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The Search
Process &
Working with
SourcesISAC 195 W
The Search Process & Working
with Sources
Nicole Branch, MLIS
Research Librarian
510.436.1060
Agenda
Today we will explore…
The search process
Tools to help your search
Working with sources
Research Process
Think back on a time you did research for
a class. In one minute….
Write down something you like about
research and something that you find
frustrating.
Research ProcessNeed for
Information
Start searching
Exploration
Formulate Ideas
Gather the real information you need
Presentation
Adapted from Carol Collier Kuhlthau
Topic Development
Scholarly Articles
Websites
Encyclopedias, Dictionaries
Using Sources to Define Your
Topic
Reference materials
Web searches
Scholarly databases
Working With Sources
Quoting
Summarizing
Paraphrasing
Synthesizing
Citing!
Quoting
Using the exact words of another.
Example
“Cassius Clay is a slave name. I didn't
choose it and I don't want it. I am
Muhammad Ali, a free name - it means
beloved of God - and I insist people use it
when people speak to me and of me.”
- Muhammad Ali
Summarizing
“The brief restatement of a source’s main
ideas”
From: Joshua Vossler summary video
Example
[Ali] goes on to point out how names are closely linked to stereotypes of both national and ethnic identity and when a reporter asks if he intends to change his name 'legally', Ali rejects the idea that he must ask permission to choose his own name.
From:https://diva.sfsu.edu/collections/sfbatv/bundles/186005
Paraphrasing“Paraphrasing is the use of another’s ideas to
enhance your own work. In a paraphrase, you rewrite in your own words the ideas taken from the source. Paraphrases avoid excessive reliance on quotations and demonstrate that you understand the source author’s argument.”
From: Undergraduate Writing Center, University of Texas at Austin, http://uwc.utexas.edu/node/79
Example
Marqusee notes that Ali’s personality and
career could not be confined to one nation, he
inspired people from all around the globe…. It
appears that writing trying to asses the impact
of Muhammed Ali… characterize Ali as an
inclusive rather than exclusive figure.
Considering Ali’s allegiance to separatist Nation
of Islam in America, these conclusions add to
the complexity of Ali and his ongoing legacy.
From: Saeed, 2002, p. 51
Synthesizing“In composition courses, “synthesis” commonly
refers to writing about printed texts, drawing together particular themes or traits that you observe in those texts and organizing the material from each text according to those themes or traits.”
From: Drew University Online Resources for Writers http://www.users.drew.edu/~sjamieso/Synthesis.htm
ExampleRecently there has been a contentious debate surrounding the use of the term ‘black’ in relation to those of South-Asian origin in Britain. Some authors regard the term as inaccurate, especially in relation to subsequent generations, whilst others believe it is useful in creating a pan-identity with which to challenge (white) racism.
From: Saeed, 2002, p. 64
Writing Pyramid
Synthesizing
Paraphrasing
Summarizing
Quoting
Summary PracticeOpposed to the draft, Ali refused to serve in the Vietnam War. He was convicted of violating the Selective Service Act in 1967 and stripped of his titles. He was also banned from boxing anywhere, since his boxing license was universally revoked….. Ali appealed his conviction, and it was overturned by the Supreme Court on a technicality.
From: Encyclopedia of American Studies, 2010
Now
Summarize it.
How’d you do?Opposed to the draft, Ali refused to serve in the Vietnam War. He was convicted of violating the Selective Service Act in 1967 and stripped of his titles. He was also banned from boxing anywhere, since his boxing license was universally revoked….. Ali appealed his conviction, and it was overturned by the Supreme Court on a technicality.
From: Encyclopedia of American Studies, 2010
When to cite
Provide credit each time you quote,
paraphrase, summarize or synthesize
someone’s work.
Applies to ideas as well as written words.
Two Sides of Citation
Citations in-text.
Reference list or works cited list.
Every citation in-text must be in your
reference list; every item in your reference
list must be in your text.
Example In-Text: Direct Quote
Saeed observes “Considering Ali’s
allegiance to separatist Nation of Islam in
America, these conclusions add to the
complexity of Ali and his ongoing legacy”
(2002, p. 51).
Example In-Text: Summary
Saeed observes the contradiction between
the image of Ali as a unifying force and his
ties to a religious organization that is
identified as separatist (2002).
Example Reference List
Saeed, A. (2002). What's in a name?
Muhammad Ali and the politics of
cultural identity. Culture, Sport,
Society, 5(3), 51-72.
Closing
Survey:
https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/parap
hrase
Thank you!
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