PBL 37 LET ME STAND TALL

HAFIZ BIN MOHD RAZAK (98)

TYPES OF FRACTURE

FRACTURE

• Bone fracture is a medical condition in which there is a damage in the continuity of the bone – broken bone.

• This can the be the result of high force impact or stress - physical force exerted on the bone is stronger than the bone itself.

• Pathologic fracture – fracture as a result of medical conditions that weaken the bone such as• Osteoporosis• Bone cancer• Osteogenesis imperfecta

CLASSIFICATION OF FRACTURE

SOFT TISSUE INVOLVEMENT

1. Closed fracture

2. Open fracture/ compound fracture

DISPLACEMENT

1. Non-displaced

2. Displaced

FRACTURE PATTERN

1. Linear2. Transverse3. Oblique4. Spiral 5. Impacted6. Avulsion

FRAGMENTS

1. Incomplete 2. Complete3. Comminuted

SOFT TISSUE INVOLVEMENT

CLOSED FRACTURE/ SIMPLE FRACTURE

• Broken bone do not break the skin

OPEN FRACTURE/ COMPOUND FRACTURE

• The ends of the broken bone tear the skin

• They are at the risk of infection

DISPLACEMENTNON - DISPLACED

FRACTURE

The bone cracks either part or all the way through, but does not move and maintains proper alignment

DISPLACED FRACTURE

The bone snaps into two or more parts and moves so that the two ends are not lined up straight

Tibial fracture

Mid radius fracture

FRACTURE PATTERNLINEAR FRACTURE

Break in a cranial bone resembling a thin line, without splintering, depression, or distortion of bone

TRANSVERSE FRACTURE

The broken piece of bone is at a right angle to the bone’s axis

Right parietal skull fracture

Ulna fracture

FRACTURE PATTERNOBLIQUE FRACTURE

The bone break has a curved or sloped pattern

SPIRAL FRACTURE

Cause by twisting force which result in spiral-shaped fracture line about the bone, like a staircase.

Tibia fracture

Humerus fracture

FRACTURE PATTERNAVULSION FRACTURE

Bone fracture which occurs when a fragment of bone tears away from the main mass of bone as a result of physical trauma

IMPACTED FRACTURE

Bone breaks fragments are driven to other bone fragments

Calcaneus fracture

Humerus

FRAGMENTSINCOMPLETE FRACTURE

The bone cracked but does not completely break into pieces

COMPLETE FRACTURE

The bone breaks into two or more pieces.

Radius fracture

FRAGMENTSCOMMINUTED FRACTURE

Break of splinter of the bone into more than two fragments.

Tibia-fibula fracture

REFERENCES• https://www.innerbody.com/image/skel06.html • http://www.healthline.com/health/fracture