staff member to contact publishers’ permission as well keep abreast of which publishers now allow publisher PDF version
GRIFFITH RESEARCH ONLINE
CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS
Upload files on behalf of the Griffith authors Undertake all copyright checking
GRIFFITH RESEARCH ONLINE
CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS
Provide easy access to a range of statistics relating to each publication by a given author
GRIFFITH RESEARCH ONLINE
CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS
Demonstrate how searching in Google returns an entry in GRO
GRIFFITH RESEARCH ONLINE
CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS
Utilize both marketing and support strategies which are tailored to meet the needs of different “cultures” or disciplines
GRIFFITH RESEARCH ONLINE
CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS
Harvest content published by Griffith authors and then ask authors for relevant files
ASEAN 2015
• human resources development and capacity building
• recognition of professional qualifications • consultation on economic and financial
polices • trade financing • infrastructure and communications
connectivity • electronic transactions through e-ASEAN • industrial integration to promote
regional sourcing • enhancing private sector involvement
for the building of AEC
Infrastructure and communications
connectivity
SOME SITUATIONER
The Philippine school system is said to one of the largest in the world.
2nd Sem
de Guzman, A. B. (2003. The dynamics of educational
reforms in the Philippine basic and higher education
sectors. Asia Pacific Education Review 4(1), 39-505,
133-147 (Springer, The Netherlands)
SOME SITUATIONER
The Philippine higher education system is perhaps one of the most unique systems in the world.
2nd Sem
de Guzman, A. B. (2013). Quality versus access in
expanding higher education. University World News
issue No 284.
COMMON REPOSITORY PLATFORMS
•Archimede, Laval University Library
•DAITSS, Florida Center for Library Automation
COMMON REPOSITORY PLATFORMS
•Dienst, Cornell Digital Library Research Group
•DSpace, DSpace Foundation DuraSpace
COMMON REPOSITORY PLATFORMS
•Enterprise-Wide Digital Repository and Archive, Sun Microsystems
•EPrints Free Software
•ETD-db, Virginia Tech University Libraries
•eXtensible Text Framework (XTF), California Digital Library
COMMON REPOSITORY PLATFORMS
•Fedora, Fedora Commons DuraSpace
•Greenstone, New Zealand Digital Library Project, University of Wankato
•Invenio, CERN Integrated Digital Library System
•IRPlus, University of Rochester.
COMMON REPOSITORY PLATFORMS
•Keystone Digital Library Suite, Index Data. DLS is no" longer being actively developed."
•MOAI. (Can't tell what "MOAI" stands for or who developed it.)
•Omeka, Center for History and New Media, George Mason University
COMMON REPOSITORY PLATFORMS
•OPUS. Originally from the Stuttgart University Library ("OPUS" stands for "Online Publikationsverbund Universität Stuttgart"), OPUS is now developed by a consortium of German university partners in Berlin, Dresden, Saarbrücken, and Stuttgart.
COMMON REPOSITORY PLATFORMS
•Keystone Digital Library Suite, Index Data. DLS is no" longer being actively developed."
•MOAI. (Can't tell what "MOAI" stands for or who developed it.)
•Omeka, Center for History and New Media, George Mason University
COMMON REPOSITORY PLATFORMS
• PubMan. From the eSciDoc project at the Max Planck Society.
•WEKO, National Institute of Informatics
•PeerLibrary, UC Berkeley
IN CONCLUSION
Building content in institutional
repositories is integral to
supporting the future of scholarly
communications and thereby supporting cyberscholarship.
IN CONCLUSION
Cyberscholarhip offers a number
of promises and challenges to
Philippine LIS curriculum and
library staff continuing education program.
IN CONCLUSION
Given the promises and the
challenges of cyberscolarship, the
practice of academic and research
librarianship in the Philippines remains a great work in progress.
“If you want to build a ship,
don’t round up men to get
wood, to perform jobs and
to divide the work, but
teach them the desire for
the wide and endless
sea.”
Antoine de Saint-Exupery Author of the Little Prince
Allan B. de Guzman, Ph.D. 2011 Metrobank Foundation Outstanding Teacher
2014 Australian Awards Fellow [email protected]
cholarship Librarians as Digital Curators