Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
The 'solar 101' presentation made at the Solar Challenge meeting held in Franklin, MA on Aug 20, 2014
Citation preview
1
Solar 101
Presented by:
Massachusetts Clean Energy Center
August 20, 2014
Introduction
Solar PV Basics
Solar PV Incentives and Economics
Outline
MassCEC Statutory Mandate
Advance Clean Energy Technology
Create Jobs
Develop a Trained Workforce
Accelerate Deployment of Clean Energy
4
Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Basics
2 – 6 per year
COAL 1,8
Uranium 1,9
900 Total reserve
90-300 Total
Petroleum 1,8
240 total
Natural Gas 1,8
215 total
WIND1,2
Waves1,3
0.2-2
25-70 per year
OTEC1,4
Biomass 1,5
3 -11 per year
HYDRO 1,6
3 – 4 per year
TIDES 1 Geothermal1,7
0.3 – 2 per year
0.3 per year
16
FINITE ENERGY RESERVES
RENEWABLES
ANWR
© R. Perez et al.
World energy use 16 TW-yr per year ~ 475 exajoules ~ 460 Quads
2 – 6 per year World energy use 16 TW-yr per year
COAL 1,8
Uranium 1,9
900 Total reserve
90-300 Total
Petroleum 1,8
240 total
Natural Gas 1,8
215 total
WIND1,2
Waves1,3
0.2-2
25-70 per year
OTEC1,4
Biomass 1,5
3 -11 per year
HYDRO 1,6
3 – 4 per year
TIDES 1
SOLAR10
23,000 per year
Geothermal1,7 0.3 – 2 per year
© R. Perez et al.
0.3 per year
ANWR
COAL 1,8
Uranium 1,9
Power from the Sun
Every 88 minutes, enough sunlight reaches the Earth’s surface to power the world for a year
Every 112 minutes, more sunlight reaches the Earth’s surface than is stored in all the proven oil, coal, and natural gas reserves in the world
Is There Enough Sun In MA?
9
2.00
3.00
8.00
13.00
18.00
23.00
28.00
33.00
38.00
HI
AK
N
Y C
T V
T N
H
NJ
CA
M
A
ME RI
MI
DE
WI
MD
PA
D
C
US
NV
SC
O
H
CO
FL
A
L IL
NM
M
N
AZ
KS
GA
V
A
TX
NC
IA
IN
M
S M
O
TN
MT
SD
NE
UT
WV
W
Y O
R
OK
K
Y A
R
ND
ID
W
A
LA
2012 Avg Residential Electricity Prices (cents per kWh)
Massachusetts Residential Electricity Prices
Sources: EIA 2012 Data
MA homeowners had the 9th highest average electricity prices in 2012.
MA US
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.2
$/k
Wh
Pri
ce
Residential Electricity Rates
10
Residential Project Trends
$-
$2.00
$4.00
$6.00
$8.00
$10.00
$12.00
$14.00
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
Inst
alle
d C
ost
($
/wat
t)
Nu
mb
er
of
Pro
ject
s (1
5 k
W &
sm
alle
r) In
stal
led
2006
2013
13
What makes a good site?
http://energy.ltgovernors.com/solar-energy-pv-systems-self-generation-make-your-own-power.html
• Southern exposure •PV panels angled 30˚ – 45˚ • At least 4-6 hours of direct sunlight • Open roof area of ~100 sq ft per 1 kW • Open space for a ground or pole mounted system
How Does Solar a PV System Work?
Grid-connected projects can apply for Net Metering (utility meter spins backwards)
Power outage: Inverter shuts down, unless a battery-back up system is installed
15
Shading of Solar PV Systems
Initial site feasibility can be
determined online through
aerial images
A shading analysis should be
performed for each feasible
project site
Solmetric SunEye
Solar Pathfinder
16
Aerial photos
4.
1. 2. 3.
5.
17
What adds costs to an installation?
Structural
• Reinforce Rafters
• Split Arrays/ Multi Roof
• Metal Roof
• Steep Roof
Electrical
• Service Change
• Supply Side Tap
Other
• Ground-mounted System
• Data Acquisition System
• Extended Warranty
• Increased shading
Common Cost Adders
Introduction
Solar PV Basics
Solar PV Incentives and Economics
Outline
High electricity prices + Reduced Solar PV Costs +
Numerous Incentives = Economical solar projects
Solar Incentives in Massachusetts
www.house-power.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/iStock_000009001180XSmall.jpg
Incentives
Tax Incentives: Federal (30%)
State (15% up to $1,000)
Rebates from MassCEC
Net Metering
SREC Sales
Low/No money down options
Quarterly funding blocks
$1.5 million available
Residential, commercial, non-
profit & public solar PV
systems ≤ 15 kW
Rebate capped at 5 kW
Proposed rebate ranges from
$1,250 to $3,500 for 5kW
system
Rebate covers ~5% of Installed
Cost
Commonwealth Solar II Rebate Program
Block 19 Rebate Levels ($ per watt (DC @ STC))
Base Incentive $0.25
PLUS:
Massachusetts Company Component Adder $0.05
Moderate Home Value Adder OR Moderate Income Adder ≤ 120% of MA median income (only residential projects eligible)
$0.40
Natural Disaster Relief Adder $1.00
Go to www.MassCEC.com/solar to learn more.
MassCEC Rebate Program (cont.)
County Property Value
Berkshire, Franklin, Hampden, and Hampshire ≤ $300,000
Bristol, Suffolk, Worcester ≤ $350,000
Barnstable, Duke, Essex, Middlesex, Nantucket, Norfolk, and Plymouth
≤ $400,000
Income Category Income Levels
Individual Income ≤ $75,810*
Domestic Unit Income ≤ $95,420*
Moderate Home Value Adder Criteria
* 120% of median household income as determined by the US Census Bureau
Moderate Income Adder Criteria
Experienced Installer
Minimum Technical Requirements
Equipment must meet certain standards
Required warranties
− Panels have 20 year warranties
− Inverters have 10 year warranties
− 5 year workmanship warranty
80% of optimal system production
MassCEC Rebate Program (cont.)
Solar Renewable Energy Certificates (SRECs)
Electricity Pathway • Electrons from all
generation sources are
physically the same
• Cannot be tracked
independently on the
grid
SRECs Pathway • SRECs represent the
“green” attributes of the
renewable generation source
• Utilities are required to
purchase SRECs every year
• 1 SREC = 1,000 kWh
• Verified SRECs ensure
that only one buyer can
claim each SREC
Electricity and SRECs can be, and often are, sold
separately
24
SRECs (cont.)
Will be able to sell SRECs for 10 years
Likely sell from $285 - $199 per SREC
Work with aggregator or broker to help with the sale
Monthly production reported to MassCEC’s
Production Tracking System (PTS)
SREC II Program began accepting new applications in
early May 2014
Outright purchase
Third party ownership
Ownership Models
Elizabeth Youngblood
Project Manager, Solar Programs
Learn more at
www.MassCEC.com
Thank You! - Questions?
