Seed sector

SEEDSECTO

RGROUP04

ECON-514FUNDAMENTALS OF

BUSINESS MANAGEMENT2(1+2)

Dr. AMEESH JOHN

STEPHEN

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PRESENTING TEAM• 13BSCAGH008 DAILY GRACE B. RIWAN • 13BSCAGH016 MHASI KHONUOUSOU • 13BSCAGH019 TENLAMONGLA LONGKUMER • 13BSCAGH028 SMITA LAKRA • 13BSCAGH037 DEBORAH RACHEL RANEE • 13BSCAGH055 GIRISH JAISWAL • 13BSCAGH080 GYANENDRA MAURYA

B.Sc. (Hons.) AGRICULTURE BATCH-13 GROUP-04 SEED SECTOR

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SEED A CRUCIAL AGRI-INPUT• Seed is the basic and crucial input for successful crop

production, which holds the key to the farm productivity and profitability.

• The advent of modern plant breeding and technology advances in seed industry has played a significant role in evolution of high yielding varieties and hybrids.

• The principles of introduction, selection, heterosis, use of Cytoplasmic male sterility, self incompatibility and genetic engineering has been exploited in developing new varieties and hybrids by the plant breeder and thus this sudden change have brought and contributed to green revolution in early sixties in the world.

• It is estimated that good quality seeds of improved varieties can contribute about of 20-25 percent increase in production. Thus good quality seeds are seeds of green revolution.


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SEED DEFINATION Seed is defined as

• A ripened ovule or a fertilized matured ovule containing embryo which has developed after fertilization.

• Any part (or) organ of plant which has the capability to regenerate into a new plant

• A propagule responsible for maintaining the intrinsic (or) genetic qualities of the variety / hybrid.

• An ‘embryo’, a living organism embedded in the supporting (or) the food storage tissue and a protective coat.

• Any propagative material. • Carrier of service material. • However, the widely accepted definition for A seed is matured

ovule that consisting of an embryonic plant together with a store of food, all surrounded by a protective coat.


05/03/2023 B.Sc. (Hons.) AGRICULTURE BATCH-13 GROUP-04 SEED SECTOR

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SEED

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SEED TYPEMONOCOTS DICOTS

Embryo with single cotyledon Embryo with two cotyledons

Usually endospermic Usually non-endospermic (Except Castor seed)

Germination usually hypogeal (Except in onion)

Germination usually epigeal (except in pea, gram)

Flower parts in multiples of three Flower parts in multiples of four or five

Major leaf veins parallel Major leaf veins reticulated

Stem vacular bundles scattered Stem vascular bundles in a ring

Roots are adventitious Roots develop from radicle

Secondary growth absent Secondary growth often present

Grains, (wheat, corn, rice, millet) sugarcane, banana, ginger, onions, grass

Legumes (pea, beans, lentils, peanuts) mint, lettuce, tomato, oak, tree, etc.


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SEED TYPE1.Epigeal Germination• The cotyledons come out above the

soil surface and generally turn green and act as first foliage leaves. This type of germination present in groundnut, bean, cotton, sunflower and cotton seeds.


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SEED TYPE2.Hypogeal Germination• The cotyledons do not come above

the soil surface. This type of germination is found in wheat, barley, maize and pea.


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SEED TYPEOn the basis of ViabilityOrthodox Seeds Judean date, Palm seedRecalcitrant seeds Mango, Cocoa and Rubber Seeds



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SEED INDUSTRY

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SEED INDUSTRY• The total world market of seeds was

$34.50 billion in 2011 (source: agprofessional.com) the Indian seed Market is only 3.0% of the total world market ($920).

• As on 2007, the public sector market share is 30% to the private companies which is 70%, but in terms of volume wise they are equally divided.

• The seed industry is increasing at the rate of 5%

• The most impressive growth rate has occurred in Maize seed (23%)

• The total seed exported from India in the year 2000 was Rs. 115Cr


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TOP-10 INDIAN SEED INDUSTRY• VEGETABLE• Century Seeds Pvt. Ltd• Indo-American Hybrid Seeds (India) Pvt. Ltd• VNR Seeds• Sungro Seeds• Syngenta Seeds• Mahyco Seeds• Namdhari Seed• Nuziveedu Seeds • Advanta Seeds • Nirmal Seed


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TOP-10 INDIAN SEED INDUSTRY• CEREAL• Syngenta Seeds• Mansanto Seeds• Mahyco Seeds • Kaveri Seed Company Ltd.• JK Agri Genetics Ltd.• Nuziveedu Seeds • Pioneer Seed company Ltd. • Rasi Seeds• Seedworks India Pvt. Ltd.• ShriramBioseed Genetics


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MARKET TRENDS

1960s – mid 1980s

•Minimal private sector partici-pation•R&D in public domain•Restrictions on germplasm exchange, foreign ownership, etc.

mid 1980s - 1990s

•Seed industry boomed as a result of several Govt. initiatives•Foreign direct investment allowed and encouraged•Imports of improved varieties and breeding lines liberalized•Trade regulations liberalized

Current status•Though nascent, yet•private sector accounts for 70% turnover in seed domestically and is internationally recognised•Due to varied agroclimatic conditions and natural resources, R&D hubs are being created. Almost 1/3 companies have a global technology/ financial partner•Private seed companies are spending 10-12% of their turnover in R&D•R&D budget of medium sized companies is growing @ 20% p.a.


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MARKET CHALLENGES• Increase in the number of seed companies• Highly competitive markets• Long production lead-time• Concentrated seasonal selling period• Product line is perishable• Strict regulatory production• Quality assurance systems• Vulnerable to environmental stresses • Development and registration of new products is often a

long process• Customers are diverse• Have a wide range of product requirements


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MARKET CHALLENGES• Long-term cash flow• Inventory management• Seed production, Processing and quality

assurance• Market knowledge application• Product evaluation and development



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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SEED ACT

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Government Policies in Seed Industry

• National Seed Policy & Act

• Enactment of the Seeds Act, 1966• The Act come into force throughout the country on 2

October 1969 • Seed Review Team-SRT (1968) • National Commission on Agriculture’s Seed Group (1972) • Launching of the World Bank aided National Seeds

Programme (1975-85) in three phases leading to the creation of State Seeds Corporations, State Seed Certification Agencies, State Seed Testing Laboratories, Breeder Seed Programmes etc.

• Seed Control Order (1983) B.Sc. (Hons.) AGRICULTURE BATCH-13 GROUP-04

SEED SECTOR

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Government Policies in Seed Industry

• Creation of the Technology Mission on Oilseeds & Pulses (TMOP) in 1986 now called The Integrated Scheme of Oilseeds, Pulses, Oil Palm and Maize (ISOPOM).

• Seed Transport Subsidy Scheme (1987) • New Policy on Seed Development (1988) • Seed Bank Scheme (2000) • National Seeds Policy (2002)• The Seeds Bill (2004) • Formulation of National Seed Plan (2005)• National Food Security Mission (2007) • RashtriyaKrishiVikasYojna (2007)


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SEED (CONTROL) ORDER• Seed (Control) order was issued in 1983.• Its main features are :• Seed Controller• Issue of License to Dealers• Renewal of License• Appointment of Licensing Authority• Time limit for analysis of samples by Seed

Testing Laboratory • Suspension or Cancellation of License and• Appeal• The Plants, Fruits, and Seeds Order was issued

in 1989 B.Sc. (Hons.) AGRICULTURE BATCH-13 GROUP-04 SEED SECTOR


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SWOT ANALYSIS

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SWOT AnalysisStrengths• A well developed and knitted seed multiplication

and distribution systems linked with several ICAR institutes / SAUs / NSC / SFCI etc.

• A network of 20 seed certification agencies and more than 96 notified seed testing laboratories to legally assure the quality seeds moving in the seed market.

• A large number of varieties in different vegetable crops are available suited to varied agro climatic conditions. This makes the selection easier for taking up production in a particular area.


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SWOT AnalysisStrengths• Our county is bestowed with varied agro

climatic conditions, which can be exploited for taking up seed production of vegetables at any time of the year in one or other past of the country.

• A very fast development of private seed companies which are helpful in bridging. The gap between demand and supply of vegetable seeds in the country.


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SWOT AnalysisWeaknesses• Vegetable seed production in the country has been

vulnerable to vagaries of weather resulting in production of poor quality seeds.

• Availability of realistic data on actual area under vegetable and requirements of vegetable seeds is inappropriate.

• Maintenance of isolation distance. Since in our system there is no restriction for planting any particular vegetable crops in any particular area, it becomes difficult many times to maintain the recommended isolation distance.


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SWOT AnalysisWeaknesses• Very low or no indents for new improved

varieties due to ignorance about the performance of newly developed improved varieties.

• Non-availability of adequate nucleus and breeder seeds in the seed production chain.

• Problems in lifting produced seeds against indents.


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SWOT AnalysisOpportunities• Seed Replacement Rate is around 25% - huge

gap in quality seed requirement• Quality seeds will be main drivers of crop

production• Need for development of improved technologies• Integration with other inputs like crop nutrition

and protection • Several business opportunities in each stage of

the seed value chain • business R&D Production Marketing


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SWOT AnalysisOpportunities• Seed Production • Breeding and Biotech Organizers • Seed Processors • Extension Service • Transport Agencies Providers • Warehouses Farmer Producer Companies, Seed

Cooperatives, Small Scale seed companies


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SWOT AnalysisThrust• 1. Varietal Development and PVP • 2. Seed Production • 3. Quality Assurance • 4. Seed Distribution and Marketing. • 5. Infrastructure facilities • 6. Transgenic Plant Varieties • 7. Import of seeds and planting material • 8. Export of seeds• 9. Promotion of Domestic Seed • 10. Strengthening of monitoring system



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CONCLUSION

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CONCLUSION • Indian seed industry has evolved to become 6th

largest in the world.• Seed is the basic and most critical input for

sustainable agriculture. The response of all other inputs depends on quality of seeds to a large extent.

• The Indian Seed Improvement Programme is backed up by a strong crop improvement programme in both the public and private sectors.

• Thus, the Indian Seed Programme is now occupying a pivotal place in Indian agriculture and is well poised for continued growth in the years to come.


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CONCLUSION • National Seeds Corporation, which is the largest

single seed organization in the country with such a wide product range, pioneered the growth and development of a sound industry in India.

• NSC, SFCI, States Seeds Corporations and other seed producing agencies are continuously and gradually expanding all its activities especially in terms of its product range, volume and value of seed handled, level of seed distribution to the un-reached areas, etc.

• Encouragement for investment in research and infrastructure.


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SOURCE• http://www.slideshare.net/bhupen00000007/indian-

seed-industry?related=1• http://www.slideshare.net/search/slideshow?searchf

rom=header&q=swot+in+seed+in+india• BOOK- PLANT BREEDING B.D. SINGH• http://www.slideshare.net/search/slideshow?searchf

rom=header&q=SWOT+in+seed+industry&ud=any&ft=all&lang=en&sort=

• http://www.slideshare.net/fababioasia/current-issues-and-trends-in-seed-industry-bioasia-2010

• http://seednet.gov.in/material/IndianSeedSector.htm• http://top10companiesinindia.co.in/2014/02/12/top-

10-agriculture-companies-in-india/• http://agriquest.info/index.php/seed-companies• http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/y2722e/y2722e0d.h

tm#TopOfPage• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed#Seed_types


http://www.slideshare.net/bhupen00000007/indian-seed-industry?related=1

http://www.slideshare.net/bhupen00000007/indian-seed-industry?related=1

http://www.slideshare.net/search/slideshow?searchfrom=header&q=swot+in+seed+in+india

http://www.slideshare.net/search/slideshow?searchfrom=header&q=swot+in+seed+in+india

http://www.slideshare.net/search/slideshow?searchfrom=header&q=SWOT+in+seed+industry&ud=any&ft=all&lang=en&sort



http://www.slideshare.net/fababioasia/current-issues-and-trends-in-seed-industry-bioasia-2010

http://www.slideshare.net/fababioasia/current-issues-and-trends-in-seed-industry-bioasia-2010

http://seednet.gov.in/material/IndianSeedSector.htm

http://top10companiesinindia.co.in/2014/02/12/top-10-agriculture-companies-in-india/

http://top10companiesinindia.co.in/2014/02/12/top-10-agriculture-companies-in-india/

http://agriquest.info/index.php/seed-companies

http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/y2722e/y2722e0d.htm

http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/y2722e/y2722e0d.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed

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THANKS

Education

Seed sector