Organizational structure – causal chain

Concession/Rebuttal Review from Friday

• Let’s share some of our “My Turn/Your Turn” Partner-Practice Exercises from Friday;

Copyright © 2007 Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction. All rights reserved.


Transitional Phrases – Concession/Rebuttal

• It is true that…however…therefore…• Certainly…but…in short…• Admittedly…on the other hand…so…• Of course…nevertheless…as a result…• Obviously…on the contrary…finally…• Sure…however…in addition…


Concession/Rebuttal – your turn

• When we revise today, look at the baseline paper you wrote on School Uniforms.

• In the paragraph for the other side’s position (the 4th body paragraph) you will write a concession and rebuttal that will strengthen your argument.

• Share what you have written with someone else, discuss its effectiveness, and revise if needed.


Organizational Structure – Causal Chain

A connected series of cause/effect events


Example of a Causal Chain

This is the house that Jack built.This is the malt That lay in the house that Jack built.

This is the ratThat ate the maltThat lay in the house that Jack built.

This is the catThat killed the ratThat ate the maltThat lay in the house that Jack built…


Causal Chain – examples

• Causal chain is a chain of cause/effect events (e.g., “a” causes “b” causes “c,” etc.) This organizational strategy can be used for an entire essay or for a portion of an essay.

If you give us more time for a break, we will get more homework done, so our grades will be better,

and our parents will be proud.

If your mom forgets to buy gas, then you will run out of gas on

the way to school, and then you will be late and get detention.


Develop your Point with the Causal Chain

Mrs. Rawlins, I do not want you to put into effect the rule of no late homework. One reason is the grades. You see, it is scientifically proven that teenagers between the ages of eleven to sixteen need at least nine hours of sleep every night for their brain to function well. If every teen in this middle school had to stay up later to complete their homework in order for it not to be late, their grades would plummet accordingly. Soon, grades would degenerate and dwindle to the average of a C or lower in most middle and high schools. All of this just because of the ‘no late work’ policy.


Causal Chain – example

If the teachers of Pacific do not allow the students to turn in their homework late then the students will learn to finish their work on time, correct? This may be, but the Sink or Swim philosophy often leaves many students failing ... If a student does not see themselves as being able to finish the assignment on time, they may simply decide to not do it. This would not only cause the student’s grades to fall, but also his or her teacher would likely spend unnecessary time trying to persuade the student to do work.This would not be only one student though! Many students would fall into this downward spiral of not doing their homework. This would result in many declining grades… This in turn would result in the school’s reputation declining… So how do we solve this?


If you give a mouse a cookie,He’s going to ask for a

glass of milk.

When you give him the milk, He’ll probably ask you for a straw.

When he’s finished, he’ll ask for a napkin.

?

Try it Together


If You Give a Mouse a Cookie

Vote Yes-Yes on Feb. 14Do you value quality education? Do you believe that the children

in our community are our future? If you have answered “yes” to these questions, here’s another one that perhaps you should stop and think about before you answer. Do you plan to support the growth in the Clear Creek Amana School District by voting Yes-Yes to the upcoming school bond issues on Feb.14? If not, you may need to re-evaluate your previous answers above.

Clear Creek Amana schools are extremely overcrowded and in desperate need of additional buildings. The upcoming bond issue will not close any of the existing sites; rather, some of the bond will actually be used to upgrade the Amana and Oxford locations. Please do your own research, listen to the facts, and vote responsibly. Do not believe the rumors and other false information floating around.

Schools bring residents; residents bring money to the community. Schools bring businesses; businesses bring new jobs, services and income into the community. We all have a chance on Tuesday, Feb. 14, to be active and responsible community members. Will you do your part?

We urge all of you to vote Yes-Yes to each of the ballot questions for the upcoming school bond issue. Our future, our children and our community are depending on you.



Causal Chain – your turn

• Look at the baseline paper you wrote on late homework.

• Find a possible place to add a causal chain.

• Write a causal chain that will strengthen your argument.

• Share what you have written with someone else, discuss its effectiveness, and revise if needed.

Education

Organizational structure – causal chain