Reconstruction1865 - 1877

Rebuilding the South

Reconstruction rebuilding the South bringing the South back

into the Union

Unifying a Divided Nation

Forgiveness & Unification or Punishment Lincoln = amnesty Radical Republicans = punish!

Lincoln’s Assassination

April 14, 1865 (5 days after the war ended)

Lincoln = first president to be assassinated

Assassinated at Ford’s Theater in D.C.

by John Wilkes Booth – Confederate supporter – who hoped this would create chaos within govt. and help Confed. win war!

Lincoln… Johnson’s Plan Granted amnesty to all white

southerners, except leaders Right to vote to all blacks who

were educated or served in military 10% Plan

– when 10% of voters of state took a loyalty oath, state could form a new govt. with new constitution (without slavery)

Struggle for Control of Reconstruction

Battle between President Johnson and Congress

Johnson’s policy = easy on the south: amnesty

Struggle for Control of Reconstruction

(contd.) Congress enacts bills to help freedmen (14th Amend., Freedmens’ Bureau, and Reconstruction Act of 1867 – martial law)

Impeachment of Johnson

Johnson was 1st President impeached by Congress because of his ideas on Reconstruction & his “slap on the wrist” actions

Not convicted & stayed in office

Long Term Effects of the Civil War Impeachment = precedent set Civil War Amendments (13, 14, 15) Jim Crow Laws KKK Compromise of 1877 Republican State governments in the South

– Every state except VA

– Scalawags took control of Southern government

Scalawags

Southerners who sided with the Republicans & their policies for Reconstruction

Carpetbaggers Northerners

who settled in the South after the war

Supported the Republicans

Civil War Amendments 13th – freed the slaves

14th – gave all freed men citizenship

15th – gave all citizens the right to vote (not women)

Jim Crow Laws Laws enforcing segregation of

blacks & whites in South after Civil War

black codes (control former slaves/restrict freedom with customs)

Ku Klux Klan Resistance Movement White Supremacist

organization set up in South to scare blacks away from voting & seeking equal rights

claimed to be “the Ghosts of the Confederate Soldiers”

Segregation & Oppression continue

Freedmen’s Bureau

Govt. agency to help former enslaved people

President Grant (1869-1877) enforced civil rights laws & fought KKK

violence did not have an entourage of political

advisors; instead relied on Army buddies

Whiskey Ring – scandal involving distillers & corrupt officials making millions of $$$ off of tax evasion on liquor– Grant not directly involved in “ring”

Compromise of 1877

Debate on presidential election between Hayes (Republican) & Tilden (Democrat)

Hayes would get presidency IF…– Republicans agreed to withdraw

remaining fed. troops from the south– Because they leave, Reconstruction

comes to an end!

QUIZ TIME

SUMMARY

1. What does Reconstruction refer to?

2. Who was Lincoln assassinated by?

3. Name Lincoln’s successor.

4. What amendment freed the slaves?

5. What amendment gave all male citizens, of age, the right to vote?

6. Name the laws in the south that enforced segregation.

7. Name the terrorist organization that started during Reconstruction to fear blacks away from voting and keep them oppressed.

8. Name the Commanding General who became President amidst the battle for Reconstruction.