UTILIZATION OF PLASTIC WASTE IN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS

GUIDE NAME Mr. SAI NAGENDRA(M.E)

T.Bharath

Kumar(12781A01B3) P.S.Teja Kumar(12781A0190)

J.V.Narsimha(12781A0144)

B.Siddaiah(12781A0112) B.S.Uday Kiran(13785A0103)

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION WHY WE USE

PLASTIC

Review of

literature

Methodology

Tests on

Aggregates

Tests on

Bitumen

Mechanical

Tests

Advantages

INTRODUCTION Today the availability of waste plastic is enormous,

as the plastic materials has become parcel of daily life. The present disposal of plastic is either by land filling or Incineration. Both the process have certain impact on environment.In the construction of flexible pavements, bitumen plays the role of binding the aggregate together by coating over the aggregate it also helps to improve the strength of road. But its resistance towards water is poor.In order to overcome this problem a common method to improve the quality of bitumen by modifying the rheological properties of bitumen by blending with waste plastic.

WHY WE USE PLASTICPlastic Consumption(Tons) in India

Cost of plastic(segregation,cleaning,shredding) is Rs 10 per kg and cost of bitumen is Rs 30 per kg. We replace 4-8% of plastic by weight of bitumen, which requires 0.4-0.8 tons of plastic per km.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Ms.Apurva Chavan (2013) says that “ using plastic waste will help reduction in need of bitumen by around 10%,increase the strength and performance of road”.

Mrs.Vidula swami (2012) says that “the addition of plastic increases the hardness of the bitumen”.

Kalantar et al (2010) investigated the possibility of using waste PET as polymer additives for binder in asphalt mix. Waste PET is powdered and mixed in proportions 2, 4, 6 , 8 and 10 % ( by the weight of OBC) with bitumen at temperature 150 C. PET modified binder resulted in higher resistance to permanent deformation and higher resistance to rutting due to their higher softening point when compared to conventional binders.

MATERIALS USEDAGGREGATE :Aggregate of size passing through 12.5mm and

retaining on 10 mm.BITUMEN: 60/70 grade bitumen WASTE PLASTIC: Waste plastic in the shredded form, passing through

4.75mm IS Sieve, retaining on 2.36mm sieve

METHODOLOGY

Waste plastic

segregation

Cleaning process

Shredding

MIXING PROCESS

• In this process the aggregates are heated to 170 C and shredded plastic waste is added in proportion by weight to the hot aggregate, this plastic gets coated over the aggregate uniformly. Immediately the hot bitumen 160 C is added with the mixture.

Dry process

• In this process blending of waste plastics by direct mixing of shredded plastics with hot bitumen at 160C is done. mechanical stirrer is needed as the mixing is difficult because of differences in viscosities of molten polymer and bitumen.

Wet process

AGGREGATE PLASTIC MIXIn this process the aggregates are heated to 170 C and shredded plastic waste is added in proportion by weight to the hot aggregate, this plastic gets coated over the aggregate uniformly

FOLLOWING ARE THE TESTS CONDUCTED IN LABORATORIES

Impact Test (IS: 2386 Part IV-1963) Aggregates was sieved through 12.5mm and 10mm Mould of internal diameter 7.5cm Tampering rod of 1cm diameter and 23cm long

rounded at one end. The aggregate sample was compacted with

hammer of 14kg from a height of 38cm and 15 blows were applied.

The aggregate sieved through 2.36mm sieve to calculate impact value.The results of Impact test with various percentage of plastic in aggregates are shown in Table and Figure

Plastic Coated Aggregates

Plain aggregates

Impact testing

machine

Stone Aggregate % of plastic Aggregate Impact Value

Without PlasticCoating

0 19.85%

With Plastic Coating

4 9.8%6 8%8 4.24%

3 4 5 6 7 8 902468

1012

Aggregate Impact value

% of plastic

Aggr

egat

e Im

pact

va

lue

Aggregate Crushing Test (IS:2386(Part IV)-1963) Aggregates was sieved through 12.5mm and

10mm Mould of internal diameter 152mm Tampering rod of 16mm diameter and

450mm long rounded at one end. The cylinder with test sample and plunger in

position is placed on compression testing machine, a uniform rate of 4tonnes/minute until total load is 40 tones.

The aggregate sieved through 2.36mm sieve to calculate crushing value.

The results of Aggregate Crushing Test with various percentage of plastic in aggregates are shown in Table and Figure

PLAIN AGGREGATES AGGREGATES COATED WITH PLASTIC

Stone Aggregate % of plastic Aggregate Crushing Value

Without PlasticCoating

0 35%

With Plastic Coating

4 20.35%6 19.10%8 17.8%

3 4 5 6 7 8 9161718192021

Aggregate Crushing value

% of plastic

Aggr

egat

e cr

ush-

ing

valu

e

LOS ANGLES ABRASION TEST IS:2386 (PART IV)-1963

Stone Aggregate % of plastic Abrasion ValueWithout plastic coating

0 13.5%

With plastic coating 4 12.13%6 11.25%8 9.73%

3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.502468

101214

Abrasion value

%of plastic

Abra

sion

val

ue

Specific Gravity of Aggregates (IS :2386(Part IV-1963)

2.68

2.71

2.682.65

Average Specific Gravity

LABORATORY TESTS ON BITUMEN • Ring ball apparatus• IS:1205-1978

Softening point

test• Ductility apparatus• IS:1203-1978Ductility

test• Pensky - martens

apparatus• IS :1209-1978

Flash and fire

point

FLASH AND FIRE POINT TEST

DUCTILITY TEST

SOFTENING POINTTEST

Sno Tests conducted Test results

1 Ductility 73cm

2 Flash Point 90 C

3 Fire Point 165 C`

4 Softening Point 49/56

MARSHALL STABILITY TEST

Required quantities of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate & mineral fillers were taken in an iron pan.

This was kept in an oven at temperature 1600C for 2 hours. This is because the aggregate and bitumen are to be mixed in heated state so preheating is required.

The bitumen was also heated up to its melting point prior to the mixing.

The required amount of shredded polythene was weighed and kept in a separate container

The aggregates in the pan were heated on a controlled gas stove for a few minutes maintaining the above temperature.

The high density polythene was added to the aggregate and was mixed for 2 minutes.

Now bitumen (60 gm), i.e. 5% was added to this mix and the whole mix was Stirred uniformly and homogenously. This was continued for 15-20 minutes till they were properly mixed which was evident from the uniform colour throughout the mix.

Then the mix was transferred to a casting mould.

This mix was then compacted by the Marshall Hammer.

75 no. Of blows were given per each side of the sample so subtotal of 150 no. of Blows were given per sample.

Then these samples with moulds were kept separately and marked

MARSHALL SAMPLING MOULD

MARSHALL HAMMER

MARSHALL SAMPLES

OBSERVATION FOR THE MARSHAL STABILITY

S.no Plastic added(%)

Stability(kg)

1 0 10102 4 16503 6 17354 8 1930

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 90100020003000

Stability in kg

stability in kg

% of plastic

Stab

ility

in k

g

ADVANTAGES Strength of the road is increased Better resistant to water and water

stagnation. Increases binding and better bonding of the

mix. Better soundness property. Maintenance cost of the road is almost nil. No effect of radiation like UV.

CONCLUSION

Plastic roads has added more value in minimizing the disposal of plastic waste as an eco-friendly technique.

This innovative technology not only strengthened the road construction but also increased the road life.

Plastic roads would be boon for India’s hot & extremely humid climate, where temperature frequently cross 50°C .

REFERENCES

“Chavan A.” (2013). “Use Of Plastic Waste In Flexible Pavements” International Journal Of Application Or Innovation In Engineering And Management ISSN 2319- 4847, Volume 2, Issue 4, April 2013

“Devi R. M, Stephen L. Mini.I.M,” (2013) “Reduction Of Optimum Bitumen Content In Bituminous Mixes Using Plastic Coated Aggregates”. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 2, Issue 3, March 2013

“Gawande.A.,Zamare.G.,Renge.V.C.,Tayde.S.,Bharsakale.G (2012) “An Overview On Waste Plastic Utilization In Asphalting Of Roads” International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 2, Issue 3, March 2013.

Joseph Mercy, et.al. (2013) “Study On Use Of Plastic Waste In Road Construction” International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology., Vol. 2, Issue 3, March 2013. .

Kumar, S and Gaikwad, SA “Municipal Solid Waste Management in Indian Urban Centres: an approach for betterment”, in Gupta K.R.(Ed): Urban Development Debates in the New Millennium, Atlantic Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi, pp. 100-111,(2004).

“R Vasudevan.,”(2007)l “Utilization of Waste Polymers for Flexible Pavement and Easy Disposal of Waste Polymers”, International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management, 5 - 7, Chennai, India pp-105-111, 2007.

“Soni Apurva , K.K Punjabi” (2013). “Improving The Performance Of Bituminous Concrete Mix By Waste Plastic. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications pp.863-868

“Shedame Pankaj , Pitale Nikhil” (2014) “Experimental Study Of Bituminous Concrete Containg Plastic Waste Material” IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering. PP 37-45.

“Prasad Shiva , ” (2012) “ Study On Marshall Stability Properties Of BC Mix Used In Road Construction By Adding Waste Plastic Bottles”, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering PP 12-23..

THANK YOU