“ COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANTIMICROBIAL AND
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ROOT AND LEAF EXTRACTS
OF Aegle marmelos”
ATHIRA RAJAN
65014140006
INTRODUCTION
Medicinal plants and their products have got an increasinginterest throughout the world as they possess potent and nontoxicpharmacological compounds and are safer and more dependable.
Due to the side effects of allopathic medicines nowadays peopleprefer Ayurvedic medicine for treating various diseases.
Medicinal plants possess many medicinal activities. One of suchmedicinal plant is the Aegle marmelos (Koovalam) also known as“climate purifiers” which is commonly used to treat manyinfections and diseases.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the medicinal activities of the root and leaves of
Aegle marmelos.
To determine the Antimicrobial activity of the root and leaf
extracts of Aegle marmelos.
To determine the Phytochemistry of the plant.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
MATERIALS
Dried leaves and roots of Aeglemarmelos are used as the raw materialin the present study.
Six type of microorganisms such asEscherichia coli, Coagulase NegativeStaphylococci (CNS), Klebsiella species,Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus speciesand Pseudomonas aeruginosa were usedto study the antimicrobial activity of thedrug.
Different types of media were used forthe isolation and growth ofmicroorganisms. Nutrient Agar, MullerHinton Agar, MacConkey Agar andPeptone water are used for the propermaintenance and growth ofmicroorganisms.
METHODS:
1. Drying process
2. Grinding process.
3. Moisture content.
4. Volatile oil content.
5. Water soluble extractive
6. Alcohol soluble extractive.
7. Qualitative analysis.
8. Thin layer Chromatography.
9. Gram staining technique
10. Agar Well Diffusion and Agar Disc Diffusion
Method.
RESULTS
Aegle marmelos leaf
Aegle marmelos root
Water Extractive Alcohol Extractive
14.187
7.177.54
Extractives
Aegle marmelos Leaf Aegle marmelos Root
From the analysis the moisture
content of the leaf were found to be
0.8% and roots were found to be
0.3%. Volatile oil content was nill in
both the drugs.
Moisture Content of the Roots and Leaf extracts of Aeglemarmelos The percentage of water extractive in
the leaves and roots were found to be
14.18%, 7.17% respectively. The
percentage of alcohol extracive in the
leaves of Aegle marmelos was found to
be 7.54% and roots were found to be
7.0%.
Graph showing Zone of inhibition of different bacteria (Alcoholic extract of root).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
MD 1 2 3 Ciprofloxacin
Zon
e o
f in
hib
itio
n
Dilution
Zone of inhibition of Gram negative bacteria
E.coli
Klebsiella
Pseudomonas
Proteus
0
5
10
15
20
25
MD 1 2 3 Amoxyclav
Zon
e o
f in
hib
itio
n
Dilution
Zone of inhibition in Gram positive bacteria
CNS
S. aureus
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
Comparative study of antimicrobial and phytochemical analysis ofthe root and leaf extracts of Aegle marmelos is an effective studywhich shows that different chemical constituents are present in thisdrug and are responsible for the therapeutic and antimicrobial actionof the drug.
The alcoholic extract of the leaves of Aegle marmelos have noantimicrobial activity against the tested organisms.
But the alcoholic extract of the root exhibit antimicrobial activityagainst Escherichia coli, Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CNS),Klebsiella species, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus species andPseudomonas aeruginosa (11-14).
The use of plant extract with known antimicrobial properties can beof critical significance in modern therapy. So this plant extract (root)may be used as a source of drug against various diseases caused bythis bacteria especially in respiratory tract infections, woundinfections etc.