Socials Daily Life Project Religion By Saina

ReligionReligion is one of the most important part of the ancient history, although it isn’t easy to find what the religion of different ancient civilizations were like, thousands of years ago, when there are a little remains left. Some remains that are left are books (which can’t be read easily), mummies, religious buildings like temples, and statues or artworks on temples which show what ancient people worshipped.!Part of the religion is gods, belief of the people, death and religious buildings. In each of the ancient civilizations people had different kinds of religions and beliefs. In this Power point I am going to talk about the religions in ancient civilizations, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Rome, China and a modern country, Canada.

Mesopotamia !Ancient Mesopotamians had its own unique religion like all the other ancient civilizations because they all had gods and a goddesses, some had demons and monsters, religious buildings and beliefs, But the gods and goddesses and beliefs were all different from each other in each ancient civilization. Ancient Mesopotamia had amazing religious structures, gods, goddesses, monster, demons, and interesting beliefs in afterlife.

Gods, Goddesses, Demons, And Monsters

!Gods and Goddesses were creatures which looked like humans but stronger, more beautiful and powerful. The main gods and goddesses of Ancient Mesopotamia were Ea (god of the water, wisdom, farming, building magic, arts, and crafts), Adad (the god of storms. He had an lightening stick which showed his power over the nature), Gula (the goddess of the healing and doctors), and lama (the goddess that protected people from dangers in their daily life). Demons were creatures that had human body and animal’s head. Some of demons were good but some were evil. A dragon-demon called Mushhushshu was used by the gods for transportation. An evil demon which had lion’s head, devoured newborn children and frightened adults in their dreams. Monsters were large, frightening creatures that haunted ancient mesopotamian’s myths. !!

Who Did Ancient Mesopotamians Worship?!Gods, Goddesses, demons and monsters were very important in Ancient mesopotamia. They were the one that were worshipped and honoured in every house because the people of Mesopotamia believed that their world was controlled by them. There were hundreds of different, powerful gods in Ancient Mesopotamia, like all the other ancient civilizations, who were responsible for different thing in the world like nature, plants, humans and animals, art, and etc.. According to the Mesopotamians believed each city had its own special god or goddess and its family. Because people of Mesopotamia believed that their daily lives were depended on the gods they tried to keep them as happy and satisfied as possible by making them large, beautiful temples as their homes, at the centre of the cities. People didn’t go to the gods or goddesses temples to offer them good and valuable things, there were smaller temples for people’s

offerings.

Religious StructuresAs mentioned, in Mesopotamia,

each god or goddess had its own temple so there are hundreds of religious buildings in

Mesopotamia. Some of the remains of these buildings show scientists what they worshipped, what were their beliefs, and etc.. There were many things including gods, goddesses,

demons and monsters, drawn or carved on the temple’s walls. No body was allowed inside the temples, but the priests. People believed that gods and goddesses were living inside the temples. One of these temples which was built by Sumerians, Babylonians, Assyrians (all part of Mesopotamia) for the gods and goddesses, called Ziggurats has remained. This religious building is shaped like a pyramid is made of millions of sun-dried mud brick. this building was located exactly at the centre of the city and helped scientists to learn about Mesopotamian type of

religion and architecture.

Afterlife Ancient Mesopotamians believed that there is afterlife for dead people. they believed that the underworld, where all the dead people are, is connected to the upper world. Mesopotamians buried their dead under the ground (People who didn’t have enough money to bury their dead in good places, buried their dead under the ground in their backyards). They believed that if the dead body be buried under the ground in tomb, the dead person would be closer to the afterlife or the underworld where all the dead people will live again.

Ancient Egypt

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!Religion is one of the most important part of the Ancient Egypt. Like all the other ancient civilizations, Egyptians had gods, religious buildings, their own style of burying dead people, and beliefs. Ancient Egypt’s history is very important because of their Great Pyramids, mummification, gods, and kings. !

History of Gods !Ancient Egyptians had 2000 gods and goddesses. Egyptians believed that in the beginning, the universe was filled with dark water. The first god called Re-Atum came out from the water. When he spat, the god of the air, Shu, and goddess of moisture, Tefnut, were created. The world and new gods were created when Shu and Tefnut gave birth to goddess of the sky, Nut, and god of the earth, Geb. One day Tefnut and Shu got lost so Re-Atum sent his eyes to find them. After he found them, the first people were created by his tears of joy. Nut had five children, Osiris, Isis, Set, Nephthys, and Horus-the-Elder. One of them, Osiris was the king of Egypt. (Some of the god were kings in Ancient Egypt). The gods and goddesses of Greek and Egypt were ancestors, that was why most of Egyptian gods came to Egypt to be safe from Typhon. That was when the number of gods increased and they became one of the most important part of the history. Worshipping gods and goddesses were very important to Egyptians. The gods of states and officials like Amun, Horus, and Bastet were worshipped by Pharaoh and priest in large temples. Some other were worshipped by ordinary people at their home (gods and goddesses like Bes and Tawaret who protected people from dangers in daily life.

DeathMummification Ancient Egyptians believed that there is a after-life. They believed that when a person dies they would have a new life.That was why Egyptians mummified the dead people. Egyptians believed that people were going to need their origins (like heart, not brain, which was the centre of thoughts) so they located their origins in a salty substance called natron. Each origin was stored in a special jar called canonic jar (Ancient Egyptians removed the moist part of the body so that the body lasts longer). The important people of the country like the kings, his family, and etc. were mummified and buried in special buildings like temples or pyramids in tombs with a lot of valuable things like golden dishes, jewellery, and etc.. Normal people were buried in deserts. Ancient Egyptians mummified animals too because animals were very important to gods.

Religious BuildingsPyramids Some buildings like Pyramids were built for the mummies. The main reason that The Great Pyramids were built was to be a place where pharaoh, his family, and some other important people of Ancient Egypt would have been placed. Near the Great Pyramids, there were smaller pyramids. That was were some rich and famous people’s mummified body would have been placed. Temples In Ancient Egypt’s temples were built for gods, goddesses, and Pharaoh. Gods and goddesses were worshiped in special, large temples. Temples were also used for Pharaoh’s ceremonies since he was one of the most important and powerful king of the Ancient Egypt. Art Works on Religious Buildings There are artwork on mostly all the important religious buildings in Egypt. these artworks helped scientists to find out about Egypt’s history.

Ancient Rome

Romans had some amazing religion just like other ancient civilizations. They had their own gods and religious buildings/ temples. Romans religion changed over time including the people they worshiped. At the

beginning of the Roman civilization, some people worshipped Jupiter, the lord of the sky and the special protector of Roman state, some other

worshipped gods like Mars, Venus, love, war, and goddesses like Minerva (goddess of wisdom) and Juno who protected women but at the end of the civilization, people started worshipping

Isis, Egyptian goddess of new life.

Religious Buildings!There are many charming, large buildings and temples in Rome including Temple of Venus, Pantheon, Hercules Victor, bacchus, and etc.. Romans built temples for each of the gods and goddesses as their homes since they were one of the most important part of their religion. One of the most magnificent religious building in Rome is the Pantheon. Pantheon is a temple which was constructed for to honour of all the gods. This religious building is one of the few buildings left undamaged trough out hundred of years (it was built between 118-125 C.E.). Pantheon was converted to a christian church in 609 C.E. Although the new owner of the Pantheon removed the Roman statues, the rest of the building including the tall stone columns, mosaic floor, and domed roof survived. the building looks like as it was in the Roman time (hundreds of years ago). The religious buildings like Pantheon help archeologists a lot because of the things carved and used in the temples or the statues they made.

Gods And Goddesses!Romans had gods and goddesses like the Ancient Egyptians and mesopotamians. Romans’ beliefs started changing over time. Romans pictured their gods as looking like humans but bigger, more beautiful and much stronger. they believed gods would people who pleased and respected them and punish the one who offended them. Because of this people tried to keep the gods happy and satisfied by taking fruits, flowers and etc. to them. From around the first century, Romans started worshipping gods and goddess from other ancient civilizations like Egypt (Isis, goddesses of new life), Turkey (Cybele, a mother-goddess from Turkey), and Persia (Iran) (Mithras the god of light). Romans started giving new names, physical appearances, and personalities to the gods (similar to the Greek Mythology gods and goddesses but not as scary and terrifying). Romans were persecuted until the 313 but some changed to christians in the first century. Romans had made new statues and religious buildings for their new gods and goddesses. Ancient Romans worshipped different and their private gods (Lares who guarded the household and family and penates who protected the store-cupboard that was the family’s wealth and well being, at home. Roman men also worshipped their family’s genius which was their the ancestral spirit that lived in them that would pass on to their children when they die.

Religious Ceremonies

Romans had religious ceremonies through out the year to remind people that gods were watching them. The public religious ceremonies were lead and held by the priests and priestesses who were the most important families in Rome. Many powerful and reach people attended the ceremony including emperors and politicians. people learned about gods and their amazing powers and why they should believe in them in these ceremonies. The ceremonies were one of the most important part of the country.

Gods And GoddessesIn this slide, all the gods and goddesses (with their powers) of ancient mesopotamia, Egypt, and Rome is represented.

Ancient Civilizations Egypt Mesopotamia Rome

Air Shu Enlil Jupiter Aka JoveAnimals Bast, Heket, Manhit Ishkur Fauna

Fire Sehkment Gibil VulcanLight Athor Nusku ApolloLove Hathor Ishtar Cupid

Marriage Isis Inana JunoEarth Geb Ki Terra MasterMusic Hathor Inana ApolloNight Anubis Alu NoxSleep Tutu Enten HypnosStars Nut Shamash ApolloMagic Isis Ningirama Trivia

Underworld Anubis Shurmanu PlutoWar Horus Nergal Mars

Water! Sobek Amathuanta NeptuneProtection Bes, Tavaret Amulet FacinusWisdom Thoth Nabu Minerva

Modern CanadaModern Canada has an amazing religion and culture. Canada’s religion is very different from the Ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, Rome, and China because Canada is a modern civilizations but they are ancient civilizations. As we know by the time many things changed including religions and beliefs of people.

ReligionAt first, the only people who lived in Canada were

first nations. But when people from Europe came to Canada and started living there, new religions and cultures were formed. When Canada became a democratic country, people from all over the world came to Canada and formed a multi- religion country. There are many different people with different types of religion and culture living in Modern Canada since Canada is a democratic and everyone can choose what to believe in and what to worship freely. There are about 32,852,300 people living in Canada. out of this great population, there are about 67% Christian, 23.9% no religious affiliation and 8.1% other (3.2% Muslim, 1.5% Hindu, 1.4% sikh, 1.1%, Buddhist, and 1.0% Jewish). Although there are many different type of people with different religions living in Canada, the main or common religion is Christianity because most of the population are Christens in Canada. Canada is a Secular Nation.

Christians!As mentioned one of the most common religion in Canada is Christianity. there are Christians all over the world in many countries, therefore, they are divided into smaller groups. Some major ones are Catholic, Orthodox, Uniting Church, Protestant, and Baptist. All of these groups

believed in Jesus as their leader. Jesus was a honest, wise special person who made people believe in god and

prevented people from believing and worshipping wrong things and encouraged them to believe in god. He was sent from the god to teach people about god and what they

should believe in. Jesus had a book called Bible. In the book Bible,

everything is written about Christians and about life of Jesus (Gospel).

Religious Buildings

There are masques, churches, and etc.. in Canada but the number of churches is the most (again because of the percentage of the Christians

living in Canada). Canadians go to churches to worship god, learn more about Bible and Jesus, make friends, pray and etc.. They usually go to churches on Sunday mornings because they believe that’s when Jesus was resurrected and it was a new beginning for the world. There are hundreds of churches in Canada. The churches are different. Some are for Catholics, Orthodoxes, Uniting Churches, Protestants, and

Baptists.

Religious Ceremonies!There are different types of religious ceremonies in Canada. Through out the year, people living in Canada celebrate different things. For example: 1.Christmas because it’s the birthday of Jesus (the new year). Other new years like Iranian, Chinese, and etc. is also celebrated in Canada. 2. Good Friday is the day that Christians show their respect to jesus Christ’s crucifixion. 3. Easter is the day when Jesus came back to life, that is why it is celebrated not just by Christians but by people all around the world with different cultures and religions. 4. Muharram is the first day of new year for Muslims that is celebrated in Canada, Iran, etc.. people eat bread and drink wine in memory of the last meal that Christ had with his disciples.

Ancient China

Introduction Ancient China has a religion like all the other Ancient civilization or modern countries. Ancient Chinese had their own beliefs, type of religion, religious buildings, and worshipped

different creatures than the other civilizations. This made their

religion unique.

Spirits!Ancient Chinese religion had different parts. One of the most important part of Chinese Religion was the spirit and demon which effected everyday life. These were the sprits of nature and different parts of life including wealth, children, health, and happiness. If people wanted to have safe and good life, they had to keep the spirits happy by worshipping them everyday. Some of the powerful kings were part of the spirits in Ancient china. The guardian king of the North, who controlled the north compass, was also one of the many spirits and demons that could change the everyday daily life of people. !Ancient Chinese also worshipped their parents’, grandparents’, great grandparents’, and other ancestors too. In special days in spring and autumn, Chinese people went to religious temples with their families to worship their ancestors.

Religious Buildings

There are many temples, palaces, castles, and amazing and large buildings made in Ancient China. Some of these buildings including religious temples were made for people to come to worship their parents’, grandparents’, great grandparents’, and other ancestors. About 300 of them were for the taoists. Most of these buildings have carved things on them which shows the scientist what Chinese people worshipped and did in Ancient China. !Unlike the temples and religious buildings in Mesopotamia or Egypt where people weren’t allowed to come into the temples even for offerings to gods, goddesses, demons and monsters, Chinese people were all allowed to go into the temples and worship the spirits.

3 Main Religions In Ancient China!Three major religions or philosophies of Ancient China was Taoism, Confucianism, and Buddhism. People of Ancient China were divided into these three groups. When these types of Chinese religion were first created, people started believing in them and then their children followed what their ancestors believed in and worshipped. Buddhism was first created and became a major religion in Ancient China 2000 years ago. It was widely excepted by many Chinese people. After becoming important and many people believed it, it was divided into smaller groups called Han, Tibetan and Southern Buddhism. Buddhism brought a new religion and a new culture to not just China but countries like Japan, India, and etc. (a person called Jianzhen traveled to other countries to spread this religion). Confucian was not a real religion. It was just a philosophical system that was developed by the Confucius at first. It was later treated as a kind of belief (religion) to educate common people. It became a major religion because of the emperor Wu of Han Dynasty who believed in this type of religion. Since then it became stable in Ancient China. Taoism is was the third major type of religion in Ancient China. It has existed for more than 1800 years in China. When this religion was created and became major in Ancient China, it made some differences in Chinese religion specially their traditions. About 300 taoist temples were made in Ancient China. Taoists lived all around China. Many of them lived in Hong kong. Today many people still believe in this type of religion.

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interesting because it had ancient Mesopotamian written on it.

"Burial." Ancient History Encyclopedia. N.p., 2009. Web. 2014. <http://www.ancient.eu.com/burial/>. This website was very helpful. It was at a grade 7 reading level so it was

easy to understand. Some great pictures were included which made the

written more clear. The website helped me answer my question.

"Canopic Jar." Gates of Egypt. N.p., n.d. Web. 2014. <http://gatesofegypt.blogspot.ca/2010/01/canopic-jars.html>. This pictures shows what canonic hard where like in Ancient Egypt.

"Christianity." About.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 2014. <http://christianity.about.com/od/faqhelpdesk/a/whygotochurch.htm>. This website was very helpful. It was at a grade 7 reading level so it was easy to

understand. Some great pictures were included which made the written more clear. The website helped me answer my question.

Corso, Rob. Religious Structures. Wiki. Rob Corso, n.d. Web. 2014. <http://hentz-humanities-wiki.wikispaces.com/RJR>. This website had good pictures of religious structures in Ancient mesopotamia.

"Easter Hugs." LOVE THIS PIC. N.p., n.d. Web. 2014. <http://www.lovethispic.com/image/64033/easter-hugs>. this picture shows Easter and how fun it is for Christians.

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This website was very helpful. It was at a grade 7 reading level so it was easy to understand.

Some great pictures were included which made the written more clear. The website helped me answer my question.

"Gods, Goddesses, Demons, And Monsters." Mesopotamia. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://www.mesopotamia.co.uk/gods/home_set.html>. This website was very helpful. It was at a grade 7 reading level so it was

easy to understand. Some great pictures were included which made the

written more clear. The website helped me answer my question.

"History: Egyptians." BBC. N.p., n.d. Web. 2014. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/>. This picture really matched my slide and written and made my paragraph's more clear.

"Holidays and Observances." Timeanddate.com. N.p., 1995. Web. 2014. <http://www.timeanddate.com/holidays/canada/>. This website helped me with the religious holidays celebrated in Canada. There were no

pictures.

How did people worship the gods and goddesses? The Gods And Goddesses of Ancient Egypt. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 May 2014. <http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/gods/about/how.html>. This website helped me

understand Ancient Egyptian's region better. The written was at a grade seven stunt level and easy to understand. The website was very helpful but didn't have enough pictures to make the written clear.

"Human-Headed Winged Lion." The Metropolitan Museum of Art. N.p., 2000. Web. 2014. <http://www.metmuseum.org/learn/for-educators/lesson-plans-and-pre-visit-guides/gods-goddesses-and-the-

supernatural>. This picture show what demons were like ancient Mesopotamia and makes my written about demons more clear.

Bibliography!Is Canada A Christian Nation? Yahoo Answers. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 May 2014. <https://ca.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20101018224957AAHafdr>. This website was very helpful. It was at a grade 7

reading level so it was easy to understand. There were no pictures. The website helped me answer my question.

Is Christmas a religious holiday? Debate.ORG. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://www.debate.org/opinions/is-christmas-a-religious-holiday>. This website was very helpful. It was at a grade 7 reading level so it was easy

to understand. Some great pictures were included which made the written more clear. The website helped me answer my question.

"Islamic New Year." Happy New Islamic Year Wallpaper. N.p., n.d. Web. 2014. <http://forum.xcitefun.net/happy-new-islamic-year-wallpapers-1434-hijri-t79483.html>. This picture is about islamic new year.

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Mesopotamian Art history, that is why I included the picture.

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reading level so it was

easy to understand. Some great pictures were included which made the

written more clear. The website helped me answer my question.

Mummies. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print. This book was very helpful because it answered m question. It was easy to understand because it was at a grade 7 level. It had amazing 3D pictures which made the written more

clear.

Mummy. Blog of Holding. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://blogofholding.com/?p=1734>. This picture show what a mummy is like to the people that this project is being presented to.

"Notre Dome." Trip Advisor. N.p., n.d. Web. 2014. <http://www.tripadvisor.com.au/LocationPhotoDirectLink-g155032-i20925341-Montreal_Quebec.html>. This picture is a beautiful picture and is one of the

most beautiful religious building (church) of Christians.

People with Different Religions. TEL 212. N.p., n.d. Web. 2014. <https://tel212.wikispaces.com/4.+Opposing+viewpoints>. This picture is a pretty good picture which shows different types of people with

different religions.

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my presentation.

"Religion Ancient Egypt." Simple English Wikipedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Jan. 2014. <http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_of_Ancient_Egypt>. This website was very helpful. It was at a grade 7 reading

level so it was easy to understand. Some great pictures were included which made the written more clear. The website helped me answer my question.

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helpful. It was at a grade 7 reading level so it was

easy to understand. Some great pictures were included which made the

written more clear. The website helped me answer my question.

"Religions and Beliefs in China." Travel China Guide.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Apr. 2014. <http://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/religion/>. This website was very helpful. It

was at a grade 7 reading level so it was easy to understand. Some great pictures were included which made the written more clear. The website helped me answer my

question.

"Religious Beliefs." Ancient Mesopotamia. N.p., 2010. Web. <http://mesopotamianology.webs.com>. This website was very helpful. It answered my question and it was easy

to understand because it was at a grade 7 reading level. It didn't have any pictures to make the written more clear.

Shutter, Jane. The Ancient Chinese. Chicago: Heinemonn Library, 1998. Print. Ancient China. This book helped me a lot in understanding Chinese religion. it was clear and

easy to understand because it was at a grade 7 student reading level. It had some great pictures and interesting facts. This book was very helpful.

Symbols of Different Religions. Wake Forest. N.p., n.d. Web. 2014. <http://college.wfu.edu/religion/students/frequently-asked-questions/>. This picture was helpful and

matched my written because it had different symbols of different religions.

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because I write about ancient religions around the world, I included this picture.

Why do Christians go to church on Sunday? Yahoo Answers. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 May 2014. <https://ca.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20140315121330AAttZOl>.

This website was very helpful. It was at a grade 7 reading level so it was easy to understand. There were no pictures included. The website helped me answer my

question.

WIKIPEDIA The Free Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Feb. 2014. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_temple>. This website was very helpful because it helped me

answer my question and learn more about the thing I researched on. the written was at a grade 7 level so it was easy to understand.

Bibliography!

Gods and Goddesses. Godfinder. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://www.godfinder.org>. This website helped me

find each god's and goddesses's powers.

"List of Egyptians Gods and Goddesses." Simple English Wikipedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 May 2014.

<http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Egyptian_gods_and_goddesses>. This website was

pretty helpful because I learned about Egyptians gods, goddesses and their powers.

"List of Roman gods." Tribunesandtriumphs.org. N.p., n.d. Web. <http://

www.tribunesandtriumphs.org/roman-gods/list-of-roman-gods.htm>. This website was helpful

because it answered my question and I learned about Roman gods an goddesses and all their

powers.

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www.bibliotecapleyades.net/sitchin/mesopotamian_gods.htm>. This website was helpful and I

learned about Mesopotamian gods and goddesses and their powers.

THE END