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Moving Towards the Green World – Business Opportunities and Role of Healthcare Industries in
Healthcare Waste Management
Brahadeesh Chandrasekaran
Research Associate, Healthcare
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Brahadeesh Chandrasekaran
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Focus Points
� Healthcare Waste Management - Overview
� Simple but Powerful - Minimising Healthcare Waste
� Environ Share and Care - Environmental Concerns
� EU Directives and Regulations
� Drivers Restraints and Challenges
� Health is Wealth – Business Opportunities and Trends
� Conclusion
Source: Frost and Sullivan
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Healthcare Waste Management - Overview
According to WHO, Healthcare waste (HCW) is defined as the total waste stream from a Healthcare
facility (HCF) that includes sharps, non-sharps, blood, body parts, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, medical
devices and radioactive materials.
In United States of America, hospitals generate approximately 6,600 tons of waste per day. Operating
rooms and labor-and-delivery suites make up 70 percent of total hospital waste.
Why we need effective Healthcare Waste Management?
Reducing the amount of hazardous waste a hospital produces brings many financial, environmental and
health benefits.
Source: Frost and SullivanComposition of Healthcare Wastes in Europe
Municipal71%
Patient Generated
8%
Hazardous2%
Radioactive1%
Infectious17%
Others1%
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Healthcare Waste Management - Overview
How does it work?
� Effective segregation keeps ordinary glass, plastic and paper away from infectious materials, allowing them to be recycled.
� By separating municipal and genuinely infectious waste, hospitals minimise the amount of waste that requires the most expensive forms of treatment.
� Since much infectious waste is incinerated, which pollutes the environment, then segregation reduces a hospital's environmental footprint.
Hospital Waste
Hazardous Non- Hazardous
Infectious
Non- Infectious
Eg: Toxic Chemicals, Radioactive waste
Biodegradable
Eg: Kitchen
Inorganic
Sharps Non-Sharps Recyclable Others
Patient Care Laboratory
Plastics Non-Plastics Specimens Microbiology Lab Waste
Anatomical Parts
Source: Frost and SullivanSegregation of Healthcare Waste
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Simple but Powerful - Minimising Healthcare Waste
Simple Ways to minimise healthcare waste
� Reducing the amount of Resources
� Segregating the Waste
� Recycling
Hospitals are massive resource users, producing tons of waste every day
Wastes of Resources from Budget to Patients
� In a survey around 62% of the surveyed hospitals claimed to segregate the hospital wastes at source.
� However, observations revealed only 30% of the hospitals practice some kind of segregation.
� Alarmingly 62% of what gets buried is recyclable or compostable
Source: Frost and Sullivan
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An Example – Opole Hospital Poland, 2005
� Opole Hospital is a medium-sized regional facility in Poland, with almost 300 beds and 500 staff. Huge spending on treatment of infectious waste.
� Trained 327 employees in waste segregation practice.
� On average, the hospital units reduced infectious waste quantities by 50%.
� Opole saw a 79% reduction in its waste management costs over three years.
Source: Frost and Sullivan
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Environ Share and Care - Environmental Concerns
� Health care facility activities have been estimated to represent 3–8% of the climate change footprint in developed-country settings.
� In an healthcare system, the carbon footprint is accounted by:
• Energy consumption in hospitals, devices etc.
• Transportation – hospital vehicle fleets,
• Waste- Incineration etc
• Water Consumption
• Food Procurement
• Hospital drugs, medical devices procurement
Waste Management is a key to reducing carbon emission
Paper – recycling 1 ton of paper saves 17-24 trees and 7,000 gallons of water. It reduces air pollution by 74% and water pollution by 35%.
Source: Frost and Sullivan
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Environ Share and Care - Leading from the Front
Vienna Hospital Association, Austria
The 14,500-bed hospital group is using green procurement policies
to eliminate PVC from its neonatal departments, is building to green
standards which include saving energy by using natural light and
ventilation, and is serving fresh food made with locally-sourced,
organic ingredients.
Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden.
A comprehensive waste segregation programme minimises
infectious waste, saving money and maximising material
available for recycling; is eliminating PVC, especially in medical
devices used on young children and babies. Karolinska no
longer uses mercury measuring devices, and has a sustainable
food programme delivering healthier, tastier, locally-sourced
meals to patients.Source: Frost and Sullivan
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EU Directives and Regulations
� The EU Directive (2000/76/EC) on Waste Incineration stipulates that
medical waste incinerators are required by law to meet the emission limit for
dioxins and furans set at 0.1 ng TEQ/m3. However, the incinerators in new
European Union member countries and in some Western European
countries fail to adhere to this norm.
� The Basel Convention is a global agreement, ratified by some 160 member
countries to address the problems and challenges posed by hazardous
waste. The primary objective is to minimise the generation of hazardous
wastes in terms of quantity and hazardousness, to dispose of them as close
to the source of generation as possible and to reduce the movement of
hazardous wastes.
� Most European countries are signatories of the Stockholm Conventionwhich requires the countries to eliminate the generation of POPs including
dioxins as by-products from incinerators (Article 5, Appendix C).
� EU Landfill Directive banned the land filling of infectious clinical waste, the
infectious and therefore hazardous waste must be reassigned to a facility
that handles hazardous waste.Source: Frost and Sullivan
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Healthcare Waste Management – Drivers, Restraints and Challenges
Incinerators are expensive and costs are increasing
Increase in volume of medical waste due to factors like increase in population above 65 years (22.4% by 2025, 25% decrease in death rate and 4.3% increase in life expectancy from birth)
To meet the emission limits set by EU Directive, the incineration plants have to be reconstructed or fitted with efficient filters in many cases. This can require an investment of thousands, possibly millions of Euros.
Low Technological advancements
The EU Directives and International conventions will force the countries to adhere to waste management regulations
No perfect readily achievable solution to manage healthcare waste exists.
RestraintsDriversChallenges
Source: Frost and Sullivan
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Health is Wealth – Trends and Business Opportunities
The steps in Healthcare Waste management includes: Generation of a hazardous waste,
Segregation, storage, transport, treatment, reuse, recycling, Recovery and final
disposal.
Business Opportunities
• Increased adoption of New technologies for environmental friendly and efficient waste management (eg. Non-incineration techniques)
• Segregation systems and Services
• Procurement optimisation technologies and systems
• In house/recycling and disposable systems
• Outsourcing opportunities for disposal and recycling healthcare waste
Source: Frost and Sullivan
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Health is Wealth - Some Visible Trends
� Treatment - Alternatives to incineration that are safer, cleaner, effective and less expensive.
Healthcare waste incineration is a leading source of dioxin pollution, one of the most potent
carcinogens known to science. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified
dioxins as a “known human carcinogen”
� Eg. Low-heat thermal process, Chemical processes, Irradiative Processes and Biological
Processes. This further encourages investments in the development of non-incineration-based
medical waste treatment technologies
� Some of the newer technologies include waste-to-energy initiatives through incinerators that
are within emission limits. This not only effectively manages medical waste, but also provides
steam and electricity to the host site. Several companies such as Remondis are combining
initiatives such as waste-to-energy with the treatment of medical waste.
� Disposal - The EU land fill directive eliminated the landfill as a mode of waste management for
medical waste and creates opportunities for investments in alternative means of waste disposal.
Source: Frost and Sullivan
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Conclusion
� Global Market for Medical Waste Treatment, Containment, management
and disposal is estimated to reach $ 2.6 billion by 2012.
� Healthcare Waste Management is gaining importance. For highly
effective healthcare waste management strong control and
understanding of the entire process in required.
� If opportunities doesn’t knock they can be created.
� Healthcare institutions has both health and environmental
responsibilities.
Source: Frost and Sullivan
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Next Steps
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� Join us at our annual Growth, Innovation, and Leadership 2011: A Frost & Sullivan Global Congress on Corporate Growth occurring in London on 17 – 18 May 2011. (www.gil-global.com)
� Register for Frost & Sullivan’s Growth Opportunity Newsletter and keep abreast of innovative growth opportunities (www.frost.com/news)
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For Additional Information
Katja Feick
Corporate Communications
Healthcare
0049 (0) 69 7703343
Siddharth SahaDirector of ResearchHealthcare0044 (0) 207 343 [email protected]
Sowmya Rajagopalan
Program Manager
Healthcare0091 (0) 44 [email protected]
Brahadeesh Chandrasekaran
Research Associate
Healthcare
0091 (0) 44 6160 6666
