By- Vishal Kumar Gupta

TERABIT NETWORK The Future Network

Terabit networks support transmission rates of at least one trillion(10^12) bits/second (Tb/s).

It provides the capacity and bandwidth to meet-Increasing customer demand for data and

voice communications.To support future Internet growth of

high quality video.To support e-Commerce application.

What is it…??Introduction

Its proper design will lead to reduce- The latency for Long Haul Network (LHN)

traffic.The time needed for new circuit

provisioning.Overall network management complexity.

Introduction (conti…)

Challenges and Requirements

The current market and service drivers give rise to some unique terabit network challenges and requirements.

Chief among these are-Network scalability, Flexibility, Efficiency and transparency, Improved network management & operations costs,Multi-protocol support, Rapid service recovery,Authentication, authorization and accounting.

Terabit network applications are characterized by unpredictable client traffic demands along with Quality of Service (QoS).

Traditionally, traffic planners could consider capacity growth in three-, five- and ten-year increments.

Today, the rapid and explosive growth in web video, mobile messaging, wi-fi and wi-max applications, means time frames as short as six months must also be considered.

Thus, graceful scalability is a prime terabit network requirement.

Network Scalability-

From an end-user service perspective, terabit network platforms must be very flexible, enabling clients to increase service velocity on demand at any time, and from any location.

The networks must also efficiently accommodate a diverse set of both differentiated service offerings (e.g., based on priority, resiliency, etc.), and wide-ranging traffic characteristics (e.g. real-time traffic, legacy protocols, high peak traffic, etc.).

Flexibility, Efficiency and Transparency

Today’s users not only want more bandwidth for their money, they demand simpler and low-cost network management & operations procedures.

Hence terabit network equipment suppliers must offer both operational savings and support modular deployments, and continuous growth.

Improved Network Management & Operations Costs

As new services are increasing-Terabit Network is implementing “de-

layered” and transparent network infrastructure to support all customer services along all locations.

Providing reduced transmission and operations overhead for a variety of protocols.

Supporting OSI and TCP/IP both model. Supports Terabit Ethernet.

Terabit Network supports Multi-Service protocol.

Multi-Protocol Support

Terabit Network is using RPR (Resilient Packet Ring) technology to define the protocols for service recovery with SONET/SDH network providers

IEEE 802.17 Standard are accustomed to meet to a maximum dual-ring-topology restoration time of 50 mSec.

There is a possibility of even faster recovery times.

New terabit network technologies must offer at least this level of protection or better.

Rapid Service Recovery

A key terabit network infrastructure issue is how to provide the servers and security mechanisms to ensure that no single person or resource can gain network access without proper authorization.

Authentication, Authorization and Accounting

Terabit Network supports layered architecture model.

The lowest layer supports multi-service access for all types of data, voice, and video over a single packet-cell-based infrastructure.

The benefits of multi-service access are reduced OPerating EXpenses (OPEX)2, higher performance, greater flexibility, integration and control, and faster service deployment.

Service Network Architecture

Figure 1: Layered Terabit Network Service Architecture

CON is the heart of architecture which serves to interconnect the multi-service access points with the service platform.

CON is designed with minimal complexity to reduce costs, while still flexibly and efficiently supporting multi-service transport because per-bit profit margins is constrained by aggressive competition.

CON packet forwarding overhead is greatly reduced through use of Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) technology.

…continueCore Optical Network-

Internet Protocol (IP) packets have a field in their header containing the address to which the packet is to be routed.

Traditional routing networks process this information at every router in a packet's path through the network. *

But in Terabit Network- When the data packet enters the first router,

the header analysis is done just once and a new label is attached to the packet using MPLS.

Subsequent CON MPLS routers can then forward the packet by inspecting only the new label.

Packet Routing

MPLS classified CON routers into two categories-1. Label Edge Routers(LERs):

High class packet classifiers It apply and remove the requisite MPLS Labels.

2. Label Switch Routers(LSRs): Core Routers It performs routing based on Label Switching.

MPLS technology supports both traffic prioritization and QoS.

It can be used to carry many different kinds of traffic, including IP packets, ATM, SONET, and Ethernet.

Multi-Protocol Label Switching

The layered architecture includes following network topologies-

Service Network

Personal Area Network (PAN)- Areas one to three meters in extent which are serviced by wireless technologies such as Bluetooth, Zigbee and Wireless Universal Serial Bus (WUSB).

Local Area Network (LAN)- It links user premises to the first network node. In this network model LAN will support 100Gbps.

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)- Provide corporate connections inside the city. Fiber optics and Ethernet protocol is the

favorite as a MAC layer in use.

…Continue

Distribution and Transport Network (LHN)-

Regional Area Network (RAN)- Used for localized services from a regional

carrier, a local enterprise, or a county or group of cities.

RANs are needed for services that exceed geographic boundaries such as those for international corporations, national services, federal police networks, etc.

…Continue

Terabit Network is implemented using wave transmission technology i.e. WDM.

Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) has dominated fiber-optic transmission technology since the development of tunable lasers.

WDM technologies –1. Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing

(DWDM) for long haul transmission.2. Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing

(CWDM) for metropolitan transmission.

Terabit Optical Technologies

Very precise and very costly.Supports hundreds of optical channels.Right technology for Distribution and

Transport Network inside the LHON (Long Haul Optical Network).

DWDM requires that optical channels be provisioned on specialized nodes.

Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing

Inexpensive and can be implemented on a variety of physical media.

Supports only 18 optical channels.Appropriate technology for PON local access

networks.CWDM can be easily implemented with point-

to-point or point-to-multipoint topologies

Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing