Energy Transition in Japan

JAPAN ENERGIEWENDE (Energy Transition in Japan)

JAPAN ENERGIEWENDE (Energy Transition in Japan)

Md Al-BeruniHabib FernandezFH AachenMasters in Energy Science

FH Aachen # Al-Beruni and Habib Fernandez # Energy Transition in Japan



.Overview..

What is Energy Transition

General information : Japan

Energy mix in Japan

Oil Price and Electricity cost

Fukoshima disaster and aftermath.

Energy gap in Japan

Energy import by Japan

Restarting Nuclear plants

Japan and Renewable Energy

Future Energy in Japan

Use of efficient appliances

General awareness by people

Conclusion.


Energiewende or Energy Transition


A particularly significant set of changes to the pattern of energy use in a society.or in other way we can sayA long term structural change in Energy System.


Energiewende or Energy Transition


Canadas old heating furnace used in 1970 was 50% efficient on the contrary the present furnace has around 90% efficiency. Both run by natural Gas.

Uses of efficient technologies and appliances over the decades also represents energy transition of a society. Below figure illustrates 40% save of natural gas over 40 years !


Japan's General Information


Population 126.4 million (2014)

Area 377,864 sq km (145,894 sq miles)

3rd world Largest Economy

4th world rank Exporter

ca. 2000 earthquakes per year

Natural Resources: 3rd Geothermal Resource


Timeline of Japan's Energy Mix


The term Energy Mixenergy refers to how final energy consumption in a given geographical region breaks down byprimary energysource.


Grid Summary



Historical Oil price in USD/Barrel



Levelised Cost of Electricity in Japan for the main energy sources


Source: Berraho (2012)Levelized Cost = Net Cost to install an energy system divided by its expected life-time energy output. Unit euro per MWh.


Fukushima disaster in 2011


On March 11th 2011 the worst earthquake struck in Japan and triggered a massive tsunami. The Fukushima Nuclear power plant, which is beside the pacific ocean coast, underwent serious damaged. The piping facility, external power supply and backup power destroyed.The core melt down and radio active material found outside the main building. The amount of radioactive materials released into the air were 770,000 tera Bq(Becquerel) until beginning of Apr.11,2011, and still going on with high risk.


Fukushima disaster's impact to Environment



Energy Mix in Japan Before and After Fukoshima disaster



Energy Gap in Japan



Correlation to Energy Import


With its 55 nuclear reactors currently offline in answer to the devastating earthquake and tsunami it suffered in March 2011, Japan has been forced to import more expensive alternative fuels to meet the energy demand.


Economy post Fukushima disaster



Restarting of Nuclear Reactor !!


All Japan's nuclear plants were gradually shut down after a series of meltdowns at the Fukushima plant sparked by the tsunami and earthquake.

Japan has restarted its first nuclear reactor under new safety rules following the 2011 Fukushima disaster.

But after passing stringent new safety tests, Kyushu Electric Power restarted the number one reactor at its Sendai plant on August 11, 2015.

There is still strong public unease about a return to nuclear power.Nuclear Regulation Authority (NRA) said the new safety checks meant there would be no repeat of the Fukushima catastrophe.


Japan and Renewable Energy


Hydroelectricity (Largest share in renewable energy)

Geothermal (18 Active plants in operation)

Photovoltaic

Wind (Onshore and offshore)

Waste Bio-mass fuel. (Municipal waste and Biomass fuel)

Ocean Energy (Just began in 2013)

Solar Powered Agriculture in Fukosima.

Japan plants to spend nearly 500 billion US $ on renewables in coming two decades. Currently renewable contributes only 10% of the total energy contribution in Japan.


Worlds largest floating wind turbine
unveiled in Fukushima


Japan officially unveiled its 7 megawatt (MW) wind turbine on 24 June 2015, the worlds largest offshore turbine to date. It is slated to be operational by September.

The new turbine, which will tower 220 meters [715 feet] above the sea, will transmit electricity to the grid via submarine cable, according to The Japan Times.

Durability: These turbines and anchors are designed to withstand 65-foot waves. When a large wave hits the turbine in any direction it moves freely due to loose chain connecting to the sea bed !


Feed-in tariff Scheme in Japan


This Is a policy mechanism designed to accelerate investment in renewable energy technologies.

Typically includes three key provisionsFITs typically include three key provisions:Guaranteed grid access.

long-term contracts.

Cost-based purchase prices.

Japans Feed-in Tariff Kicks off Explosive Renewables GrowthMaking the country one of the worlds fastest growing uses of Solar energy. This has attracted new business investment companies.







2015 Renewable Energy Exhibition Yokohama, Japan Products, technologies, services, peripherals and information that contribute to conservation of the global environment and biodiversity are welcome in all fields of energy and the environment.

Photovoltaic

Solar Tharmal Application

Innovative Bio climatic architecture.

Wind Energy

Biomass utilization and conversion

Hydrogen and Fuel cell

Ocean Energy

Geothermal Energy

Energy network and Power Electronic

Energy conservation and heat pump

Small hydro and non conventional energy.




Japan's hydrogen highway

Japan looks to hydrogen as main energy source in future. Japan's hydrogen highwayis a network of hydrogen filling stations placed along roadsides that provide fuel forhydrogen fuel cell vehicles




The new eco-friendly gadget is dubbed Wind Lens, as it uses offshores wind to turn the wind turbines for electricity.

It concentrates winds like as lens concentrates lights.

In Japan exclusively wind lens are researched in Kyushu University.

This is quiet can provide 2-3 times more energy compared to present wind turbine.

Wind lens and offshore wind lens farm


Use of Energy Efficient Appliance in Japan


Energy efficiency is the goal to reduce the amount of energy of energy required to provide products and service. Energy efficiency and renewable energy are said to be the twin pillars of the sustainable energy policy.

Japan is coming up with lots of innovative eco-friendly designs.

Eco Friendly Buildings

Fuel cell cars.

Smart household appliances.




Energy Efficient Buildings

Hondas Energy Efficient Home




Green Roofed University Building

Small House Design Innovation




Estimated Consequences of Household Electricity Conservation

Your Fridge Just Texed !!


Energy saving by awareness and Behavioral Changes



Climate change Policy and Practice


COP 21, Japan : 1. Low Carbon energy. 2. Renewable Energy sources on large scale 3.Much more serious energy

Japan is the 47th Party to formally submit its intended nationally determined contribution (INDC), which sets out a reduction target of 26% by fiscal year (FY) 2030 compared to FY 2013 (a 25.4% reduction compared to FY 2005)

The US-Japan Joint Vision Statement, issued on 28 April 2015 in Washington D.C.building a partnership that addresses global challenges and aims to: address climate and environmental degradation that are among the greatest threats facing humanity; deliver secure, affordable, sustainable and safe energy; eradicate poverty and achieving sustainable development; and promote human security.Agreed to cooperation in research and development (R&D), carbon capture and storage (CCS), and clean and efficient energy development and deployment.



1. Japan's energy transition process is one of the complex energy transitions in the world. 2. Fukushima disaster provide it a dramatic turn. 3. The country must produce huge energy to feed its industries. 4. Introduction of renewable is a bit late but rapidly increasing with outstanding innovations.5. The country situates one of the most vulnerable position of earth. This demands much cost to implement an energy company compared to other part of the world. 6. Restarting of nuclear plant is mostly derived by composite political decisions. 7. Last but not the least, Japan has enough experience and technical know how to face future energy demand with clean energy !



1. http://www.eia.gov/beta/international/analysis_includes/countries_long/Japan/japan.pdf (timeline of japan energy mix)2. http://www.geni.org/globalenergy/library/energy-issues/japan/index.shtml (grid summary)3. http://www.dtic.mil/ndia/2012system/ttrack314848.pdf (historical oil price chart)4. https://www.hertie-school.org/the-governance-post/2015/11/japanese-energy-transition/ (LC Japan Energy)5. http://www.noaa.gov/features/03_protecting/japantsunami_oneyearlater.html (Fukushima disaster)6. http://www.arcticgas.gov/what-ifs-cloud-asia-lng-demand-forecasts (Energy mix japan before and after Fukushima)7. http://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/how-japan-replaced-half-its-nuclear-capacity-with-efficiency (Energy gap in Japan)8. http://www.realclearenergy.org/charticles/2014/02/10/japan_lng_imports_jump_as_nuclear_plummets_107511.html (correlation to energy import)9. http://www.tradingeconomics.com/japan/balance-of-trade (Japan trade balance)10. Oil and gas 360 magazine. June 23, 2014. LNG import japan.11. Boston University, THE PARDEE PAPERS / No. 12/ November 201012. http://www.renewableenergy.jp/2014/english/13. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25bmXpEPosc14. http://ourfiniteworld.com/2012/03/12/world-energy-consumption-since-1820-in-charts/15. http://www.stlouishonda.com/blog/2012/may/10/honda-demonstrates-energy-efficient-home-design-in-japan.htm16. http://web-japan.org/trends/11_tech-life/tec120806.html17. Japan's Feed-in Tariff Scheme and Its Grid Connection Issues, in Comparison with Germanys Asami Takehama Professor of Sociology Ritsumeikan University18. http://unfccc.int/meetings/paris_nov_2015/meeting/8926.php



http://www.moonboutik.com/uploads/2/5/0/4/25046139/144457_orig.jpg


Click to edit the title text formatCliquez pour modifier le style du titre

Click to edit the outline text format

Second Outline Level

Third Outline Level

Fourth Outline Level

Fifth Outline Level

Sixth Outline Level

Seventh Outline Level

Eighth Outline Level

Ninth Outline LevelCliquez pour modifier les styles du texte du masque

Deuxime niveau

Troisime niveau

Quatrime niveau

Cinquime niveau

14.12.2015



Click to edit Master title style

Click to edit Master subtitle style

14.12.2015




Click to edit Master text styles

Second level

Third level

Fourth level

Fifth level

14.12.2015





14.12.2015





Second level

Third level

Fourth level

Fifth level


Second level

Third level

Fourth level

Fifth level

14.12.2015






Second level

Third level

Fourth level

Fifth level



Second level

Third level

Fourth level

Fifth level

14.12.2015




14.12.2015



14.12.2015





Second level

Third level

Fourth level

Fifth level


14.12.2015





14.12.2015





Second level

Third level

Fourth level

Fifth level

14.12.2015





Second level

Third level

Fourth level

Fifth level

14.12.2015




Engineering

Energy Transition in Japan