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A brief introduction to Reconstruction in the South after the Civil War
Citation preview
Reconstruction
in the South
USHC 3.4
Summarize the end of Reconstruction, including the role of anti–African American factions and competing national interests in undermining support for Reconstruction; the impact of the removal of federal protection for freedmen; and the impact of Jim Crow laws and voter restrictions on African American rights in the post-Reconstruction era.
Carpetbag
“Carpetbaggers”Nickname applied
by Southern whites to people who migrated South after the Civil War
The “Carpetbagger
”
Stereotype
Click to play!
The Motives
of the CarpetbaggersPower
Opportunity
Wealth
Service
Educating Freedmen and Women
Although many carpetbaggers went South to seek fortune and political office, many went South to educate freedmen and women.
Hampton Institute (VA)
Late Nineteenth Century
The Republican Coalitionin the South
“Carpetbaggers”
“Scalawags” Freedm
en
Resistance
to Reconstructi
on
The (First) Ku Klux Klan
Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest, CSA Vigilantism
1865-1874
The Second Ku Klux Klan
The Two Klans “Kompared”The First Ku Klux
Klan
The Second Ku Klux
KlanTime Period
Reconstruction
1920s
Regional Prevalence
SouthMidwest,
South
Purpose Oppose carpetbagger governments
Oppose immigration, Catholicism,
black migration
Methods Intimidation & Violence
Birth of a Nation• Highest grossing
silent film EVER
• Glamorized the KKK–Responsible for
rise of Second KKK?
(1915)
From Birth of a Nation
POTUS
Birth of a Nation(1915)
CLIP ONE
NOTE: The inclusion of this video footage is for educational purposes and is not intended to endorse the views and perspectives contained therein.
1872 Presidential Election• Republican Split– Radicals vs.
Moderates
• Horace Greeley– Liberal Republican
party• Opposed Radical
Reconstruction and government corruption• Democrats Back
Greeley
You Win. You Die.
1872 Presidential Election
1872
1868
1876
Birth of a Nation(1915)
CLIP TWO
NOTE: The inclusion of this video footage is for educational purposes and is not intended to endorse the views and perspectives contained therein.
Restoration of Southern “Home Rule”1869-1877
1869
1874
1871
1877
1877
1877
1874187
3
1870
1869
1876
1874Northern public
opinion turns against Radical
Reconstruction.
Perception of “Colored Rule” and corruption in the
South under Carpetbag state
governmentshttp://blackhistory.harpweek.com/7illustrations/reconstruction/coloredrule.htm
1874 Congressional Elections
U.S. House of Representatives
1872 18740
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Repub-licans
VOTERS REACT TO:
• Bad Economy• Political
Corruption• Reconstruction
Policy
Birth of a Nation(1915)
CLIP THREE
NOTE: The inclusion of this video footage is for educational purposes and is not intended to endorse the views and perspectives contained therein.
Republican
Platform
Tilden: 184Hayes: 166Disputed: 19FTW: 185
1872
1868
1876
Democratic
Platform
1876 Presidential Election
Compromise of 1877
DISPUTED ELECTION
Samuel Tilden(D-NY)
Rutherford B. Hayes
(R-OH)“Rutherfra
ud”
184 166
185
The “New
South”
“Redeemer” Governments
Southern White “Bourbon” Democrats re-assert authority
“Solid South”– DEMOCRATIC
STRONGHOLD• Republican Party a non-
entity in Southern politics until the 1960s
Gov. Wade Hampton (SC)
The “Solid South”
Almost 50 Years Later
The Textile IndustryMoves South
CHEAP LABOR
But the South was still
primarily agricultural.Photo by Martin LaBar
Poll Tax
Grandfather Clause
Photo by Rene Bastiaanssen
Photo by Rene Bastiaanssen
If this guy could
vote...
The Supreme Courtand Civil Rights
(Late Nineteenth Century)
In the late 19th century, the Supreme Court upheld Jim Crow, as well as
restrictions on voting. (Restrictions were not explicitly based on race.)
Photo by Joe Gratz
Plessy v. Ferguson
Segregation
Challenged
(1896)
Photo by stef_dit_patoc
The Reality
1904 political cartoon by John T. McCutcheon
“One hundred years later, we must face the tragic fact that the Negro is still not free.”
