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Presentation on the topic
ISIS or ISIL
Prepared by
Muhammed Sadiq Khan
Maths Department
Cadet College Spinkai
South Waziristan
ISIS or ISIL
CONTENTS
• Introduction
• History of ISIS
• Goals & Aims of ISIS
• Areas Controlled by ISIS
• Finance
• Weapons used by ISIS
• Media Propaganda of ISIS
• Coalition Against ISIS
ISIS
• Several Names
1. ISIL
2. Da‘ish (داعش)
والشامالعراقفياإلسالميةالدولة .3 (Arabic)
4. IS (Islamic State)
ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria)
ISIL (Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant)
Arabic acronym Da‘ish ( داعش)
والشامالعراقفياإلسالميةالدولة
(Arabic)
ad-Dawlah al-Islāmīyah fī al-‘Irāq
wash-Shām
HISTORY of ISIS
• Founded in 1999 by Abu Musab al-
Zarqawi under the name Jamāʻat al-
Tawḥīd wa-al-Jihād,
• In October 2004, al-Zarqawi swore
loyalty to Osama bin Laden and
changed the group's name to TanẓīmQāʻidat al-Jihād fī Bilād al-Rāfidayn,
commonly known as al-Qaeda in
Iraq (AQI).
HISTORY of ISIS
• 2006, AQI merged with several other
Iraqi insurgent groups to form
the Mujahideen Shura Council (MSC).
Al-Zarqawi was killed in June 2006.
• On 12 October 2006, the Mujahideen
Shura Council merged with several
more insurgent factions, and on 13
October the establishment of
the Dawlat al-ʻIraq al-
Islāmīyah, Islamic State of Iraq (ISI)
was announced.
HISTORY of ISIS
• Leader of this group was
Abu Abdullah al-Baghdadi.
• April 2010, Abu Bakr al-
Baghdadi became the new leader of the group.
• April 2013, having expanded into Syria, the group adopted the name Islamic State of
Iraq and al-Sham (ISIL), which more fully translates as Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
• (the word ‘Levant’ means ‘Greater Syria’).
HISTORY of ISIS
• On 29 June 2014, ISIL proclaimed itself
to be a worldwide caliphate under the
name "Islamic State“ (IS)
• Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi named its
"caliph".
• As caliphate, it claims religious, political
and military authority over
all Muslims worldwide. It considers all
other emirates, groups, states, and
organizations as illegal.
GOALS
• From at least since 2004, a significant
goal of the group has been the
foundation of an Islamic state.
• Specifically, ISIL has sought to
establish itself as a Caliphate, an
Islamic state led by a group of
religious authorities under a supreme
leader—the Caliph.
• Elimination of the present boundaries
between Muslim countries.
FINANCES
• In mid-2014, the organization had
assets worth US$2 billion, making it
the richest jihadist group in the
world.
• About three quarters of this sum is
said to be represented by assets
seized after the group captured
Mosul (Iraq’s second largest city) in
June 2014.
7 Aug 2014 NSF Caliphate 17
OIL FIELDS AND PIPELINES
FINANCES
• One US intelligence official has
estimated that ISIL earns US$1 million
a day from the export of oil. Much of
the oil is sold illegally in Turkey.
• Dubai-based energy analysts have put
the combined oil revenue from ISIL's
Iraqi-Syrian production as high as
US$3 million per day.
• ISIL also extracts wealth through
taxation and extortion.
WEAPONS
• CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS
• ISIL relies mostly on captured weapons.
Major sources are Saddam Hussein's
Iraqi stockpiles from the 2003–11 Iraq
insurgency and weapons from
government and opposition forces
fighting in the Syrian Civil War .
• The captured weapons, including armor,
guns, surface-to-air missiles, and even
some aircraft, enabled rapid territorial
growth and facilitated the capture of
additional equipment.
WEAPONS
• NON-CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS
• The group has a long history of using
truck and car bombs, suicide
bombers, and IEDs, and has used
chemical weapons in Iraq and Syria.
• ISIL captured nuclear materials
from Mosul University in July 2014,
but is unlikely to be able to turn them
into weapons.
MEDIA PROPAGANDA of ISIS
• ISIL is known for its well-funded web and
social media propaganda, which
includes Internet videos of the
beheadings of soldiers, civilians,
journalists, and aid workers.
• ISIS is using techniques copied from
movies, video games and news channels
to spread its message.
• Isis has proved its expertise in YouTube,
Twitter, Facebook and other social
media.
ISLAMIC CRITICISM
• Grand Mufti of Saudi Arabia, Abdul-
Aziz ibn Abdullah, condemned the
Islamic State and al-Qaeda.
• 126 Sunni imams and Islamic scholars
from around the Muslim world signed
an open letter to the Islamic State's
leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi,
explicitly rejecting and refuting his
group's interpretations of Islamic
scriptures, the Qur'an and hadith.
CONSPIRACY THEORIES ABOUT ISIS
• Conspiracy theorists in the Arab world
have advanced rumors that the U.S. is
secretly behind the existence and
emboldening of ISIL, as part of an
attempt to further destabilizes the
Middle East.
CONSPIRACY THEORIES ABOUT ISIS
• After such rumors became
widespread, the U.S. embassy in
Lebanon issued an official statement
denying the allegations, calling them
a complete fabrication.
• Others are convinced that ISIL
leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi is an
Israeli intelligence Mossad agent and
actor called Simon Elliot.
COALITION AGAINST ISIS
• In response to advances made by
the ISIS militants, many states began
to intervene in the ongoing civil wars
in Syria and Iraq.
• August 2014, the United
States assembled a coalition of
partner countries to combat ISIL.
• Various countries contributed
aircraft, military aid to local ground
forces, military advisors to train local
ground forces.
COALITION AGAINST ISIS
• Coalition against ISIL includes USA,
Britain, France, Germany, Australia,
UAE, Iran, Jordan, Saudi Arabia and a
number of other countries.
• In addition to military efforts, many
countries mounted a considerable
humanitarian effort to assist ethnic
minorities in northern Iraq who are
under the threat of genocide or had
fled from ISIL in Iraqi Kurdistan and
other areas.