“ COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANTIMICROBIAL AND

PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ROOT AND LEAF EXTRACTS

OF Aegle marmelos”

ATHIRA RAJAN

65014140006

INTRODUCTION

Medicinal plants and their products have got an increasinginterest throughout the world as they possess potent and nontoxicpharmacological compounds and are safer and more dependable.

Due to the side effects of allopathic medicines nowadays peopleprefer Ayurvedic medicine for treating various diseases.

Medicinal plants possess many medicinal activities. One of suchmedicinal plant is the Aegle marmelos (Koovalam) also known as“climate purifiers” which is commonly used to treat manyinfections and diseases.

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate the medicinal activities of the root and leaves of

Aegle marmelos.

To determine the Antimicrobial activity of the root and leaf

extracts of Aegle marmelos.

To determine the Phytochemistry of the plant.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

MATERIALS

Dried leaves and roots of Aeglemarmelos are used as the raw materialin the present study.

Six type of microorganisms such asEscherichia coli, Coagulase NegativeStaphylococci (CNS), Klebsiella species,Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus speciesand Pseudomonas aeruginosa were usedto study the antimicrobial activity of thedrug.

Different types of media were used forthe isolation and growth ofmicroorganisms. Nutrient Agar, MullerHinton Agar, MacConkey Agar andPeptone water are used for the propermaintenance and growth ofmicroorganisms.

METHODS:

1. Drying process

2. Grinding process.

3. Moisture content.

4. Volatile oil content.

5. Water soluble extractive

6. Alcohol soluble extractive.

7. Qualitative analysis.

8. Thin layer Chromatography.

9. Gram staining technique

10. Agar Well Diffusion and Agar Disc Diffusion

Method.

RESULTS

Aegle marmelos leaf

Aegle marmelos root

Water Extractive Alcohol Extractive

14.187

7.177.54

Extractives

Aegle marmelos Leaf Aegle marmelos Root

From the analysis the moisture

content of the leaf were found to be

0.8% and roots were found to be

0.3%. Volatile oil content was nill in

both the drugs.

Moisture Content of the Roots and Leaf extracts of Aeglemarmelos The percentage of water extractive in

the leaves and roots were found to be

14.18%, 7.17% respectively. The

percentage of alcohol extracive in the

leaves of Aegle marmelos was found to

be 7.54% and roots were found to be

7.0%.

Graph showing Zone of inhibition of different bacteria (Alcoholic extract of root).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

MD 1 2 3 Ciprofloxacin

Zon

e o

f in

hib

itio

n

Dilution

Zone of inhibition of Gram negative bacteria

E.coli

Klebsiella

Pseudomonas

Proteus

0

5

10

15

20

25

MD 1 2 3 Amoxyclav

Zon

e o

f in

hib

itio

n

Dilution

Zone of inhibition in Gram positive bacteria

CNS

S. aureus

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

Comparative study of antimicrobial and phytochemical analysis ofthe root and leaf extracts of Aegle marmelos is an effective studywhich shows that different chemical constituents are present in thisdrug and are responsible for the therapeutic and antimicrobial actionof the drug.

The alcoholic extract of the leaves of Aegle marmelos have noantimicrobial activity against the tested organisms.

But the alcoholic extract of the root exhibit antimicrobial activityagainst Escherichia coli, Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CNS),Klebsiella species, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus species andPseudomonas aeruginosa (11-14).

The use of plant extract with known antimicrobial properties can beof critical significance in modern therapy. So this plant extract (root)may be used as a source of drug against various diseases caused bythis bacteria especially in respiratory tract infections, woundinfections etc.