Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
SEED SYSTEM SECURITY ASSESSMENT
SOUTHERN MAL AWI
October 2011
ii
iii
iv
Acronymns
v
Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................. vi
I. Introduction .............................................................................................. 1
II. Background to Seed System Security Assessment .............................. 3
III. Seed Systems in Southern Malawi: Brief overview .............................. 9 Salient points: Formal and Informal Seed Systems………………………..28
IV. Field Findings: across Sites .................................................................. 35 Summary: Acute Seed Security Finding………………………………….....50 Summary: Chronic Seed Security Findings +Emerging Opportunities....63
V. Overall Recommendations: across sites ............................................. 66 Seed Security: Immediate Responses Needed Seed Security: Medium-term Responses Needed
VI. References ............................................................................................ 722
VII. Annex: Action plans by site ............................................................... 744
.
vi
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
•
•
•
vii
I. ACUTE SEED SECURITY FINDINGS
1 At the time, the official exchange rate was approximately 160 MWK to 1 US$
viii
II. CHRONIC SEED SECURITY ISSUES AND EMERGING
OPPORTUNITIES
ix
Mixed (qualified) factors: positive and negative
Negative and ongoing stresses
x
RECOMMENDATIONS General Overview
xi
Seed security: immediate responses needed
Seed security: medium-term responses needed
xii
xiii
1
I. INTRODUCTION
Rationale for Report
•
•
•
•
2
Aims and Structure of Report
3
II. BACKGROUND TO SEED SYSTEM SECURITY ASSESSMENT
The Concept of Seed Security
• •
2 This section draws on Sperling et al., 2008.
4
5
Seed System Security Assessment ).
6
Household sample
• •
• • • •
• •
• •
• • •
7
8
9
III. SEED SYSTEMS IN SOUTHERN MALAWI: BRIEF OVERVIEW
10
FarmerExch. Market
Govnt . Relief
Genebanks
Cultivation
Harvesting
SEED
Storage
Consumption
BreedersSeed
production
Planting
OTHER LOCAL
SYSTEMS
Commer .
OwnStocks
11
12
Formal Breeding for Southern Malawi •
•
•
• • • • •
• •
•
•
•
•
•
• • • • •
13
• • • • •
• •
•
•
14
• • •
•
•
•
15
16
•
•
Overview for Formal Seed and Fertilizer Systems in Malawi
17
18
Certified seed
19
Agro-dealers
20
Farm Input Supply Program (FISP)
21
22
* Source: Kabambe and Mhango – Consultants’ Report, September 2011
23
• • •
•
24
Informal Seed Systems in Southern Malawi :
Distinguishing seed from grain
25
•
• • •
•
26
Distinguishing among traders : general structure of seed/grain markets
27
Potential seed and price
• • • • •
• • •
• •
• • • •
• • • • •
28
Figure 3.4. Trends in crop and seed prices in local seed/grain markets through the season, showing seed price peaks at sowing time and grain price peaks before harvest. Seed price differential takes into account variety quality (for the most sought-after varieties), plus sometimes additional seed quality features (i.e. a price premium for well-sorted stocks).
Salient points : Formal and informal seed systems in Southern Malawi Plant Breeding
3
29
Formal Seed Sector.
Informal Seed Sector
30
31
32
33
34
35
IV. FIELD FINDINGS: ACROSS SITES
Acute Seed Security Findings, 2010-2011 and 2011-2012
4
36
6
37
•
38
39
40
41
42
43
Potential problem areas
44
The real seed security issue: Money
45
46
Spurring production
47
Agro-dealer and formal seed supply 2011-2012
Agro-dealer: problem areas
48
Local seed/grain market-supply 2011-2012 Market seed availability
7 Note that the SSSA did not conduct an analysis of formal sector seed or other input prices.
49
Market seed quality Market seed access/price
9 Post SSSA follow-up showed that potential seed stocks poured into markets mid—to late October.
50
51
10
52
53
CHRONIC SEED SYSTEM CONCERNS AND EMERGING OPPORTUNITIES
Casual Labor/ Ganyu
4 Govern
ment FISP 5
Own stocks
3 NGO
2
Agro dealer
1 Local
market
Maize
54
1
2
55
56
11 The SSSA team did visit One Village One Product (OVOP) offices in Zomba. This GoM program under the Ministry of Trade and Industry is working on value-addition initiatives. In the SSSA districts, the OPOV work included The Likangala Rice Processing Cooperative and the Bwaila Meat and Milk Producers and Marketing Cooperatives. However, the SSSA was unable to visit either of these.
57
58
59
Manure/Compost Use
60
Mineral Fertilizer use
61
Storage Chemical Use – 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 seasons
62
63
• •
•
•
aid
64
Mixed (qualified) factors: positive and negative
Negative and ongoing stresses
65
66
V. OVERALL RECOMMENDATIONS: ACROSS SITES
General Overview
Seed security: immediate responses needed
67
Seed security: medium-term responses needed
68
69
70
Annex 1: Technical Issues related to Recommendations
71
72
VI. REFERENCES
73
74
VII. ANNEX: ACTION PLANS
• • •
75
Seed System Security Assessment (SSSA) Action Plan Zomba- Mlumbe -2011: PROBLEM SHORT TERM
RESPONSE MEDIUM to LONGER –TERM RESPONSE 1-3 seasons
•
• o o
•
•
• o o o o
•
•
• •
•
•
•
•
76
•
•
•
•
• •
77
•
• o o o o
• o o
•
•
•
•
78
• •
•
•
•
79
80
