Anders Nättorp, FHNW - New policy measures for phosphorus recycling in Switzerland

New policy measures for phosphorus recycling in Switzerland

An applied researcher’s perspective

Anders Nättorp

Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, FHNW

Outline

Switzerland• Sludge treatment• Phosphorus flows

Swiss legislation• Decree on solid waste• Fertilizer legislation

Perspectives

Institut für Ecopreneurship - Unternehmen für die Umwelt

Countrywise sewage sludge disposal in the EU

0

250000

500000

750000

1000000

1250000

1500000

1750000

2000000

AT BE BG CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GR HU IE IT LT LU LV MT NL PL PT RO SE SI SK UK CH

other

landfill

application to land

incineration


Source: Environmental, economic and social impacts of the use of sewage sludge on land, part I: Overview report, milieu Ltd, WRc, RPA, 2010, http://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/sludge/index.htm

Dry

mat

ter (

to/y

ear)

Agriculture 42%Incineration 27%

Switzerland

8 Million inhabitants

Landfill of organic materials forbidden since 2000

Sewage sludge not used in agriculture since 2006

->100% incineration


Picture:Marcel Wiesweg,creative commons

WWTPMono-

incineration Landfill

MSWI

Drying Cement works 27%

18%

55%

Landfill

Current sewage sludge treatment

5’900 t P

29’000 t P

30’000 t P

3’000 t P

6’100 t P

Phosphorus cycle in Switzerland

Swiss legislation on waste

Landfill of organic materials forbidden since 2000

Sewage sludge not used in agriculture since 2006

Phosphorus recycling–New decree on solid waste since January 2016–Sewage sludge and meat and bone meal–10 year transition period


Swiss legislation on Fertilizer

Sewage sludge classified as recycling fertilizer (DüV)

Recycling fertilizer (ChemRRV)- No direct use of sewage sludge allowed- Low limits for heavy metals Today no commercial process for recovery possible

Introduction of mineral recycled fertilizer category planned for 2018- Min P2O5, plant availibility,…(DüV), contaminant limits (Chem RRV)- Potential materials are sewage sludge ash, meat and bonemeal ash, wood ash

The goal is to reduce the heavy metal input to the soil!

Samuel Vogel, FOAG, September 2014Andrea Ulrich, FOAG, personal communication

PerspectivesDevelopment in Canton Zürich

RRB 572/2007: future disposal of sewage sludge must ensure phosphorus recovery and good energy use

Preevaluation in 2008 of monoincineration for all 1.3 Million inhabitants

Negociation of common sludge disposal for the entire canton

Project for monoincineration plant -> accepted with 97% in 2013

Start of plant in 2015


Leo Morf, AWEL,September 2014

Picture: ERZ

PerspectivesDevelopment in Canton Zürich

RRB 572/2007: future disposal of sewage sludge must ensure phosphorus recovery and good energy use

Phosphorus recovery technologyevaluation by FHNW in 2009


WWTP Digestion Dewatering Drying Mineralization Landfill

Conformeffluent

. .

Waste water

Phosphorus

1

Phosphorus

2

Phosphorus

3

System boundary

Picture:Lüscher& Nättorp, 2009

Development of sewage sludge ash leaching process 2012-2015

Piloting of phosphoric acid production process with purification by solvent extraction in 2016

Leo Morf, AWEL, personal communicationhttp://www.awel.zh.ch -> PhosphorPicture: AWEL, 2016, translated

http://www.awel.zh.ch/

http://www.awel.zh.ch/

Technical developmentApproximately five ash based processes ready to be implementedCan the incineration in cementworks and MSWI be combined with recovery?Upcoming implementation aid

BAT/ yieldplant availability of fertilizers

Cost and cooperationCost increase of 1- 45 Mio EUR/a and investment cost of 90- 380 Mio. EUR estimatedHow should stakeholders share responsibility for recovery and recycling?How to distribute the cost?

PerspectivesSwitzerland

Technical data sheets P-REX, www.p-rex.euNättorp & Hukari, Aqua &Gas 1/2016

Thank you for your time and your attention!

Contact:Anders Nättorp

FHNW, Institute for [email protected] +41 61 467 4442

Do you have questions?


mailto:[email protected]