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Bones of the Pelvic GirdleE.C. – Movement Analysis• Movement of your choice• 1 pg single-spaced• Points awarded based on accuracy and complexity
Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Pelvis 3 fused bones: the ilium, ischium and
pubis
Sacrum Articulates with the pelvic bone, and is
made up of fused vertebrae
Femur The longest bone in the body
Fusion of these bones
Ilium
Iliac crest ASIS, AIIS, PSIS,
PIIS Iliac fossa
5
Pubis Pubic
symphysis Superior ramus Inferior ramus
7
Ischium
Ischial tuberosity
Ischial spine
Function of Pelvic GirdleIlium, Ischium, and Pubis
Supports BW Serves as the “base” Attachment site of many muscles Efficient movements (LE) Balance & equilibrium
Bones of the Hip Femur
Proximal end Head Neck Trochanters
Acetabulum Acetabulofem
oral joint Obturator
foramen
Acetabulofemoral joint
Pubic Symphisis
Sacroiliac Joints
Head
Neck
Greater trochanter
Lesser trochanter
Gluteal tuberosity
Pelvic Girdle Joints1. Pubic symphysis
Pubis & pubis
2. Sacroilliac joint Sacrum & ilium
Lumbosacral joint Lumbar & Sacrum
Sacrococcygeal joint
Sacroiliac Joint
Slightly moveable Transmits BW to
pelvis Subject to loads (GRF)
Strongest ligaments in body
Movement varies due to sex & individual diff
Sacroiliac Joint: Sex Differences
Males Thicker &
stronger ligaments
No mobility Females
More mobility & laxity
Monthly hormones impact laxity
Sacroiliac (SI) Joint
Pelvic Girdle Motions
• Anterior rotation
• Movement of the upper pelvis in anterior
fashion; the iliac crest tilts forward (anterior
tilt). Trunk extension, hip flexion
• Posterior rotation
• Movement of the upper pelvis in posterior
fashion; the iliac crest tilts backward (posterior
tilt). Trunk flexion, hip extension
Pelvic Girdle Movements
ANTERIOR PELVIC ROTATION
POSTERIOR PELVIC ROTATION
Pelvic Girdle Motions
• Lateral tilt (right and left)
• Example (right): the right ilium moves downward
in the frontal plane in relation to the left ilium.
Combination of lateral flexion of trunk,
adduction of left hip and abduction of right hip
• Right and left transverse rotation • Example: left: The pelvis rotates left in the
transverse plane. The left iliac crest moves posteriorly in relation to the right iliac crest
Lateral Tilt
Pelvic Girdle Movements
LEFT LATERAL PELVIC TILT RIGHT TRANSVERSE PELVIC ROTATION
Actions of the Acetabulofemoral Joint
The pelvic girdle is a highly moveable, relatively stable joint
The hip joint, although freely moveable, is not as stable as
the pelvic girdle because it does not contain as many stable,
bony joints
• Flexion• Movement of the femur straight anteriorly in the sagittal
plane
• Extension• Movement of the femur straight posteriorly in the
sagittal plane.
Actions of the Acetabulofemoral Joint
Abduction Movement of the femur laterally to the side-
away from midline Adduction
Movement of the femur medially- toward the midline
External rotation Rotary movement of the femur around its
longitudinal axis- anterior surface moves away from midline
Internal rotation Rotary movement of the femur around its
longitudinal axis- toward midline
Hip Flexion Hip Extension
Hip Adduction Hip Abduction
Lateral Rotation = External Rotation
Medial Rotation = Internal Rotation
Pelvis and Hip Motions
Pelvic rotation Lumbar spine motion
Right hip motion Left hip motion
Anterior rotation Extension Flexion Flexion
Posterior rotation
Flexion Extension Extension
Right lateral tilt Left lateral flexion Abduction Adduction
Left lateral tilt Right lateral flexion
Adduction Abduction
Right transverse rotation
Left lateral rotation
Internal rotation External rotation
Left transverse rotation
Right lateral rotation
External rotation Internal rotation
Acetabulofemoral Joint 3 df; ball & socket Stable & mobile Acetabulum
Cartilage is thicker at edge & top
Labrum deepens pocket Femoral head
Cartilage thickest on head
70% articulates Joint capsule
Strong & dense (ant, sup)
Acetabulofemoral JointLigaments
1. Iliofemoral (Y)• Supports most of BW• Supports anterior hip (standing)• Resists external, internal rotation• Limits hyperextension
Only anterior pelvic tilt
Acetabulofemoral JointLigaments
2. Pubofemoral• Resists abduction
(primarily)• Resists external
rotation (some)
3. Ischiofemoral • Resists adduction• Limits internal
rotation
No ligaments resist flexion (greatest ROM)P
A
Iliopsoas – What is it comprised of?
When stabilized Flexion of hip
Thigh fixed Flexion of trunk
More active in mid-range Leg raise or curl-up
Increased activity- feet held (curl-up)
Psoas Major Origin
Transverse process of L1-5
Insertion Lesser trochanter of
femur Location
Anterior/Medial Movements
Pelvis: Anterior tilt Hip: Flexion
33
Psoas Minor Origin
Lateral aspect of vertebral body of T12 and L1
Insertion Iliopecitneal eminence
Location Anterior (more anterior
than psoas major)/Medial
Movements Pelvis: Posterior tilt (weak) Hip: Flexion (weak)
Iliacus Origin
Iliac fossa Insertion
Femoral lesser trochanter
Location Anterior/Medial
Movements Pelvis: anterior tilt Hip: flexion
35
Transverse Abdominis
Origin Iliac crest, inguinal ligament,
thoracolumbar fascia, and costal cartilages 7-12
Insertion Xiphoid process, linea alba,
pubic crest via an aponeurosis
Location Deep
Movements Compress the ribs and
viscera, providing thoracic and pelvic stability
37
Movement Analysis: Back Extension
Plane Axis Action Agonist Antagonist
PHASE 12
38
KINESIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS SUMMARY SHEET
ACTIVITY: Back Extension