Lecture 1 - Publishing in the Digital Age

Publishing in the Age of Digital Reproduction


Fred Truyen, KU Leuven CS [email protected]

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• Overview- Introduction: The Age of Digital Reproduction- The (Re)Productive Powers of the Internet- Re-mediation: Always already New?- The Language of New Media- The New Creativity- Are we Posthuman?- The Reader's Online Toolkit


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The (Re)Productive Powers of the Internet

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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Internet_map_1024.jpg


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The (Re)Productive Powers of the InternetAvant la lettre ...• Vannevar Bush

– "As we May Think", 1945• Marshall McLuhan

– "Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man", 1964

• The medium is the message• The global village


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The (Re)Productive Powers of the Internet

• Tim Berners-Lee– "Weaving the Web: The Original

Design and Ultimate Destiny of the World Wide Web by its inventor", 1999 – with Mark Fischetti

– The "Semantic Web“

• Web 2.0 (Tim O’Reilly 2004)6


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The machine is Us/ing Us: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NLlGopyXT_g

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NLlGopyXT_g


The (Re)Productive Powers of the Internet• Hypertext & Hypermedia

– Ted Nelson• Coined the term in 1963• Literary Machines, 1981

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The (Re)Productive Powers of the Internet #tldr

• Manuel Castells: The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture – 1996, "The Rise of the Network

Society"– 1997, "The Power of Identity"– 1998, "End of Millennium"

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The (Re)Productive Powers of the Internet• Manuel Castells

– Network organization forms, new social dynamics– The Post-Industrial society and The "Fourth World"– "Control over knowledge and information decides who holds power in society"– professionals, scientists and experts mobilizing the consumers

• "By bringing down the secular distinction between production and consumption in the social system, the new technological paradigm forces theory to analyze societies in terms of social relations cutting across various institutional spheres of social action"

• The Net and the Self

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The Productive Powers of the Internet• Albert-Laslo Barabasi

– “Linked", 2002The New Science of NetworksNotion of the scale-free network

• Chris Anderson– “The Long Tail”, 2004– Free: The future of a Radical Price, 2009

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If you are not paying for it, you’re not the customer, you’re the product being sold - blue_beatle


The Productive Powers of the Internet• Peter Morville

– "Ambient Findability", 2005The convergence of information and connectivity

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• David Weinberger– "Everything is Miscellaneous: The Power of the New Digital Disorder", 2007"we have to get rid of the idea that there's a best way of organizing the world."


The Productive Powers of the Internet• Clay Shirky

– “Here Comes Everybody: The Power of Organizing Without Organization", 2008

The convergence of information and connectivity– “Cognitive Surplus: Creativity and Generosity in

a Connected Age”, 2010

Crowdsourcing13


The Productive Powers of the Internet• Handbook of Collective Intelligence

(MIT Press)– Thomas W. Malone & Michael S. Bernstein, 2015

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From ReMediation to ReMix

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• From ReMediation to ReMix– Bolter & Grusin

• "Remediation: Understanding New Media", 1999

Was is the status of "newness"? How do new media regenerate old media? How do refashioning and the need to foreground the new medium intertwine?

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• From ReMediation to ReMix– Lisa Gitelman

• "Always already New. Media, History, and the Data of Culture", 2006

Media History point of view. How does the materiality of the medium marry with the social and economic context to define its meaning?

– Mark Amerika• Remixthebook, 2011

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iXnBVn_OS90

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iXnBVn_OS90


• From ReMediation to ReMix– Ubiquitous Computing,

Complexity and Culture – Ekman – Bolter – Diaz 2016

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• Lev Manovich, The Language of New Media– From mass consumption to mass cultural

production– 5 principles of New Media:

• Numerical representation• Modularity• Automation• Variability• Transcoding

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Publishing in the Age of Digital Reproduction 20


• User-generated content• The Long Tail• Folksonomies• Social Bookmarking• Tagging• Syndication• Crowd Sourcing• Hacking

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BIG DATA


• Lisa Gitelman, “Raw Data” is an Oxymoron, 2013

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BIG DATA


• Lisa Gitelman, Paper Knowledge: Toward a Media History of Documents (Sign, Storage,…, ) 2016

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BIG DATA


• Steaming Sharing Stealing: Big Data and the Future of Entertainment

• Michael D. Smith2016 MIT Press

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BIG DATA


• The new creativity– The Prosumer

• Jim Collins, "Bring on the books for Everybody: How Literary Culture became Popular Culture", 2010

– The Pro-am– DIY practice

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• Crossmedia– Henri Jenkins,

Convergence Culture: Where Old and New Media Collide. New York: New York University Press, 2006.

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• Mashups– information

chuncks and media can be endlessly recombined on the web

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• The 4 R's of Openness– Reuse—The most basic level of openness. People are allowed to use all or part of

the work for their own purposes (e.g. download an educational video to watch at a later time).

– Redistribute—People can share the work with others (e.g. email a digital article to a colleague).

– Revise—People can adapt, modify, translate, or change the form the work (e.g. take a book written in English and turn it into a Spanish audio book).

– Remix—People can take two or more existing resources and combine them to create a new resource (e.g. take audio lectures from one course and combine them with slides from another course to create a new derivative work).

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• Creative Commons– creativecommons.org – Share, Remix, Reuse —

Legally

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http://creativecommons.org/


• The Creative economies are Cultural economies– David Hesmondhalgh

The Cultural Industries– The Learning Economy

• Bengt-Ake Lundvall: "The Globalizing Learning Economy", 2004, with Daniele Archibugi

– The Open knowledge Economy• Yochai Benkler: "The Wealth of Networks"

– The Creative Economy• Charles Landry, "The Creative City", 2000• John Howkins, "The Creative Economy, 2001• Richard Florida, "The Rise of the Creative Class", 2002

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Richard Florida: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IhCf5AkII8Q

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IhCf5AkII8Q


RICHES:http://www.riches-project.eu/riches-book.html

http://www.riches-project.eu/riches-book.html

http://www.riches-project.eu/riches-book.html

http://www.civic-epistemologies.eu/


READING DIGITAL CULTURE

2016 David Trend (Ed.)

http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0631223010.html


Education

Lecture 1 - Publishing in the Digital Age