1. Shekhawati Institute of Engineering & Tech., Sikar A
Presentation On MICRO ELECTRIC PILL Presented By Kartik Kumar
11ESFEC301
2. CONTENTS Introduction Parts of micro electric pill Structure
of micro electric pill Silicon diode (sensor A) ISFET (Sensor B)
Direct contact gold electrode (sensor C) 3 electrode
electrochemical cell ( sensor D) Control Chip (ASIC) Advantages
Limitations References
3. INTRODUCTION Our Body is a sensitive system. At some
situations, doctors cant easily detect diseases and hence it
becomes too late to cure it. Use of electronic pill helps us to
easily detect the diseases and can take sudden action against it.
In 1972, Professor John Cooper and Dr. Eric Johannessen from
Glasgow University, U.K has led to the development of electronic
pill.
4. When it moves through gastro-intestinal track it starts to
detect diseases and abnormalities. The electronic pill travels to
the digestive system, collects data and sends it into the computer
with a distance of 1 meter and more. It has a 16mm diameter, a
length of 55mm and 5gram weight. This pill is covered by chemically
resistant Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) coating.
5. PARTS
6. STRUCTURE Sensor A Sensor B Sensor C Sensor D Application
Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) Transmitter Batteries
7. SILICON DIODE (SENSOR A) It measures the body core
temperature. Silicon diodes are the commonly used temperature
sensors in electronic equipments. it is a silicon integrated
circuit at very low cost. It also identifies local changes
associated with Tissue Inflammation & Ulcers.
8. ISFET (SENSOR B) ISFET is used for measuring pH in solution.
It can reveal pathological conditions associated with abnormal pH
levels. These abnormalities include : level of acid excretion and
effect of GI specific drugs on target organs. inflammatory bowel
disease.
9. DIRECT CONTACT GOLD ELECTRODE (SENSOR C) It helps to measure
conductivity. Conductivity measures are done by measuring the
contents of water and salt absorption, breakdown of organic
compounds into charged colloids and the bile secretion.
10. 3 ELECTRODE ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL (SENSOR D) The three
electrode electrochemical cell detects the level of dissolved
oxygen in solution. It detects activity of aerobic bacteria in
large intestine and small intestine.
11. CONTROL CHIP The ASIC (Application Specific Integrated
Circuit) is the control unit that connects together other
components of the micro system.
12. SILVER OXIDE BATTERIES Supply Voltage = 3.1 V Two Ag2O
batteries are used. Operating Time > 40 hours. Power Consumption
= 12.1 mW Corresponding current consumption = 3.9mA
13. RADIO TRANSMITTOR Size of transmitter = 853 mm Modulation
Scheme = FSK Data Transfer Rate = 1 kbps Bandwidth of the signal
generated 10 KHz It consumes 6.8 mW power at 2.2 mA of
current.
14. ADVANTAGES It is being beneficially used for disease
detection & abnormalities in human body. Therefore it is also
called as MAGIC PILL FOR HEALTH CARE. It can be used in industries
in evaluation of water quality, Pollution Detection, fermentation
process control & inspection of pipelines. Very long life of
the cells(40 hours), Less Power, Current & Voltage requirement
. Less transmission length & hence has zero noise
interference.
15. LIMITATIONS Micro Electronic Pills are expensive & are
not available in many countries. Still its size is not digestible
to small babies.
