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Presentación del Panorama de la Educación 2010 (Mexico, 07 septiembre 2010)
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11M
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Education at a Glance 2010Key results
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
7 September 2010
22M
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Education in times of economic uncertainty In the current economic environment…
…Continued strong demand for education – Poor labour markets and low opportunity costs for education
… Substantial public and private gains from education– Earnings premium for tertiary education remains large- Public long-term gains from higher education are almost
three times the size of the investments
…High-level skills key to competitiveness… Comparative cost advantage across OECD countries
varies with educational levels
…Labour-market entry becomes more difficult– Particularly for young lower educated individuals
…Education a good insurance against unemployment and to stay employed especially in weak labour markets
Educational attainment likely to rise further Continuing education increasingly important .
33M
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Unabated educational expansion
44M
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Un
ite
d S
tate
sC
ze
ch
Re
pu
bli
cE
sto
nia
Sw
itze
rla
nd
Ge
rma
ny
Slo
va
k R
ep
ub
lic
Ca
na
da
No
rwa
yP
ola
nd
Sw
ed
en
Isra
el
Slo
ve
nia
Ru
ssia
n F
ed
era
tio
nA
ustr
iaH
un
ga
ryF
inla
nd
Un
ite
d K
ing
do
mD
en
ma
rkN
eth
erl
an
ds
Ne
w Z
ea
lan
dE
U1
9 a
ve
rag
eO
EC
D a
ve
rag
eLu
xe
mb
ou
rgIc
ela
nd
Au
str
ali
aF
ran
ce
Be
lgiu
mIr
ela
nd
Ko
rea
Ch
ile
Gre
ece
Ita
lyS
pa
inB
razil
Me
xic
oT
urk
ey
Po
rtu
ga
l
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2000's 1990's 1980's 1970's
Growth in baseline qualifications (2008)Approximated by percentage of persons with upper secondary or equivalent
qualifications in the age groups 55-64, 45-55, 45-44 and 25-34 years
%
TA1.2a
55M
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Growth in university-level qualificationsApproximated by the percentage of the population that has attained tertiary-
type A education in the age groups 25-34 years, 35-44 years, 45-54 years and 55-64 years (2008)
Un
ite
d S
tate
s
No
rwa
y
Ca
na
da
Ice
lan
d
Ru
ssia
n F
ed
era
...
Un
ite
d K
ing
do
m
Sw
itze
rla
nd
Hu
ng
ary
OE
CD
ave
rag
e
EU
19
ave
rag
e
Fin
lan
d
Gre
ece
Po
lan
d
Fra
nce
Ko
rea
Slo
va
k R
ep
ub
lic
Tu
rke
y
Me
xic
o
Po
rtu
ga
l
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
2000's 1990's 1980's 1970's
%
T A1.3a
66M
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Current and future stock of high qualification (2008)
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
GreeceHungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
NetherlandsNew Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
SwitzerlandTurkey
United Kingdom
United StatesBrazil Estonia
Israel
Russian Federation
Slovenia
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Proportion of the 25-64 year-old population with tertiary education
OECD average
OECD average
High attainment; Increasing advantage
High attainment; Decreasing advantage
Lower attainment; Catching up
Lower attainment; Getting behind further
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
GreeceHungary
I celand
I reland
I taly
J apan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
NetherlandsNew Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
SwitzerlandTurkey
United Kingdom
United StatesBrazilEstonia
I srael
Russian Federation
Slovenia
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Diff
eren
ce b
etw
een
the
25-34 a
nd 2
5-64 y
ear-
old p
opul
atio
n w
ith t
erti
ary
educ
atio
n
Proportion of the 25- 64 year- old population with tertiary education
OECD average
OECD average
High attainment; I ncreasing advantage
High attainment; Decreasing advantage
Lower attainment; Decreasing disadvantage
Lower attainment; I ncreasing disadvantage
Increasing advantage
Hig
her
att
ain
men
t
77M
exic
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201
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10 e
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The increase in the number of number knowledge workers has not led to a decrease
in their pay…which is what happened for low-skilled workers
99M
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Bra
zil
Hungary
Unit
ed S
tate
s
Cze
ch R
epublic
Port
ugal
Slo
vak R
epublic
Pola
nd
Luxem
bourg
Isra
el
Austr
ia
Canada
Fra
nce
Italy
Germ
any
Fin
land
Kore
a
OEC
D a
vera
ge
Irela
nd
Turk
ey
Belg
ium
Unit
ed K
ingdom
Neth
erl
ands
Sw
itze
rland
Spain
Sw
eden
Austr
alia
Japan
Denm
ark
New
Zeala
nd
Norw
ay
Esto
nia
Gre
ece
Slo
venia
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
Below upper secondary education Tertiary-type B education
Tertiary-type A and advanced research programmes
% o
f in
dex
TA7.2a
Relative earnings from employment for males
By level of educational attainment and gender for 25-to-64-year-olds (upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education= 100)
(2008 or latest available year)
1616M
exic
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Septe
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201
020
10 e
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Taxpayers are getting a good return too
1919M
exic
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Septe
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201
020
10 e
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Poland
Korea
Turkey
Spain
New Zealand
Finland
Czech Rep.
Hungary
Australia
OECD average
Netherlands
Canada
Belgium
Italy
Norway
Sweden
Portugal
Germany
United Kingdom
Austria
Denmark
0 50,000 100,000 150,000
6,011
7,233
11,240
13,424
13,579
43,419
19,650
24,111
27,518
35,902
36,043
37,577
39,08442,162
43,419
44,139
52,11257,690
73,267
81,341
86,177
Public cost and benefits for a male obtaining upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education
Public benefit
s
Public
costs
Net present value, USD equivalent
Chart A8.5USD
3737M
exic
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Septe
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201
020
10 e
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Who pays for what, when and how?
3838M
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201
020
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Investment in education OECD countries as a whole
spend 6.2% of their GDP on education Expenditure per school student increased
on average by 43% between 1995 and 2007
Mixed pattern in tertiary education Countries vary significantly in how they
spend their money, different priorities on…… Salaries, learning time, teaching time,
class size Room for more effective cost-sharing
between government and households Even if household expenditure rose much faster
than public spending in tertiary education .
4040M
exic
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Septe
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201
020
10 e
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Expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of GDP, for all levels of education
(1995, 2000, 2007)Ic
ela
nd
Un
ite
d S
tate
sIs
rae
lR
ussia
n F
ed
e..
.D
en
ma
rkK
ore
aC
hil
eS
we
de
nB
elg
ium
Ca
na
da
Fra
nce
Ne
w Z
eala
nd
Un
ite
d K
in..
.M
exic
oF
inla
nd
Po
rtu
ga
lN
eth
erl
an
ds
Slo
ve
nia
Sw
itze
rla
nd
No
rwa
yA
ustr
iaP
ola
nd
Bra
zil
Au
str
ali
aE
sto
nia
Hu
ng
ary
Jap
an
Sp
ain
Ge
rma
ny
Ire
lan
dC
zech
Rep
ub
lic
Ita
lyS
lova
k R
ep
ub
lic
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2007 2000 1995% of GDP
4141M
exic
o 7
Septe
mber
201
020
10 e
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uca
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Ch
ile
Bra
zil
Hu
ng
ary
Sw
itze
rla
nd
Ire
lan
dIs
rae
lIc
ela
nd
Ne
the
rla
nd
sIt
aly
Slo
va
k R
ep
ub
lic
No
rwa
yG
erm
an
yS
we
de
nB
elg
ium
Au
str
ali
aU
nit
ed
Sta
tes
Fra
nce
Fin
lan
dJa
pa
nM
exic
oC
an
ad
aD
en
ma
rkC
ze
ch
Re
pu
bli
cP
ola
nd
Esto
nia
Au
str
iaS
pa
inK
ore
aP
ort
ug
al
Un
ite
d K
ing
do
m
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
Change in expenditure Change in the number of students (in full-time equivalents)
Change in expenditure per student
Ind
ex o
f ch
an
ge
(2
00
0=
10
0)
Changes in student numbers and expenditure for tertiary education
Index of change between 2000 and 2007 (2000=100, 2007 constant prices)
Chart B1.7
4646M
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Septe
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201
020
10 e
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Ita
ly
Isra
el
Sw
itze
rla
nd
Fra
nce
Ge
rm
an
y
Be
lg
iu
m
No
rw
ay
Au
stria
Po
rtu
ga
l
De
nm
ark
Ca
na
da
Ja
pa
n
Au
stra
lia
Sw
ed
en
Un
ite
d S
ta
te
s
Ne
th
erla
nd
s
Me
xico
Fin
la
nd
Ch
ile
Sp
ain
Ice
la
nd
Po
la
nd
Cze
ch
R
ep
ub
lic
Un
ite
d K
in
gd
om
Ko
re
a
Ire
la
nd
Slo
va
k R
ep
ub
lic
Hu
ng
ary
Bra
zil
Esto
nia
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
Change in expenditure Change in the number of students (in full-time equivalents)
Change in expenditure per student
Public expenditure only.Public institutions only.Some levels of education are included with others.
Changes in student numbers and expenditurePrimary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education
Index of change between 2000 and 2007 (2000=100, 2007 constant prices)In
dex o
f ch
ange (
20
00
=1
00
)
Chart B1.7
4747M
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Septe
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201
020
10 e
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Cumulative expenditure on educational institutions per student over primary and secondary studies
(2007) Annual expenditure on educational institutions per student multiplied by the
theoretical duration of studies, in equivalent USD converted using PPPs
Lu
xe
mb
ou
rgS
wit
ze
rla
nd
No
rwa
yU
nit
ed
Sta
tes
Ice
lan
dD
en
ma
rkA
ustr
iaU
nit
ed
Kin
...
Ire
lan
dS
we
de
nIt
aly
Au
str
ali
aB
elg
ium
Fra
nce
Jap
an
Ge
rma
ny
Sp
ain
Ne
the
rla
nd
sS
love
nia
Fin
lan
dK
ore
aP
ort
ug
al
Ne
w Z
ea
lan
dIs
rae
lC
ze
ch
Re
pu
bli
cE
sto
nia
Hu
ng
ary
Po
lan
dS
lova
k R
ep
u..
.M
exic
oC
hil
eB
razil
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
Primary education Lower secondaryUpper secondary education All secondary educationOECD average (Primary and secondary)
In e
qu
iva
len
t U
SD
usi
ng
PPPs
Chart B1.4
OECD average (primary and secondary)
4848M
exic
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Septe
mber
201
020
10 e
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lance
Luxe
mbourg
Sw
itze
rland
Denm
ark
Norw
ay
Belg
ium
(Fl
.)
Gre
ece
Belg
ium
(Fr
.)
United S
tate
s
Port
ugal
Spain
Germ
any
Italy
Neth
erl
ands
Aust
ralia
Aust
ria
Japan
Finla
nd
Icela
nd
United K
ingdom
Kore
a
New
Zeala
nd
France
Cze
ch R
epublic
Hungary
Pola
nd
Mexi
co
Turk
ey
Chile
-2,800
-1,800
-800
200
1,200
2,200
Contribution of teachers' salary Contribution of instruction time
Contribution of teaching time Contribution of estimated class size
Difference with OECD average
TB7.1
Contribution of various factors to salary cost per primary student (US$)
4949M
exic
o 7
Septe
mber
201
020
10 e
dit
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uca
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lance
Port
ugal
Mexic
o
Chile
Belg
ium
Japan
Luxem
bourg
Sw
itze
rland
Isra
el
Irela
nd
Spain
Neth
erl
ands
Italy
Germ
any
Hungary
Denm
ark
Unit
ed S
tate
s
Fra
nce
Slo
venia
Canada
Austr
alia
Icela
nd
Austr
ia
Norw
ay
Unit
ed K
ingdom
Bra
zil
Pola
nd
Sw
eden
Kore
a
Slo
vak R
epublic
Fin
land
Cze
ch R
epublic
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%Compensation of all staff Other current expenditure
Chart B6.1
Distribution of current expenditure by educational institutions
for primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education (2007)
5757M
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Septe
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201
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Green: Yes Yellow: No, although they might exist Red: No
Opportunities for parents to exercise voice at the school level within the public school sector
Schools have a governing board in which parents can
take part
Parent associations exist that can advise or influence decision
making
Regulations provide a formal process that
parents can use to file complaints
A designated ombudsman or
agency that receives complaints exists
Austria
Belgium Czech Republic
England
France
Greece
Iceland
Luxembourg
Netherlands
New Zealand
Portugal
Hungary
Norway
Poland
Sweden
Chile
Denmark
Germany
Ireland
Italy
Korea Slovak Republic
Spain
Finland
Switzerland
United States
Scotland
Mexico
Japan
D6
5959M
exic
o 7
Septe
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201
020
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Freedom for parents to choose a public lower secondary school
Initial assignment
based on geographical area schools
Families are given a right
to enrol in any
traditional public school
Choice of other public schools is
restricted to the district or municipality
Choice of other public
school is restricted by
region
Families must apply to enrol
in a public school other than the one
assigned
There is free choice of other public schools if places are
availableAustria
Belgium
Chile Czech Republic
Denmark
England
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
ScotlandSlovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United States
TD5.1
Yes
No
6060M
exic
o 7
Septe
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201
020
10 e
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Lifelong learning is becoming a reality……but not for all
Those who need it most get the least of it
6262M
exic
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Septe
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201
020
10 e
dit
ion o
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uca
tion a
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lance
Sw
eden
New
Zeala
nd
Sw
itze
rland
Finla
nd
Norw
ay
Unit
ed K
ingdom
Unit
ed S
tate
sG
erm
any
Neth
erl
ands
Denm
ark
Slo
vak
Republic
Canada
Est
onia
Aust
ria
OEC
D a
vera
ge
Slo
venia
Belg
ium
Aust
ralia
Cze
ch R
epublic
France
Spain
Kore
aPort
ugal
Italy
Pola
nd
Gre
ece
Hungary
- 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
100
All levels of education Tertiary educationUpper secondary education Below upper secondary education
Chart A5.2
Participation of 25-64-year-olds in formal and/or non-formal education
(2007)
6363M
exic
o 7
Septe
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201
020
10 e
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lance
Mean hours per participant and participation in non-formal education, adult population
(2007)K
ore
a
De
nm
ark
1
Be
lgiu
m2
Sp
ain
Hu
ng
ary
1
Fin
lan
d1
Po
rtu
ga
l
Au
stri
a
Gre
ece
Po
lan
d1
OE
CD
ave
rag
e
No
rwa
y
Ge
rma
ny
Sw
ed
en
3
Un
ite
d S
tate
s3
Ne
the
rla
nd
s2
Slo
va
k R
ep
ub
lic
Fra
nce
1
Cze
ch R
ep
ub
lic2
Est
on
ia
Slo
ve
nia
Ca
na
da
2
Ita
ly1
Ne
w Z
ea
lan
d1
,4
Un
ite
d K
ing
do
m1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Mean hours per participant Participation rate
Hours
Part
icip
ati
on r
ate
%
Chart A5.5
6666M
exic
o 7
Septe
mber
201
020
10 e
dit
ion o
f Ed
uca
tion a
t a G
lance
Thank you !
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