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ARCS ModelINSTRUCTIONAL
THEORY
Taryn Fleck
AR
CS
MO
DE
L
Uses surprise or uncertainty to gain interest
Stimulates curiosity by posing challenging
questions or problems to be solved
Active
Participation
HumorIncongruity
and Conflict
Inquiry
To increase a learner’s motivation
Experience Choice Present Worth
Future UsefulnessNeeds Matching Modeling
CO
NF
IDE
NC
E
Help students
understand their
likelihood for success.
If students feel they cannot meet the objectives
or that the cost (time and effort) is too high,
their motivation will decrease.
CO
NF
IDE
NC
E
Learning must be rewarding.
Make the learner feel as though the skill is useful or
beneficial.
Provide feedback and reinforcement.
Do not patronize the learner by over-rewarding easy
tasks.
INFORMATION ADOPTED FROM:
Learning Theories Knowledge Base &
Webliography: http://www.learning-
theories.com/kellers-arcs-model-of-
motivational-design.html