Review Presentation 7

Mosaic (from Pella, Macedonia)Mosaic (from Pella, Macedonia)TESSERAE: The individual chips in a mosaicTESSERAE: The individual chips in a mosaic

EphesusEphesus

Pergamon: Acropolis—ALTAR OF ZEUS Pergamon: Acropolis—ALTAR OF ZEUS

Giants: Primeval, cthonic monstersGiants: Primeval, cthonic monsters““Gigantomachy”Gigantomachy”

Pergamon: ASCLEPION Pergamon: ASCLEPION Asclepius: Healing god Asclepius: Healing god

SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLDSEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD

1.1. GREAT PYRAMID(S?)GREAT PYRAMID(S?) of EGYPTof EGYPT

Still standingStill standing


1.1. GREAT PYRAMID(S?)GREAT PYRAMID(S?) of EGYPTof EGYPT2. HANGING GARDENS2. HANGING GARDENS of BABYLONof BABYLON

King Nebuchadnezzar IIKing Nebuchadnezzar II

Destroyed—date unknownDestroyed—date unknown

No trace has ever been foundNo trace has ever been found


1.1. GREAT PYRAMID(S?)GREAT PYRAMID(S?) of EGYPTof EGYPT2. HANGING GARDENS2. HANGING GARDENS of BABYLONof BABYLON3. STATUE OF ZEUS3. STATUE OF ZEUS at OLYMPIAat OLYMPIA

Move to ConstantinopleMove to Constantinople

Destroyed in a fire—462 ADDestroyed in a fire—462 AD


1.1. GREAT PYRAMID(S?)GREAT PYRAMID(S?) of EGYPTof EGYPT2. HANGING GARDENS2. HANGING GARDENS of BABYLONof BABYLON3. STATUE OF ZEUS3. STATUE OF ZEUS at OLYMPIAat OLYMPIA4. THE MAUSOLEUM 4. THE MAUSOLEUM (of MAUSOLUS)(of MAUSOLUS)

Destroyed by 1522 ADDestroyed by 1522 ADafter the Knights of St.after the Knights of St.John use the stones to John use the stones to build their fortress.build their fortress.

Destroyed—Christians, 401 ADDestroyed—Christians, 401 AD

SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD: SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD: TEMPLE of ARTEMIS at EPHESUS TEMPLE of ARTEMIS at EPHESUS


1.1. GREAT PYRAMID(S?)GREAT PYRAMID(S?) of EGYPTof EGYPT2. HANGING GARDENS2. HANGING GARDENS of BABYLONof BABYLON3. STATUE OF ZEUS3. STATUE OF ZEUS at OLYMPIAat OLYMPIA4. THE MAUSOLEUM 4. THE MAUSOLEUM (of MAUSOLUS)(of MAUSOLUS)5. TEMPLE of ARTEMIS5. TEMPLE of ARTEMIS at EPHESUSat EPHESUS6. THE COLOSSUS of6. THE COLOSSUS of RHODESRHODES

Destroyed—sold as scrap byDestroyed—sold as scrap byArab merchants 654 ADArab merchants 654 AD


1.1. GREAT PYRAMID(S?)GREAT PYRAMID(S?) of EGYPTof EGYPT2. HANGING GARDENS2. HANGING GARDENS of BABYLONof BABYLON3. STATUE OF ZEUS3. STATUE OF ZEUS at OLYMPIAat OLYMPIA4. THE MAUSOLEUM 4. THE MAUSOLEUM (of MAUSOLUS)(of MAUSOLUS)5. TEMPLE of ARTEMIS5. TEMPLE of ARTEMIS at EPHESUSat EPHESUS6. THE COLOSSUS of6. THE COLOSSUS of RHODESRHODES7. THE LIGHTHOUSE of7. THE LIGHTHOUSE of ALEXANDRIAALEXANDRIA

Destroyed by Sultan in 1480 AD; stone used for fortifications Destroyed by Sultan in 1480 AD; stone used for fortifications

ETRUSCANS:ETRUSCANS:Cental Italy, Cental Italy, Tuscany (Etruria) Tuscany (Etruria)

Apollo of VeiiApollo of Veiisculpted by Vulca of Veii?sculpted by Vulca of Veii?

Etruscan sculptureEtruscan sculpture

RomeRome

VERISTIC (Topographical)VERISTIC (Topographical)

Blunt, unidealized portraits,Blunt, unidealized portraits,intended to convey intended to convey Republican virtues through Republican virtues through physiognomyphysiognomy(the study of the face):(the study of the face):--seriousness--seriousness--experience--experience--loyalty--loyalty--determination--determination

Rome: Republican-era sculptureRome: Republican-era sculpture

BATTLE OF ACTIUM (31 BC) BATTLE OF ACTIUM (31 BC)

Naval Battle, Ionian SeaNaval Battle, Ionian Sea

Octavian vs. combined Octavian vs. combined forces of Marc Antony and forces of Marc Antony and Cleopatra (Egyptian Cleopatra (Egyptian Ptolomeic Queen)Ptolomeic Queen)

Octavian: adopted son of Octavian: adopted son of Julius CaesarJulius Caesar

Caesarion: son of Julius Caesarion: son of Julius Caesar and Cleopatra; Marc Caesar and Cleopatra; Marc Antony, aligned with Antony, aligned with Cleopatra, tried to promote Cleopatra, tried to promote Caesarion as the true heir of Caesarion as the true heir of CaesarCaesar

27 BC:27 BC:AUGUSTUS AUGUSTUS (“Supreme(“SupremeRuler”) Ruler”)

Roman Empire Roman Empire

OctavianOctavian AugustusAugustus

Octavian: Changes his name to AugustusOctavian: Changes his name to Augustus

Greek idealism: Greek idealism: generic generic (the perfectibility (the perfectibility of human nature)of human nature)

Roman idealism: Roman idealism: specific (highly specific (highly propagandistic)propagandistic)

Rome: Imperial sculpture Rome: Imperial sculpture

Greece:Greece:DoryphorosDoryphoros

Rome: AugustusRome: Augustus

Rome: Imperial sculpture Rome: Imperial sculpture

Augustus of Prima Porta Augustus of Prima Porta

Rome: Imperial sculpture—Augustus of Prima PortaRome: Imperial sculpture—Augustus of Prima Porta

Ideal:Ideal:genericgenericideaidea

Ideal:Ideal:specificspecific

individualindividual

Rome: Imperial sculpture—Augustus of Prima PortaRome: Imperial sculpture—Augustus of Prima Porta

Cupid: Son of Venus; Cupid: Son of Venus; father of Aeneas father of Aeneas

Dolphin: Symbol of Venus; Dolphin: Symbol of Venus; born from the sea born from the sea

Julio-Claudian line:Julio-Claudian line:Claimed to be Claimed to be

descended descended from Aeneasfrom Aeneas

Rome: Imperial sculpture—Augustus of Prima Porta (Cuirass)Rome: Imperial sculpture—Augustus of Prima Porta (Cuirass)

Parthian Parthian

Standard Standard

Roman soldier Roman soldier


Caelus: canopy of the sky Caelus: canopy of the sky

Moon: descending Moon: descending Sun: ascending Sun: ascending

Apollo: sun Apollo: sun Diana: moon Diana: moon

Mother Earth figure with Mother Earth figure with cornucopia (horn of cornucopia (horn of plenty): Wealth and plenty): Wealth and

bounty of the new age bounty of the new age that is dawning that is dawning


Return of standards signifies Return of standards signifies the dawn of a new era under of the dawn of a new era under of pride and patriotism under pride and patriotism under Augustus, which will lead to Augustus, which will lead to Roman prosperity.Roman prosperity.

Ara Pacis AugustaeAra Pacis Augustae

Ara: altarAra: altarPacis: peacePacis: peace

Augustae: AugustanAugustae: Augustan

““The Altar ofThe Altar ofAugustan Peace”Augustan Peace”

Rome: early Imperial art—Augustan propagandaRome: early Imperial art—Augustan propagandaARA PACISARA PACIS

Context:Context:CAMPUS MARTIUSCAMPUS MARTIUS



AeneasAeneasShrine Shrine

Sow Sow

Peace and bounty carried over earth and sea, blown by wind Peace and bounty carried over earth and sea, blown by wind and carried by waters to four corners of the earthand carried by waters to four corners of the earth

++


Education

Review Presentation 7