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Reading and Writing with
Fanfiction Michael Sapp
www.shoesatthedoor.com
Reading and Writing with
Fanfiction
Teacher
Notes
Student
Notes
This application is designed in two parts:
Teacher
Notes Intro
The Class
Rationale
Objectives
Schedule
Tips
Procedures
Evaluation
Materials
Intro - What is fan fiction (also
known as fanfiction, fanfic, FF,
or fic)?
―Fan fictions are texts written about media
and popular culture by fans. In these texts,
fan fiction authors take up the characters
and plotlines of the original media and
creatively rework them by developing new
relationships between characters, extending
plot and timelines, creating new settings,
and exploring novel themes‖ (Black, 2006)
Intro - What is a Beta Reader?
A beta reader (or betareader, or beta) is a
person who reads a work of fiction with a
critical eye, with the aim of improving
grammar, spelling, characterization, and
general style of a story prior to its release to
the general public.
-www.fanfiction.net
The Class
This application was designed for
an ESL Writing class in an
Intensive English Language
Program type setting with
intermediate-low to intermediate-
high skill levels.
Rationale
Reading helps students acquire writing skills, especially when students are interested in the subject matter and have background knowledge of the material.
Writing is a multi-phase, non-linear process that can benefit from peer review and revision.
Students writing fanfiction can focus more on the process of writing without having to create new characters or other predefined details.
―As they read, students come
to understand the different
organizational structures
writers use to communicate
ideas‖ (Freeman & Freeman
pg. 30).
―Effective approaches to teaching
writing, such as Writer’s Workshop,
emphasize the importance of peer-
to-peer discussion and review in
helping students to develop meta-
knowledge of their own writing
processes‖ (Black 2005, Piazza,
2003)
Rationale (continued)The combination of
predefined subject matter,
social interaction, and
interesting content make
fanfiction based activities
a beneficial activity for
learning reading and
writing skills.
Using and interacting with
fanfiction and fanfiction
forums helps improve new
literacy skills.
―Members of fanfiction.net
engage in activities that are
congruent with what we already
know about best practice in
writing instruction: that it is
important to integrate multiple
modes of meaning-making into
literacy activities, that
collaborative activity and
discussion between peers
enhances writing ability, and that
language use is social and
intimately tied to identity‖ (Black,
2005).
Objectives Students learn about fanfiction and become acquainted
with the fanfiction writing and review process.
Students learn to search for fanfiction that they are
interested in or have some background knowledge of.
Students learn about the process of writing including:
Multi-phase planning
Individual writing strategies
Recursive and generative editing involving rereading,
assessing, reacting, and moving on.
Revision
Linguistic/Surface editing
―My hope is that
we can teach
students not
only to read
critically but also
creatively and
free them to
make the books
they read for
school into
resources for
their own
imaginative
speculations‖ (Jenkins, 2008)
Objectives (cont.) Students improve reading, composition, and new literacy
skills by reading fanfiction, writing fanfiction, and through
discussion and review of peers’ written works.
Students apply these skills to a class assigned book by
reading, writing a fanfiction response, and reviewing peer
work.
Referring to her study of ELLs using fanfiction Rebecca Black (2009) found that
―[i]n terms of basic print literacy, it is worth noting that through their fan-related
activities, all three focal participants were able to practice and improve their
English-language and composition skills.‖
Schedule
Day 1- Read and discuss examples of
fanfiction In-class/homework:
Write first draft of fanfiction using fanfiction template worksheet
Day 2 – Beta Reading and next draft In-class/homework:
Upload story to the forum
Post comments and reviews to other students’ fanfiction
Schedule (continued)
Day 3 – Discuss novel and begin
novel-based fanfiction In-class/homework:
Write first draft of novel-based fanfiction using fanfiction template
worksheets
Day 4 – Beta Reading and next draft In-class/homework:
Write second draft of fanfiction and upload to forum
Post comments to other students’ fanfiction
Tips
Using school’s private server space, setup open-source
forum such as phpBB or Simple Machines Forums for
students to publish fanfiction and post comments.
If server space is not available try nabble.
The days do not necessarily represent the next calendar day,
but represent the next day planned for this assignment.
Encourage students to focus less on the final product and
more on the process of creation.
When it comes to beta readers and peer comments,
encourage and model the use of constructive criticism
Tips (continued)
This is a large assignment that requires the student to write
at least 2 drafts for two assignments. Because of this, it will
be helpful to encourage the production of short, but well-
formed compositions as opposed to longer stories. I
recommend the story be about one page in length.
This assignment is an introduction to the concepts and
possibilities of the use of fanfiction in a classroom and is
therefore fairly general in scope. As students become more
comfortable with the concepts the lesson should be adapted
to suite more specific aspects or learning objectives such as
a specific writing skill or critical analysis technique.
Procedures:Day 1 - Reading Review examples of fanfiction from sites such as
fanfiction.net
Have students search for fanfiction in their native language
Students read 3 or 4 works of fanfiction (at least 2 in English).
Students should also read the comments and reviews for each story
Students individually fill out a beta review worksheet in response to one story
Discuss the readings How were the fanfics similar to the original work?
How were the fanfics different from the original work?
What changes were made?
What new information was given?
Were the reviews helpful?
Did you agree or disagree with any of the comments?
Day 2 Beta Readers and Revising
Each student reads assigned fanfiction and fills out a Beta Reader Worksheet
Students give a completed Beta Reader Worksheet to the author
Students then revise their stories and begin work on the second draft in response to the beta reader’s worksheet
Day 3 Novel and Fanfiction
Discuss the novel Characters
Themes
Settings
Conflict/Resolution
Have students write a fanfiction story based on some aspect of the novel using the fanfiction template worksheet. Some possible ideas include:
Develop new relationships between characters
Extend plot and timelines
Create new settings
Explore new themes
Day 4 Beta Reading and Revising
Have students read and review assigned student’s fanfiction using Beta Reader Worksheets
Have students return their Beta Reader Worksheets to the author
Students then begin to edit and revise their story based on received Beta Reader Worksheets.
Evaluation
Evaluation is based on 2 Rubrics:Fanfiction Rubric
Novel-based Fanfiction Rubric
Materials
Fanfiction Template Worksheet to help students start
brainstorming and developing a story
Beta Reader Worksheet used to help in the review process
Computer projection and computer access
PowerPoint slides with Student Notes
Evaluation Rubrics
Student
Notes Intro
Assignment
Objectives
Read and Review Fanfiction
Write Fanfiction
Become a Beta Reader
Write Novel-Based Fanfiction
Novel-based Fanfiction Beta Reader
Materials
Intro - What is Fan fiction (also
known as fanfiction, fanfic, FF,
or fic)?
―Fan fictions are texts written about media
and popular culture by fans. In these texts,
fan fiction authors take up the characters
and plotlines of the original media and
creatively rework them by developing new
relationships between characters, extending
plot and timelines, creating new settings,
and exploring novel themes‖ (Black, 2006)
Intro - What is a Beta Reader?
A beta reader (or betareader, or beta) is a
person who reads a work of fiction with a
critical eye, with the aim of improving
grammar, spelling, characterization, and
general style of a story prior to its release to
the general public.
-www.fanfiction.net
Fanfiction Assignment Read fanfiction (3 or 4 stories—at least 2 in English)
Write fanfiction (1 page story)
Review peer fanfiction as a Beta Reader
Write a second draft in response to Beta Reader Worksheet
Upload draft to Forums
Read classmates fanfiction
Comment on at least 2 classmates’ fanfiction
Novel-Based Fanfiction
Assignment-After reading novel
Write fanfiction (1 page of written Fanfiction)
Review peer fanfiction as a Beta Reader
Write final draft and Upload draft to forums
Read classmates fanfiction on forums
Comment on at least 2 classmates’ fanfiction
Objectives Learn about fanfiction and become acquainted with the
fanfiction writing and review process.
Learn to search for fanfiction that students are
interested in or have some background knowledge of.
Learn about the process of writing including:
Multi-phase planning
Individual writing strategies
Recursive and generative editing involving rereading,
assessing, reacting, and moving on.
Revision
Linguistic/Surface editing
―My hope is that
we can teach
students not
only to read
critically but also
creatively and
free them to
make the books
they read for
school into
resources for
their own
imaginative
speculations‖ (Jenkins, 2008)
Objectives (cont.) Improve reading, composition, and new literacy skills by
reading fanfiction, writing fanfiction, and through discussion
and review of peers’ written works.
Apply these skills to a class assigned book by reading,
writing a fanfiction response, and reviewing peer work.
Referring to her study of ELLs using fanfiction Rebecca Black (2009) found that
―[i]n terms of basic print literacy, it is worth noting that through their fan-related
activities, all three focal participants were able to practice and improve their
English-language and composition skills.‖
Read and Review Fanfiction Begin reading selected Novel
Find and read examples of fanfiction
Fanfiction.net
Find examples of fanfiction in your native language
Read 3 or 4 examples of fanfiction (at least 2 in English).
Read the comments and reviews
Select one of the stories you read and using the beta reader
template fill out as much information as possible.
Write Fanfiction
Select a fictional universe
and using the fanfiction
template worksheet fill out
as much information as
possible.
Using the information in the
fanfiction template
worksheet, begin writing the
first draft of a fanfiction
story.
Using the class message
board send first draft to
assigned beta reader.
• Develop new
relationships
between characters
• Extend plot
timelines
• Create new settings
• Explore new themes
Possible Fanfiction
Story Ideas:
Become a Beta Reader Using the beta reader template worksheet fill in as much
information as possible about the 1st draft of peers’ fanfiction
Return beta reader template worksheet to the author.
Based on beta reader template worksheet make corrections
and begin writing another draft.
Upload final draft to message board
Write Novel-based Fanfiction
Based on the novel, use the fanfiction template worksheet
and fill out as much information as possible.
Using the information in the fanfiction template worksheet,
begin writing the first draft of a novel-based fanfiction story.
Think of possible Characters
Settings
Conflict/Resolution
Using the class message board send first draft to assigned
beta reader.
Beta Reading for novel-based
fanfiction
Using the beta reader template worksheet fill in as much
information as possible about the first draft of peers’ fanfiction
Return beta reader template worksheet to the author.
Based on beta reader template worksheet make corrections
and begin writing another draft.
Upload final draft to message board
Materials
Fanfiction Template Worksheet to help students start
brainstorming and developing a story
Beta Reader Worksheet to help in the review process
Student Notes power point slides
Resources & References Black, R. W. (2009). English language learners, fan
communities, and twenty first century skills. Journal of Adolescent and Adult Literacy, 52(8).
Black, R. W. (2005). Access and affiliation: The literacy and composition practices of English Language learners in an online fanfiction community. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 49 (2), 118-128.
Black, R. W. (2006). Language, culture, and identity in online fanfiction. E-learning, 3 (2), 170-184.
Freeman, D & Freeman, Y. (2004). Essential linguistics: what you need to know to teach reading, esl, spelling, phonics, and grammar. Heinemann Educational Books
Hirvela, A. (2004). Connecting reading and writing in second language writing instruction. University of Michigan
PressESL.
Jenkins, Henry. ―How Fanfiction Can Teach us a New Way to Read Moby-Dick.‖ Henry Jenkins Blog. 11 Aug. 2008. Retrieved 8 Mar. 2009 from Oncourse L567.