YBA & Sam Taylor - Wood

Hyangbo Cho, Bona Kim

YBA (Young British

Artists)

Charles Saatchi Damien Hirst Tracey Emin

Chris Ofili

Rachel Whiteread

Charles Saatchi

 

-He is known worldwide as an art collector and owner of the Saatchi Gallery and in particular for his sponsorship of the YBA

- He is a co-founder with his brother, Maurice of Saatchi & Saatchi, the world’s largest global advertising agency. Later they were forced out and they formed their new advertising agency, M & C Saatchi

- His collection of art also presented to the exhibition, Sensation at Royal Academy of Art

Saatchi Gallery(Charles Saatchi’s art collections)

Zhang Huan. Donkey, (Moving mechanical donkey 'humping' the model of Shanghai's Jin Mao tower)Saatchi Gallery, London 2008

Sun Yuan and Peng Yu. Old Persons Home, (Wicked, their satirical models of decrepit OAPS look suspiciously familiar to world leaders, long crippled and impotent, left to battle it out in true geriatric style) Saatchi Gallery 2008

Sensation Exhibition(Exhibition of YBAs)

Royal Academy of

Art in London

Brooklyn Museum of Art in New

York

National Gallery of

Australia in Australia

Royal Academy of Art in London18 September – 28 December 1997

Marcus Harvey. Portrait of Moors murderer Myra Hindley, (Painted

using children’s handprints) Sensation Exhibition London 1997

-The art show mostly contained controversial images- Most people in public complained about the controversial images- A mother of one of Hindley’s victims asked for the portrait, which was made of hundred copies of children’s handprints, to be excluded - The murderer, Myra Hindley sent a letter from the jail suggesting that her portrait be removed from the exhibition because “a sole disregard not only for the emotional pain and trauma that would inevitably be experienced by the families of the Moors victims but also the families of any child victim.”- People smashed windows of the Academy- Therefore, the work was guarded by security men- Later, this exhibition became famous because of this subject matter

Brooklyn Museum of Art in New York2 October 1999 – 9 January 2000

Chris Ofili. The Holy Virgin Mary, (Oil paint, glitter, polyester resin, map pins, elephant dung on linen) London 1996

Elephant Dung

- The Holy Virgin Mary by Chris Ofili was a huge matter in New York - Ofili’s work showed a carefully rendered black Madonna decorated with a resin-covered lump of elephant dung. The figure is also surrounded by small collaged images of female genitalia from pornographic magazines; these seemed from a distance to be the traditional cherubim- New York mayor, Rudolph Giuliani wanted to withdraw his work because he said, “You don't have a right to government subsidy for desecrating somebody else's religion.”- Many people thought that Ofili was against Catholic by showing his work

Brooklyn Museum of Art in New York- The United States House of Representatives passed a nonbinding resolution to end federal funding for the museum on 3 October 1999, and New York City did stop funding to the Brooklyn Museum- The museum produced a yellow stamp, saying the artworks on show "may cause shock, vomiting, confusion, panic, euphoria and anxiety.”-Therefore, Ofili’s painting was also guarded by an armed police officer

National Gallery of Australia in Australia

June 1999- The show was scheduled to open in June 1999, but was cancelled- The reason was that (according to the director, Brian Kennedy) “although it was due to be funded by the Australian government, it was "too close to the market", since finance for the Brooklyn exhibition included $160,000 from Saatchi, who owned the work, $50,000 from Christie's, who had sold work for Saatchi, and $10,000 from dealers of many of the artists- Kennedy said he was unaware of this, when he accepted the show; Saatchi's contribution, the largest single one, was not disclosed by the Brooklyn Museum, until it appeared in court documents

Renee Cox. Yo Mama’s Last Supper, (Montage of five photographs of 12 men and a naked black woman[Cox’s self portrait] posing Jesus) Sensation Exhibition, New York 1996

Rachel Whiteread. Untitled (One Hundread Spaces), (Series of resin casts of the space underneath chairs)

Sensation Exhibition, London 1997

YBA YBA (Young British Artists) A group of conceptual artists,

painters, sculptors and installation artists based in United Kingdom

The term Young British Artists is derived from shows of that name staged at the Saatchi Gallery from 1992 onwards, which brought the artists to fame

They are noted for "shock tactics", use of throwaway materials and wild-living, and are (or were) associated with the Hoxton area of East London

Became famous with their first exhibition, Freeze Freeze organized by Damien Hirst (1988) They achieved considerable media coverage and dominated

British art during the 1990s

Damien Hirst Context:

* HOW DID HE START/DEVELOP HIS WORK?

-He was interested in both science and philosophy Was affected by the development of anatomy, and genetic manipulation-His career was developed by the exhibition, Freeze in 1988 When Charles Saatchi was inspired by his artworks - He did not create his artworks, but was referred by media and other artists like Andy Warhol and the method of De Stijl (Neo-plasticism)

* WHY?

-He wanted to start new and different than other paintings as to indicate his development from his artworks -He always had a strange or extraordinary point of view

- Theme : Death -Hirst’s work is an examination of the processes of life and death; the ironies, falsehoods and desires that we mobilize to negotiate our own alienation and mortality-Hirst’s works demonstrate how today’s society is dangerous and scared as he preserves dead animals into formaldehyde -Hirst’s works clearly focus on modern arts; surrealism, pop arts

Context (continued)

Damien Hirst.The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living, (14-foot (4.3 m) tiger shark immersed in formaldehyde in a vitrine) London 1991

Major Characteristics

* Differences- He mostly attempts to maintain the real concept of his subject

* Similarities - Like other members of YBA, Damien Hirst focuses on the society issues such as drugs, abuse- He won Turner Prize

Damien Hirst.Beautiful revolving sphincter, oops brown painting , (Household gloss paint on canvas, 72" diameter) Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli, Italy 2005

Damien Hirst.The Virgin Mother, (Massive sculpture depicting a pregnant female human, with layers removed from one side to expose the fetus, muscle and tissue layers, and skull underneath) New York City 2006

Damien Hirst.For the Love of God, (Platinum cast of a human skull covered with 8,601 diamonds) White Cube, London 2007

Tracey EminContext:

* HOW DID SHE START/DEVELOP HER WORK?- Her life was unhappy since she was raped, and had an abortion 3 times- She restarted her art studying when her friend encouraged to do so-Her life was developed when her art exhibition at “White Cube” was successful (in London, 1994)

* WHY?-As if it was a new way of expressing her thoughts, she wanted to impress other people about her true life, including the past

Context (continued) -Major theme: attempts upon demonstrating true life -She tries to not hide everything she had experienced-Most of her artworks are installation of pieces she has-She says that; “Being artist is not only about creating arts and being praised, but being artist is about communication with something” Meaning that, she always expresses her true emotions and wants to give the audience messages about a life

Tracey Emin. My Bed, (Installation art pieces) London 1998

Major Characteristics

* Differences- Her issues mostly are focused on women- She does not apply any creative methods on her artworks (only applying natural objects such as blanket, books, etc)- More realistic than other artists- She wants to keep her memories by creating her own artworks

* Similarities - Her artworks are based on society issues, such as abortion, rape

Tracey Emin. Everyone I Have Ever Slept With, (Tent exterior) London 1995

Tracey Emin. Everyone I Have Ever Slept With, (Tent interior) London 1995

Chris OfiliContext:

* HOW DID HE START/DEVELOP HIS WORK?

- When he visited to Africa, he learned about his identity, African This inspired him as much as he changed the way he created artworks- He became famous through Sensation exhibition

* WHY?

-He wanted to indicate his idea against racial discrimination and to protect the rights of black people

Context (continued)

- Major theme: Africans- He does not want to show only his work, but he also wants to entertain the audience with his paintings, installations, etc- He is not interested in 20th century art because he often wants to use aboriginal materials from Africa as well as he focuses on aboriginal African people

Chris Ofili. Her Gift Two & His Gift Two (Gouache, ink, charcoal, golden leaf on paper) New York 2006

Major Characteristics

* Differences- He focuses on specific group of people (African)- One of materials he used for his art was elephant’s ‘dung’ His paintings were mostly oil paintings, but every time it included elephant’s ‘dung’

* Similarities - Also, focusing on one of the biggest social issues, discrimination and liberalism

Chris Ofili. No Woman No Cry, (Acrylic paint, oil, polyester resin, paper collage, map pins, elephant dung on canvas) London 1998

Chris Ofili. Annunciation, (Bronzed sculpture ) London 2006

Rachel WhitereadContext:

•HOW DID SHE START/DEVELOP HER WORK?

Major Theme: Human traces left on ordinary objects- In 1993, she was commissioned to make House, the cast of the inside of a Victorian house in East London, which provoked considerable media and public attention- She was also influenced by Minimalism

* WHY?-She wants to illustrate that: “[Casts carry] the residue of years and years of use”

Major Characteristics* Differences- most of her works are casts of ordinary domestic objects and the spaces that the objects do not inhabit (“Negative Space”) instead producing a solid cast of where the spaces within a container would be; particular parts of rooms, the area underneath furniture - Unlike other YBAs, Whiteread feels uncomfortable with controversial issues- Her works are focused on archetypal everyday subjects, such as tables, chairs, etc

* Similarities - She also won Turner Prize in 1993

Rachel Whiteread. Cabinet VIII, (Sculpture of 1 metal cupboard, 55 plaster units) London 2007

Rachel Whiteread.

Ghost, (Plaster on steel frame) London 1990

Rachel Whiteread. House, (Controversial sculpture) London 1993

Rachel Whiteread. Untitled (stacks), (Plaster, polystyrene, and steel) London 1999

Rachel Whiteread.

Stairs, (Plaster on staircases) London 2001

Sam Taylor – wood

Sam Taylor-Wood was born in London in 1967, and she is now an outstanding British artist of the younger generation (YBA). She graduated from the sculpture department at Goldsmiths College in London in 1990 and then she went on to become a prolific film-maker and photographer.

In 1997 she was named Most

encouraging Young Artist at the Venice

Biennial. She was also nominated for

the prestigious Turner Prize in

England in 1998. Her creative works

combine elements of photography, film

and video installations. The human

figure isolated on film remains a

characteristic element in her works.

And her projects are included in the

collections of some of the world's most

important museums.

Sam Taylor-Wood. Five Revolutionary Seconds I, 1995

Five Revolutionary Seconds series were taken with a camera that panned 360 degrees around a room during a five-second exposure.

Sam Taylor Wood. Five Revolutionary Seconds VII 1997

Most of Five Revolutionary Seconds are not available in the Internet because they deal with sexuality.

Sam Taylor Wood. Five Revolutionary Seconds X 1997

While the image is a still photograph, the accompanying soundtrack records sounds and conversational fragments taped during the photo shoot. The people seen are the people heard, but their speech is out of character, the sounds not correlated to the image.

Sam Taylor Wood. Five Revolutionary Seconds XIII

Sam Taylor Wood Pieta 2001

Pieta is a large-scale video that based on Michelangelo‘s sculpture. Sam Taylor Wood portrays the artist struggling to hold actor Robert Downey Jr. in the pose of the dying Christ.

Michelangelo La Pietà, 1499

Taylor-Wood has explored notions of weight and gravity in elegiac, poised photographs and films such as series of self-portraits (Self Portrait Suspended I – VIII ) that depict the artist floating in mid air without the aid of any visible support.

Sam Taylor-Wood Self Portrait Suspended I 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood had cancer between 1997 to 2001. These works are intended to convey a sense of insecurity and loneliness which reveal her inner scenery.

Sam Taylor-Wood Self Portrait Suspended II 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Self Portrait Suspended III 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Self Portrait Suspended IIII 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Self Portrait Suspended V 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Self Portrait Suspended VI 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Self Portrait Suspended VII 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Self Portrait Suspended VIII 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Robin Williams 2004

Crying Men is another series of images she created. It is a treatise on the theme of sadness. It attempts to capture the moment between the real and the unreal, the imitation and the authentic.

Sam Taylor-Wood Ryan Gosling 2004

By her use of celebrity actors as models, the viewer debates the sincerity of their tears of sadness. Therefore we do not know whether or not their emotions are sincere.

Sam Taylor-Wood Daniel Craig 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Benicio Del Toro 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Uilyaf Defoe 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Dustin Hoffman 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Ed Harris 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Forest Uaytekker 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Gabriel Byrne 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Hayden Christiansen 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Kris Kristofferson 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Laurence Fishburne 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Michael Madsen 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Paul Newman 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Tim Roth 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Sam Shepard 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Sean Penn 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Steve Buscemi 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Woody Harrelson 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Ben Stiller 2004

Sam Taylor-Wood Jude Lau 2004

Bram Stoker’s Chair series are the recent artwork that captured instantaneous movements. This work was done with ropes. Specialists fastened her body with ropes.

Sam Taylor-Wood Bram Stoker's Chair I 2005

This series depicts conscious acts of self-iconoclasm in which the artist’s face is obliterated, either by being draped with her hair or otherwise masked by a trailing arm.

Sam Taylor-Wood Bram Stoker's Chair II 2005

Sam Taylor-Wood Bram Stoker's Chair III 2005

These mark a departure from the tribulations of her emotional self towards physical trials of the body.

Sam Taylor-Wood Bram Stoker's Chair IV 2005

Sam Taylor-Wood Bram Stoker's Chair VI 2005

Sam Taylor-Wood Bram Stoker's Chair VII 2005