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Summer Internship Report: Jaypee Group
NICMAR Page 1
SUMMER INTERNSHIP REPORT
ON
PLANNING, MONITORING, SITE EXECUTION,
MARKETING AND CONTRACTS
UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF:
SUBMITTED BY:
ABHIMANYU SARASWAT (AP14268)
ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT (ACM 28th)
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
AND RESEARCH
NICMAR (PUNE)
Summer Internship Report: Jaypee Group
NICMAR Page 2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Any accomplishment requires the efforts of many people and this work is no exception. I appreciate the support and contribution, which various individuals have provided me for the successful completion of the dissertation “JAYPEE GREENS: WISHTOWN,NOIDA”. I sincerely express my deep sense of gratitude to Mr. Sanjay Mittal, Mr. Apurva Pragya, Mr. Prem Bisht, Mr. Ravi Vindal and Mr. Lakshaya Mohan for accepting and providing me the opportunity to work under their expert guidance and close supervision. I am highly indebted to them for their useful discussions and continuous encouragement during the course of my project work. Their clear vision of scientific content and astonishing language skills helped me in a tremendous manner. Furthermore, I would also like to thank National Institute Of Construction Management And Research for allowing me to carry out this internship under Jaiprakash Associates Private Limited lastly my faculties who have been a driving force behind the project also played as a catalyst that helped me get the maximum out of the internship. Abhimanyu Saraswat (AP14268) PGP ACM 28TH BATCH (2014-2016) NICMAR, PUNE.
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NICMAR Page 3
OBJECTIVES OF SUMMER INTERNSHIP PROGRAM
1. To familiarize with construction industry planning, design, and field operations. 2. To introduce with the interrelations among the various tasks and participants in the construction process. 3. To get exposure with the management and communication functions performed within a construction project. 4. To aid in acquiring specific skill sets which will enhance their value to employers and the industry
The duration of the summer internship program is of 8 weeks
which started on 15th April 2015 and concluded on 15th June
2015.
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NICMAR Page 4
INDEX
S.No Topics
Page No
1. Brief Information about Jaypee Associates
5
2. Brief Information about the Project: Jaypee WishTown,
Noida
9
3. Training Details
18
4. New Skill/Knoweldge Details
19
5. Achievements During the Tenure
50
6. Problem Mitigation during the Tenure
51
7. Reports Prepared during Tenure and thesis details
53
8. Conclusion
54
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NICMAR Page 5
Brief Information about Jaypee Associates
Jaiprakash Associates Private Ltd. was established in 1979 by
Jaiprakash Gaur, dealing with construction and engineering
services. He acquired a Diploma in Civil Engineering in 1950
from the University of Roorkee, had a stint with Govt. of U.P.
after which he branched off on his own, to start as a civil
contractor in 1957 at Kota and continued to work as a
contractor there after.
The Jaiprakash Associates Private Ltd. or commonly called as
“Jaypee Group” is a Rs. 13,700 crores well diversified
infrastructural industrial conglomerate in India. Over the
decades it has maintained its salience with leadership in its
chosen line of businesses like Engineering and Construction,
Cement, Power, Hospitality, Real Estate, Expressways and
Highways, Healthcare and Sports Infrastructure.
Jaypee Group
Engineering and Construction
Cement
Power
Hospitality
Real Estate
Expressways and Highways
Healthcare
Sports Infrastructure
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NICMAR Page 6
Engineering and Construction: Jaypee Group is an
acknowledged leader in the construction of multi-purpose River
Valley and Hydropower projects. It has the unique distinction of
having simultaneously executed 13 Hydropower projects
spread across 6 states and the neighbouring country Bhutan for
generating 10,290 MW power.
Cement: Jaypee Group is the 3rd largest cement producer in
the country with a brand name ‘Jaypee Cement’ (PPC). Its
cement division currently operates cement plants with an
aggregate capacity of 33.8 MnTPA.
Power: Jaypee Group is India’s largest private sector
Hydropower producer with its operational projects of 300 MW
Baspa-II (Himachal Pradesh), 400 MW Vishnuprayag
(Uttarakhand) and 1000 MW Karcham Wangtoo (Himachal
Pradesh).
Expressways and Highways: The Group has entered into
construction of expressways with a 6 lane Yamuna Expressway
which has a stretch of 185 km along the Yamuna river
connecting Noida and Agra. It is made on Build – Own –
Transfer(B.O.T) basis.
The Group is pioneer in installing RIFD Technology on Electronic
Toll Collection Plaza between Zirakpur-Parwanoo Section of the
Himalayan Expressway.
Hospitality: The Group’s hospitality business owns and
operates 6 properties spread across New Delhi, Uttar Pradesh
and Uttarakhand. The 4 Five Star Hotels, two in New Delhi and
one each in Agra and Mussoorie. Another 5 star luxury with
Summer Internship Report: Jaypee Group
NICMAR Page 7
state-of-the-art resort and SPA has been set up in collaboration
with SIX SENSES at Greater Noida.
Healthcare: Jaypee is also entered the healthcare fray by
opening Jaypee Hospital in Noida. The hospital has been
planned as a 1200 bedded tertiary care multi-speciality facility.
Real Estate:
The real estate division of the Jaypee Group which is also called
as “Jaypee Greens” is taking rapid strides towards becoming
one of the best developers in Asia. It has a huge presence in
NCR region with land parcels across major parts of Noida and
western U.P along the Expressway. Jaypee Greens as a brand is
famous for its luxurious, premium golf-centric and spacious
residences in Delhi-NCR from its inception in the year 2000. It’s
being divided into The Real Estate division in Jaypee Group or
“Jaypee Greens
1. Jaypee Greens, Greater Noida
2. Jaypee Greens Wish town, Noida
3. Jaypee Sports City, Yamuna Expressway
4. Jaypee Greens Wish town, Agra
Jaypee Greens, Greater Noida: It was the very first real estate project of the Jaypee Group and it has surely cemented its position amongst the elite developers in Asia. It is a premium 452-acre golf-centric lifestyle real estate development situated
Summer Internship Report: Jaypee Group
NICMAR Page 8
in Greater Noida integrating homes with golf course, beautiful landscapes and all the luxurious amenities possible.
Jaypee Greens, Noida: It is been developed across 1162 acres that combines sophisticated living with pure natural surroundings. It has numerous golf facilities, mixed world class residences, recreational areas, and commercial and institution spaces. As it is made on the platform of an integrated city, it has all the basic amenities in it and that’s why it is also called as “wish town”.
Jaypee Greens Sports City, Yamuna Expressway: It is a step taken by Jaypee group in the right direction. In which the company is trying to make the sports city one of the world's premier sports infrastructure destinations. As it is an integrated city, it includes world-class sports venues with latest facilities. Jaypee Sports City is built on 2,500 acres of land which features a magnificent racing track- Budh International Circuit (B.I.C) and and other sports facilities. The group is also planning on a dedicated cricket stadium with 100,000-seat capacity in the future.
Jaypee Greens Wish town, Agra: It is a diverse and progressive township spread over 505 hectares at the intersection of NH2 and 165 kms long Yamuna Expressway, therefore enjoys a good connectivity and location advantage. It is integrated with gardens, residences, facilities, commercial and institutional spaces.
Summer Internship Report: Jaypee Group
NICMAR Page 9
Brief Information about the Project: Jaypee WishTown, Noida
Jaypee Greens Projects
Jaypee Greens
Jaypee Greens, Greater Noida
Jaypee Greens Wish Town, Noida
Jaypee Greens Sports city, Yamuna
Expressway
Jaypee Greens Wish Town, Agra
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NICMAR Page 11
Jaypee Greens Wishtown, Noida
Jaypee Greens Project on the Noida Expressway which is also
known as Jaypee Greens Wish Town. It is made on concept of
an integrated township, where all the basic amenities are at
your closest proximity. Township is spread over 470 Hectares of
land along the Noida-Greater Noida Expressway, thus making it
is hot choice for many buyers.
It offers residential and commercial properties in
Noida backed by numerous amount facilities like Jaypee School,
Jaypee Institute of Information and Technology, International
standard Health Care Facilities at Jaypee Hospital, Recreational
and entertainment centers, multiple shopping complexes,
corporate offices, spritual centers, hotels and public services at
the newly announced shopping mall inside the township.
The 18+9 Hole Graham Cooke Golf facility is one
best available in the region, there continuous admiration about
the playing surface by the professional who play in
tournaments or the promotional events.
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PROJECTS UNDER WISH TOWN
Pavilion Court: Pavilion Court Royale are golf facing residences
in which every unit gives breath taking views of the magnificent
Graham Cooke signet course.
No. of Units: 78 Units
No. of Floors: The G+12 tower
Kasablanca Towers: Kasablanca Towers are super luxury high-
rise apartments which are near the 18-hole Graham Cooke. The
4BHK apartments in Noida have excellent views and lush green
landscape.
No. of Floors=G+33
No. of towers=3
Kristal court: It is a compelling combination of classic luxury
and contemporary comfort. It is has options of 2/3 BHK
apartments.
No. of towers=11
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NICMAR Page 13
No. of floors=20 to 26.
Boomerang Residences: Boomerang Residences are luxury
apartments in Noida. These 4BHK hi- rise towers stand next to
the world class Boomerang Club.
No. of Floors=20 floors
No. of Towers=108 towers
Garden Isles: Garden Isles are uniquely designed Y-shaped
high-rise towers that offer clear spaces with minimum intrusion
and complete privacy. The size of these 2BHK, 3BHK and 4BHK
flats in Noida. It is a project in which Jaypee for the first time,
has started with in-house construction.
Total no. of towers=26
No. of floors ranging from 32, 35 and 38.
Pebble Court: Pebble Court residences are limited edition
super luxury low-rise apartments in Wish Town Noida. It is set
on the 18-hole Golf course designed by Graham Cooke.
Surrounded with wide open spaces.
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NICMAR Page 14
No. of Units=64 units of 4BHK Apartments.
The Orchards: The Orchard apartments are available in 2/3/4
BHK options at Noida.
Total no. of towers=8
Floor ranging from 33 and 38.
Krescent homes: Krescent Homes showcase the finest in
project planning with a range of 2 bhk, 3 bhk & 4 bhk flats in
Noida.
Total no. of tower=23
No. of floor ranging from 26 to 34.
Kube: Kube elevates the standards of living with 2bhk and 3bhk
flats in Noida rising up to 30 storey towers. The special thing
about this towers it constructed by Larsen and Toubro
Construction and it’s surrounded by theme parks.
Knight’s Court: Knights court is a collection of 2bhk, 3bhk and
4bhk flats in Noida. It just has two apartments on each floor.
Total no. of towers=8
Summer Internship Report: Jaypee Group
NICMAR Page 15
No. of Floors=G+20 floors.
Kasa Isles: The living option in Kasa Isles varies from Studio
Apartments to 2, 3 & 4 BHK Apartments, Penthouses to
magnificent duplex units.
Total no. of towers=15
No. of floor ranging from 23 to 29.
Kensington Boulevard: Jaypee Kensington Boulevard is
available in options ranging from studio apartments to
penthouses and provides a sensation of peace and tranquility
to the residents.
Total no. of towers=21
No. of floor ranging from 19 to 29.
Kensington Park Apartment & Heights: Kensington park
community comprises of independent residential plots and
apartments. The 2/3/4 bhk apartments in Noida are available in
various sizes ranging from 97.54 sq. mt to 195.09 sq. mt.
Kensington Park Apartments Noida has 14 towers with 17
floors each.
Kensington Heights have 3 towers with 19 floors each.
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NICMAR Page 16
Kosmos: Kosmos Noida offers 2, 3 & 4 bedroom options. It
comprises of all the modern amenities & facilities of a secure
township which gives enormous amount of comfort to life.
Total no. of towers=80
No. of floors ranging from 16 to 19.
Klassic: Klassic apartments enjoy splendid views of landscaped
gardens & parks. The residential options include 2, 3 & 4 BHK
units.
Total no. of towers=18
No. of floors ranging from 13 to 17.
The Pavilion Court: The Pavilion court at Noida is strategically
located and offers serene view of Nature and Golf. The
apartment’s size ranges from 1 BHK Studio Apartment with
Study to 3 BHK Family Apartment with Study.
Total no. of towers=17
No. of floors=G+ 12 floors.
Pavilion heights: Jaypee Pavilion Heights are Fully-Finished,
Modern, Hi-Efficiency apartments that offer 2 BHK + Study, 3
BHK + Study Family Apartments and 4BHK + Utility apartment.
Total no. of tower=15
Summer Internship Report: Jaypee Group
NICMAR Page 17
No. of floors=17.
Kalypso court: Jaypee Kalypso court apartments are available in
1/2/3/4 BHK option.
Total no. of towers are 15
No. of floors ranging from 15,22 & 25.
Imperial court: The Imperial Court apartments are available in
3/4 BHK option and have been designed for efficiency, demand
minimal maintenance and come with world class facilities.
Total no. of tower=3
No. of floors in each tower=34.
Summer Internship Report: Jaypee Group
NICMAR Page 18
TRAINING DETAILS
Date Department/Projects Responsibilities Category
19/05/2015
Garden Isles
1. Understand Basic Construction Practices.
2. Perform Quality Tests.
3. Prepare Safety Reports like HIRA, JHA.
Execution
15/06/2015
Kalyso Court(KT-3)
1. Collecting Data about the Finishing activities for the Tracker Tool.
2. Made a MSP program for KT-3 tower.
Planning
02/07/2015
M-Block Office
1. Contract Analysis of a. Concession
Agreement b. Façade
agreement between JPSI and S.P Fabricators Pvt. Ltd.
2. Case Study on Jaiprakash Associates.
Miscellaneous
12/07/2015
Marketing Block
1. Marketing Strategy: Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning.
2. Sales and Promotion Techniques.
Marketing
Summer Internship Report: Jaypee Group
NICMAR Page 19
NEW SKILL/KNOWELDGE DETAILS
PLANNING & MONITORING
Construction planning is a fundamental and challenging activity in
the management and execution of construction projects. It involves
the choice of technology, the definition of work tasks, the estimation
of the required resources and durations for individual tasks, and the
identification of any interactions among the different work tasks.
Essential aspects of construction planning include the generation of
required activities, analysis of the implications of these activities,
and choice among the various alternative means of performing
activities.
The planner insures that the proper precedences among activities
are maintained and that efficient scheduling of the available
resources prevails.
Benefits of Scheduling:
Requires managers to think the project through prior starting
the work
Provides a structured approach to planning
Means of communicating the work plan to others
Identify problems before they arise.
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NICMAR Page 20
Identify long-lead fabricated items
Assess resource requirements
Forecast cash flows
Serves as primary documentation for delay claim analysis and
other time impact considerations
Planning:
Construction Planning is the necessary forerunner to Scheduling and includes:
1. Defining work tasks
2. Determining general sequence
3. Construction methods
4. Assigning responsibility
Scheduling:
Good scheduling requires more detailed, on-going preparation as
activities draw closer to actual execution. A weekly schedule more
PLANNING
SCHEDULING
MONITORING
CONTROLLING
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NICMAR Page 21
directly communicates the work plan to the field personnel more
accurately reflects immediate work plan because actual conditions
are more predictable, i.e.: progress, weather, resources,
subcontractor availability, short-term goals, and special
considerations.
Whereas, here in Jaypee scheduling is also done on the basis of
trigger amount (amount demand from the customer based on
construction status). The amount to be raised each month will be
decided in the review meeting and monthly schedule is prepared
according to that and status is updated on weekly basis to keep track
of the work done to meet the demand schedule to be collected from
the customer.
Monitoring:
Tracking actual starts and finishes (AS/AF)
Modifying the remaining duration to reflect the current status
of an activity
Planning window from MIS tool
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Must keep schedule current to realize its full value
Serves as documentation for determining damages or eligibility
for time extensions
To monitor the work status of so many different projects, company
developed the MIS(Management Information System) tool to
monitor the work status of each tower or project. The data entered
in the MIS tool from the site office for the work done and it is
monitored by Planning personnel on daily basis to meet schedule.
Monitoring can be done by generating various reports from MIS tool
like DPR, WPR, tower wise status report, tower wise slab cycle
report.
Various report Formats on MIS tool
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NICMAR Page 23
DPR format on MIS tool
Updating:
Statusing
Reasonable modifications to logic
Change orders
Insert or modify coding for better organization in working with
and presenting the schedule more significant changes are
usually referred to as Schedule Revisions
Revising and Modifying:
Necessary reaction to change ƒ
Modify logic to reflect work plan ƒ
Internal or external pressure to accelerate or regain lost time
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Updating the work on daily basis is required to keep track on the
status of the scheduled work. This can only be done by giving proper
training to the people working on site regarding the tool to update
the working status to complete the work on scheduled time. Also
MIS is helpful in tracking the delay of work and used to identify cause
for such delays. So that it can be resolved easily without wasting the
working time.
Influences Changing the Original Schedule:
Weather
Acts of God
Better or worse productivity than anticipated
Delivery problems
Greater insight to the actual scope of work
Subcontractor performance/availability
Change in scope of work
Differing site conditions
After following all these planning aspects, we were asked to make
the scheduled for the finishing activities for one of project KALYPSO
COURT in the MSP(Microsoft Project). The following figure shows the
steps done on the MSP.
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NICMAR Page 25
The finishing activities of every tower are breakdown into different
parts and according to that work is carried out. The WBS of such
activities are first created on MSP and then the activities are entered
based on the work to be carried out. The WBS various activities
created in msp are shown in figure below.
WBS of the finishing activities
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Various activities in WBS elements
After making the WBS of activities to be carried out for the finishing
work. The duration is decided and predecessor are assigned to each
activities based on the time and resources available. The total no. of
duration achieved after assigning the no. of days is 818 days for the
finishing work of one tower (G+25) having 3 units at each floor.
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Duration of finishing activities with completion status.
As soon as the status is updated it can be track on the Gantt chart. And each activity can be monitored with the help of gantt chart. A sample of gantt chart of finishing work is shown in the fig. below.
Gantt chart of finishing work.
FMG (Facility Management Group):
The FMG department at the Jaypee ensures the delivery or handover
of the flats by checking all the facilities in the tower. Various
activities which are carried out by FMG are:
Checking of all the activities installed in flat or in tower
Ensuring the quality of the work done as per specification
Deals with outside authority for building completion certificate.
Flat can be handover by getting the clearance from the FMG
group.
Check whether it meet the requirements of its occupants.
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Final decisions are being made by FMG regarding the
completion of the tower.
FMG oversees all aspects of the finishing activities.
The various checks done by the FMG team are shown in the figure
below.
Activity check done by FMG for clearance
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SITE EXECUTION
The one slab cycle consists of following steps shown in the figure
below. The planning done for the structural work of a building is
basically based on the slab cycle, here in this project the average slab
cycle period was 20-25 days.
Process of slab cycle
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Column Reinforcement:
Column Reinforcement is the integral part of construction of any
building. After the casting the slab of one floor the verticals bars of
the column are left out for the extension for the next floor. Now
these bar can be extended based on the lap and no lap zone which is
mentioned in R/f detail of column drawing. The column
reinforcement for any slab involves:
Extension of Bars
Providing Stirrups
Binding of stirrups to the vertical bars.
Extension of Bars:
Extension of column is done by providing lapping or by
coupling or by welding the two bars.
The bars kept for future expansion are extended by any
method mentioned between the old bars and the new bars.
If there is any change in bar diameter along the floor height,
it shall be done in mid height of column in lap zone.
All column reinforcement shall be embedded minimum Ld
from the floor level.
Lap length shall be calculated on the basis of diameters of
smaller bar.
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Fe 500 should be used conforming to IS-1786
Lap length based on the diameter & grade of concrete
Stirrups:
Stirrups are the rings which gives the shear strength to the
column by holding the column vertical reinforcement in firm
position.
The can be of any shape triangular, rectangle,square, based
on the specification given in the drawing.
The stirrups dia vary from 8mm to 12mm conforming to
specification mentioned in the drawing.
Also the spacing between the stirrups should also be as per
the drawing.
In lap portion the spacing of stirrups shall be 150mm C/C.
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Column reinforcement
2.2.2 Shuttering/Formwork of Column:
The shuttering used for column shall be designed and
constructed so as to remain sufficiently rigid during placing and
compaction of concrete.
Formwork used for column shall be such as to prevent loss of
slurry from the concrete.
Shuttering used for column shall be of framed phenol-
formaldehyde resin bonded plywood panels or metal panels or
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equivalent to produce surface in one plane, free from lips, fins
etc.
The interior surface of the shuttering of column shall be coated
with approved mould oil and use shall be such that it will not
cause stains to appear on the concrete.
Formwork used for column shall be supported by strong and
properly braced scaffolding both ways vertically and
horizontally ensuring unyielding strong wooden or steel base
plates.
For placing the shuttering properly as per the drawing to avoid
any deviations either T point are used or marking are on the
starter in (X,Y) direction.
Stripping time of forms of column of:
o For OPC Cement : 24 Hours
o For PPC or OPC + Fly Ash : 36 Hours
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T-point from the bottom of column for placing the
formwork
2.2.3 Concreting of Column:
All cement used for structural work shall be 43 grade ordinary
pozzolona cement or as/ design mix.
Fine Aggregate shall conform to IS: 383 or 515.
Coarse Aggregate shall conform to IS: 383 or 515.
Water used for production of concrete shall conform to IS:456.
Admixture and other construction chemicals shall be approved
by the consultants before their use in the concrete.
All structural concrete shall be design mix concrete (controlled
concrete) of minimum grade M20 .
All concrete work shall be machine mixed and machine
vibrated, six cubes shall be taken from each specified pour,
three for testing after 7 days and three after 28 days.
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Complying QA/QC concrete. Production, transportation,
placing, compaction and curing as mentioned in IS: 456-2000.
The concretong should be done upto the bottom of the beam
of the next floor. And the height can be calculated by
measuring from the sofit of slab to the bottom of the beam.
The column has a concrete cover of 40 mm on all the sides.
2.2.4 Shuttering/Formwork of Slab&Beam:
After the column concreting is done, the shuttering work for
slab and beam are started.
The area of the shuttering panels can be determined from the
slab drawing.
Span of the slab panel shall be calculated as c/c distance
between the beam.
The shuttering used for slab shall be designed and constructed
so as to remain sufficiently rigid during placing and compaction
of concrete.
Formwork used for slab shall be such as to prevent loss of
slurry from the concrete.
Shuttering used for slab shall be of framed phenol-
formaldehyde resin bonded plywood panels or metal panels or
equivalent to produce surface in one plane, free from lips, fins
etc.
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The interior surface of the shuttering of slab shall be coated
with approved mould oil and use shall be such that it will not
cause stains to appear on the concrete.
Formwork used for slab shall be supported by strong and
properly braced scaffolding vertically ensuring unyielding
strong wooden or steel base plates.
Stripping time of forms of slabs (spanning upto 4.5mt.)
For OPC Cement : 5days
For PPC or OPC + Fly Ash : 7days
Stripping time of forms of slabs (spanning over 4.5mt.)
For OPC Cement : 9days
For PPC or OPC + Fly Ash : 11days
Beams soffits (Props left under)(spanning upto 6.0mt.)
For OPC Cement : 7days
For PPC or OPC + Fly Ash : 9days
Removal of props under slabs (spanning up to 4.5M).
For OPC Cement : 7days
For PPC or OPC + Fly Ash : 9days
Removal of props under slabs (spanning over 4.5M)
For OPC Cement : 14days
For PPC or OPC + Fly Ash : 17days
Removal of props under slabs (spanning up to 4.5M).
For OPC Cement : 14days
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For PPC or OPC + Fly Ash : 17days
Removal of props under slabs(spanning up to 4.5M).
For OPC Cement : 21days
For PPC or OPC + Fly Ash : 25days
2.2.5 Beam&Slab Reinforcement:
All reinforcement used in this work shall conform to IS:1786
with Fe415 or 500 and shall be in the form of deformed bars.
Fe 500 shall have elongation more than 14.5% and comply with
other requirements of Indian standards.
Reinforcement bars shall conform accurately to the dimensions
shown on relevant drawings and bar bending shall conform to
IS:2502
Good Quality Ductile Binding Wire of 1.6 MM Dia shall be used
at all bar intersections.
Layers of bars shall be separated by spacer bars such that
spacer bars shall be placed not more than 1 M apart and
diameter of spacer bar shall be minimum 25 mm or dia of main
bar whichever is more.
Beam Down: Beam down is process in which the beam
reinforcement which is tied above where it has to be placed, and
then put in cavity by lowering the beam reinforcement.
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All dowels provided for lapping shall be washed with cement if
left exposed for a period exceeding 10days.
The slab reinforcement shall be provided both in X and Y
direction.
The main should be placed along the shorter span and the
distribution bar should be placed along the longer span.
The spacing between the main bars and distribution bars
should be as per given in the specification.
Chairs are used to separate the two layers of reinforcement of
slabs, and shall be placed not more than the maximum
horizontal distance between the legs of the chairs.
The diameter of the chair bar shall be 12mm.
Spacing of slab reinforcement based on bar diameter
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Beam & Slab Reinforcement
2.2.7. Conduiting:
An electrical conduit is a tube used to protect and
route electrical wiring in a building or structure.
Electrical conduit may be made of metal, plastic, fiber, or fired
clay. Most conduit is rigid, but flexible conduit is used for some
purposes.
Conduit is generally installed by electricians at the site of
installation of electrical equipment.
Its use, form, and installation details are often specified by
wiring regulations. The Conduits should be checked, properly
before the slab concreting is done.
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Conduting over the slab before concreting
2.2.8 Concreting of Slab:
All cement used for structural work shall be 43 grade ordinary
pozzolona cement or as/ design mix.
Fine Aggregate shall conform to IS: 383 or 515.
Coarse Aggregate shall conform to IS: 383 or 515.
Water used for production of concrete shall conform to IS:456.
Admixture and other construction chemicals shall be approved
by the consultants before their use in the concrete.
All concrete work shall be machine mixed and machine
vibrated, six cubes shall be taken from each specified pour,
three for testing after 7 days and three after 28 days.
Complying QA/QC concrete. Production, transportation,
placing, compaction and curing as mentioned in IS: 456-2000.
The concrete cover for slab is 20mm.
The concrete cover for beam is 25mm.
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HEALTH AND SAFETY
Indian construction industry is labour intensive comprising of semi-
skilled and unskilled workers. The measurement and evaluation of an
organization's performance on health and safety conditions at work
mainly aims at the provision of information about the current
situation and the progress of the strategies, processes and activities
that are adopted by an organization with the view to keep H&S
hazards under control.
The construction industry needs a new
paradigm for measuring safety performance on construction sites
that is a proactive approach rather than just depending on the
reactive data. The proactive approach is able to provide essential
feedback on performance before incidents occur.
Management and planning is one way to avoid unplanned events.
Since accidents are unplanned events, an effective safety
management can help avoid job injuries. Safety management must
be through, and it must be applicable to all aspects of the job, from
the estimating phase of the project until the last worker has left the
premise at the completion of the project.
The H & S policy for any organization is management driven. There
are various certifications given to the organization, if the work
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carried by them fulfills the requirement mention in code books. The
various certificates given to the organization are:
ISO 9001-2008: Quality Management System
ISO14001-2004: Environment Management System
OHSAS18001-2007: Safety Management System
These certificate given to the organization if they fulfill the below
mention criteria:
Legal Requirement
Energy Conservation
Reduction in incidents
Proper working environment
To maintain the criteria mentioned in the quality, it is done with the
help of PDCA cycle (Plan,Do,Check & Act)
3.1 PDCA cycle:
PDCA cycle
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PLAN: The planning for the safety management system in PDCA cycle
basically involves:
Identifying the understanding the construction procedure
Analyzing the hazard associate with the task to be carried out.
Hazard like:
o Physical
o Chemical
o Biological
o Ergonomical
Then identifying the risk occurring from that hazard.
Ensuring if it is causing any environment impact.
Preparation of HIRA(Hazard identification & Risk Assessment),
JHA(Job Hazard Analysis)
Preparing the objectives and targets, basically done for setting
the benchmarks.
DO or IMPLEMENTATION:
Roles & Resposibillity
Competency, training and awareness
Tool box talk
Communication by providing signages
Proper Documentation
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o Work Permit
Emergency Preparedness
CHECK:
Monitoring & Measures
Evaluation & Conformance to Standards(SOP,OCP)
Incident Investigation (Corrective action, Preventive action)
Control of Records
Audits
Compliance & Legal requiremtns
ACT:
Management Review Meetings
o Resources
o Finances
According to the results take measures and activities for
improving the performance
The major injuries faced by contracting firms in india on their
projects site, in descending order of occurrence, were given as
follows:
Fall injuries
Struck by wastage and raw materials
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Heat stroke
Head injuries
Eye injuries.
The improvement of safety, health and working conditions depends
ultimately upon people working together, whether governments,
employers or workers. So safety management means applying safety
measures before accidents happen. Causes for accidents happening
at the sites:
Inadequate codes or standards
Failure by management to enforce the safety rules and
regulation
Faulty design or lack of maintenance
Inadequate PPE’s
Lack of safety awareness and training
Emotional stability and temperament +/-
Poor physical conditions viz. fatigue, deafness,poor eyesight so
on and so forth
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Worker working without Worker working with Safety belt(PPE)
safety belt(PPE)
It is not possible to apply for such certification for every organization
as, after getting the certification there are certain standards which
need to be followed to maintain the safety at the sites. There the
factors which causes such restriction in implementing such safety
measure are:
Reduction in huge expenses occurring due to renewal of such
certificates
Due to ambiguity issues
Organization role
Financial constraints
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Resource constraints.
Other than the contractors’ responsibility for causing accidents in the
construction sites, the absence of government follow up on the
construction projects and the failure to improving the safety
performance on the construction sites were also responsible for the
high number of accidents.
Construction professionals should play more active roles in
sustaining construction safety and in improving safety culture for
construction workers
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Achievements During the Tenure
1. Preparation of two most renowned safety reports which were Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA), which was accepted by company and we were also asked to submit a copy of these two reports in company for future use.
2. We were also able convince the management to Issue sufficient amount of PPE’s for the each site which was its in-house construction from the store as per requirement given by tower-in-charge.
3. I was given a task to do a case study on Jaiprakash Associates by any analytical method. I was successfully able to complete the case study using SWOT analysis and Porter Five Force Model, which was accepted by the Company.
4. We were given a task by the legal department to do a Contract Analysis of two documents which were both accepted by the Company. These Documents were Concession Agreement between Taj Expressway Industrial Development Authority and Jaiprakash Industries Limited and Contract document of façade installation at Jaypee Sport city between JPSI and S.P Fabricators Pvt. Ltd.
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Problem Mitigation during the Tenure
Problem: An accident took place at Garden Isles Project which resulted in fatality. After this case, the construction activity was stalled for two days. Health and Safety department at Jaypee prepared an investigating report which only contained name of person, cause of fatality and compensation to be paid with an attached copy of the F.I.R.
Solution: After this case, we were asked about our opinion about the matter. We suggested that due to this fatality the construction activity was stopped for 2days, resulting in huge loss in the productivity. We also pointed out that, only on this site alone there have been 6 fatalities due to unavailability of PPE’s and improper supervision from the In-Charge. So after this we were given a week’s time to investigate the reason for the fatality, understand the mindset of workers and staff towards safety and remedial actions which we as Nicmarian’s can suggest.
So we went to site to investigate the case, and found that there was no safety net provided while the worker was removing the above net. As per safety guidelines, while removing the safety net another net should be installed at a place just below where the previous net existed and another net 6 floors below that for extra protection but none of this safety measures were taken, resulting in this fatality.
The mindset of the workers towards safety was awful. They didn’t imply to basic requirements of working at
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heights like wearing helmet, safety boots and wearing a safety harness while working on the edges. The reason given by them for not wearing PPE’s was that, it hindered their productivity and movement. When the in-charge was present they would wear the PPE’s but as soon he is gone they would remove them. The amount of these PPE’s per worker ratio was also very less.
The remedial action we suggested after the investigation was:
Preparation of safety reports which were Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA), which was accepted by company.
Issue of sufficient amount of PPE’s for the site which was its in-house construction from the store as per requirement given by tower-in-charge.
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Reports Prepared during Tenure
Job Hazard Analysis
Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment
Case Study on : Jaiprakash Associates
Contract Analysis of Contract document of façade installation at Jaypee Sport city between JPSI and S.P Fabricators Pvt. Ltd.
Note 1: No data collection for thesis work was done during the
internship because the thesis topic Quality Function Deployment
(QFD) was not implemented at the site. Even people seemed to
be unaware about the thesis topic, when a non-official
Questionnaire was floated in the PMG Department.
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Conclusion
Introduction: Summer Training was a golden opportunity for learning and self-development and really experiencing the real scenario of the company environment. It helped me to increase my technical skills. It is also helped me to be with latest and new technologies. Knowledge Gained: Planning of finishing activities in a tower, Basics of Site Execution, Contract Analysis, Safety Reports and its applications, Quality tests and Marketing concepts used in the township. Role of organization:
The organization’s role in making me understand the practical
approach in construction industry is very important. I was given full
liberty and time to analyze and understand the project which helped
me a lot. My mistakes were taken as a learning milestone by the
organization and it helped me to understand its consequences. The
organization provided me with a conducive environment where it
was possible for me to work as an intern and where I can learn as
well as contribute to the organization. The organization also gave me
opportunity where I learned the interdisciplinary relationship as how
important it is for the smooth construction and timely finishing of
the project.