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Learning disability
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Learning disability
Learning disability
Disorder in one or more basic
psychological process involved in
understanding or in using language
spoken or written.
Imperfect ability to listen, think,
read, write, spell or to do
mathematical calculations.
Language Difficulties
Comprehension
Decoding
Word recognition
Phonological awareness
Dyslexia
Spelling
Writing
Organizing thoughts into words (written or spoken)
Mathematics Difficulties
Computational skills
Word problems
Spatial relationships
Writing numbers
Copying shapes
Understanding mathematical concepts
causes
Perceptual handicaps, brain
injury, minimal brain
dysfunction, dyslexia and
developmental aphasia.
Learning disabled
Disorders are intrinsic to
the individual and
presumed to be due to
central nervous system
dysfunction.
Criteria for determining the existence
of a specific learning disability
Child does not achieve commensurate with his
or her age and ability levels in one or more
areas, when provided with learning experiences
appropriate for the Childs age and ability level.
The child has a severe discrepancy between
achievement & intellectual ability in one or more
areas.
Ares are the following:
Oral expression
Listening comprehension
Basic reading skill
Reading comprehension
Mathematics calculations
Mathematics reasoning
The term may not identify a
child as having a specific
learning disability:
A visual hearing or motor handicaps
Mental retardation
Emotional disturbance
Environmental, cultural or economic
disadvantage
Characteristics of Individuals
with Learning Disabilities Delayed spoken language development Poor spatial orientation Inadequate time concepts Difficulty in judging relationships Direction related confusion Poor general motor coordination Poor mutual dexterity Social imperceptions Inattention Hyperactivity Perceptual disorders Memory disorders
Causes of learning disability
organic and biological factors
genetic factors
environmental factors
How you identify learning
disabled children
Assessment - Two types
1. Informal assessment
2. Formal assessment
Educational programmes
for learning disabled
children
Behavioural interventions
Cognitive behavioural interventions
Medically based interventions
Multisensory approach
Direct instruction
