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OER in ODL:Imperatives and way ahead for
India
19th March,2016Ramesh Sharma
National Workshop on Development of Self Learning Materials (SLMs) in Open and Distance Learning (ODL)
(Learning Materials for Higher Education) March 14-20, 2016 (07 days)
Indira Gandhi National Open University Organized by STRIDE
Education as Priority…XII Five Year Plan
• Excellence• Equity• Expansion
Chal
leng
es Access
Quality
Innovation
Transforming India
Distinctive Profile of a Developed IndiaA nation where education with a good value system is not denied to any meritorious candidates because of societal or economic discrimination.
http://scroll.in/article/744333/apj-abdul-kalam-we-have-to-transform-india-in-five-areas-where-india-has-core-competence
Distance … Technology …
https://internationalstudyabroad.wordpress.com/2013/02/16/10-most-popular-distance-learning-universities-in-india/
http://www.tonybates.ca/2012/02/10/is-open-and-distance-learning-the-solution-for-developing-countries/
Technology … Era of Globalisation
New Learners
Universal Learning
Knowledge and skills… New Job roles
Challenges ..
Model of simultaneous teaching
SWAYAM… Indian Initiative on MOOCs
OER …
http://classroom-aid.com/tag/oer/
Social benefits…
Learning …
Burden? Joy!
Communication across language barriers …
Translator is currently available in English, Spanish, Italian and Mandarin.
Personalisation … Need Identification
Going mobile ..
http://moodle.itcilo.org/siyb/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=161
Diversity in learning experiences
http://www.growvc.com/blog/2012/01/the-old-cliche-knowledge-is-power/
Participation …
https://www.ids.ac.uk/team/participation
Visibility networks …
https://www.exeter.edu/summer_programs/7324_7372.aspx
Need Assessment … Care for stakeholders
https://www.tapinto.net/articles/hands-on-baking-lesson-promotes-learning-through
Quality Matters …
http://www.weareteachers.com/blogs/post/2012/05/08/5-resources-for-the-flipped-classroom
Learning
Education
Access
ScienceData
Source
Govt
23
Change in philosophy towards an “Open Movement”Open Source Software
Open Access
Open Licences
Open Science
Open Society
Open Educational Resources
Open Data
24
Affordances of the Internet
Title : File:Internet map 1024.jpg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaSource : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Internet_map_1024.jpglicense : Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported
25
• Alternative copyright Licensing
• A range of financial models
• Affordances of the Internet
• Change in philosophy
Social Technical
LegalFinancial
What has enabled OER?
Available to other faculties, students and institutions.
Other educators can now discover and reuse.
Learning activity or resource
Creates
Designated as OER on web
Adapted from Conole, G., McAndrew, P. & Dimitriadis, Y., 2010
Shares with studentsand other faculty
Traditional sharing of teaching materials
Sharing educational resources as OER
Additional considerations:• Clearing of copyright issues• Formatting for web and accessibility for
reuse• Addition of descriptive metadata• Publishing in repository, referatory
or on the webEducator
…sharing beyond the classroom
Image source: http://www.bihardays.com/
Defining an OER
OER: Definition• teaching, learning and research
materials in any medium, digital or otherwise, that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that permits no-cost access, use, adaptation and redistribution by others with no or limited restrictions. Open licensing is built within the existing framework of intellectual property rights as defined by relevant international conventions and respects the authorship of the work.
What is “Open”?
It’s about open license used to share educational material
• Reuse• Revise• Remix• Redistribute• Retain
No permission required as long as the open license is respected
5R
Defining the "Open" in Open Content• Retain - the right to make, own, and control copies of the content
(e.g., download, duplicate, store, and manage)• Reuse - the right to use the content in a wide range of ways (e.g.,
in a class, in a study group, on a website, in a video)• Revise - the right to adapt, adjust, modify, or alter the content
itself (e.g., translate the content into another language)• Remix - the right to combine the original or revised content with
other open content to create something new (e.g., incorporate the content into a mashup)
• Redistribute - the right to share copies of the original content, your revisions, or your remixes with others (e.g., give a copy of the content to a friend)
http://www.opencontent.org/definition/
Open Educational Resources
Shared
Shared freely and openly to
be…
Used
Improved
Redistributed
… used by anyone to … … adapt / repurpose/
improve under some type of license in order
to …
… redistribute and share
again.
Open Content / Open educational resources (OER) / Open Courseware are educational materials which are discoverable online and openly licensed that can be:
Technology and Platforms
OER Paris Declaration 2012: Recommendations related to Institutions
• Promote awareness and use of OER• Improve media and information literacy• Develop institutional policies for OER• Educate stakeholders on open licenses and
copyright• Promote quality assurance and peer review
of OER• Develop strategic partnerships to avoid
duplication of work as well as technologies• Encourage and support research on OER• Develop tools to facilitate access to OER
OER Paris Declaration 2012: Recommendations related to Teachers• Promote awareness and use of OER• Develop and use OER• Engage in peer review of OER • Promote quality of OER• Develop OER in local languages• Contextualize OER• Conduct research on OER• Share learning materials prepared
Qingdao Declaration 2015
OER and Open Solutions …
OER World Map
OER World Map - India
Recommendations on Open Educational Resources
Department Of Electronics & Information Technology, Government Of India
National Repository of OER
42
Alternative copyright Licensing
Strategies…
Open Educational Practice (OEP) A characteristic of Open
Educational Practice, compared with conventional forms of professional practice, is that it changes the nature of relationships…
http://littlebylittlejohn.com/do-oer-funded-initiatives-impact-professional-practice/
- Allison Littlejohn, Lou McGill, Isobel Falconer, Jay Dempster
What this change is?• Between academics and support staff (as people work in
multi-disciplinary teams, sharing areas of expertise);• Amongst academics (as teaching practice shifts from
individual practice to cross-institutional and inter-institutional collaboration);
• Between academics and students (as teachers and learners (who may not be registered with a university) interact in new ways);
• Between academics and organisations {including the university where they are employed} (as university activities open up).
http://littlebylittlejohn.com/do-oer-funded-initiatives-impact-professional-practice/
What further we can do?
Explore… find… search…
Institute for the Study of Knowledge Management in Educationhttp://www.iskme.org
Collaborate for content creation…
Thank you!