A contrastive analysis of English and Persian

intonation by AM. Hayati

Dr. M. MostafaeiBy: Sh. Tamizrad

Fall 2014

Content

• Introduction• Contrastive Analysis• Prediction• Subjects• Data• Administration• Data Analysis• Discussion• Conclusion

Introduction

• The first objective: to predict the problems of

Iranian speakers to produce the correct

patterns of English intonation.

• Three level of structure:

– Simple sentence

– Compound sentence

– Complex sentence

Contrastive Analysis

• Simple sentence:

1. Declarative Falling

• Affirmative Similar

• Negative A bit different

Contrastive Analysis

• Simple sentence:

2. Questions

I. WH-Q No difference

Contrastive Analysis

• Simple sentence:

2. Questions

II. Y/N Q Similarities in intonation

Contrastive Analysis

• Compound sentence

1. Coordinate

2. Subordinate

I. Conditional sentence

II. Dependent Clause

Prediction

1. Negative statement

Prediction

2. WH-word Q

Prediction

3. Question tag

Prediction

4. Clauses

Prediction

• Question tag

Data

• Some of the most common structures

• Statements: Affirmative and Negative

• Questions: Wh-word Q and Y/N Q

Administration

• To read and record selected sentences

• Four judges

Data Analysis

• Three aspects:

– words,

– tones,

– Attitudes

• Simple statistics

Discussion

• Affirmative sentences:

Discussion

• Negative sentences:

• Question:

Similarity

Conclusion

1. Stress has significant influence on

intonation

2. The broad definition of similarity and

contrast in CA.

Conclusion

• Level 1: The final syllable of the last word in

equivalent sentences of L1 and L2 is stressed

and accompanied by similar pitch change.

Conclusion

• Level 2: The final syllable of the word is

stressed in two languages regardless of

it’s position in the sentences.

Conclusion

• Level 3: The final two-syllable word of two

equivalent sentences is stressed but the primary

stress occurs on the first syllable in L2 and

second in L1.

Conclusion

• Level 4: Regarding the compound the adj and N

are stressed in L2 and L1. Both languages follow

the same pattern of pitch change depending on

the sentence type.

Conclusion

• Level 5: The negative markers are stressed in L1

but unstressed or less stressed in L2. Pitch

changes occurs on negative markers on L1 but

towards the ends of sentences in L2.

Conclusion

• Level 6: Words are stressed in L1, but unstressed

or less stressed in L2.