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Managing the Mandate:The ARCS Model
Gaining Attention
Michael Simonson, Ph.D.Program Professor
Instructional Technology and Distance EducationFischler School
www.nova.edu/~simsmich
Agenda
IntroductionInstructional Technology & The
Faculty – what is it?Some Basic Assumptions
Visual LiteracyCone of ExperienceCognitive DomainRole of the Teacher
ARCS Model and Examples
www.tresystems.com
“The theory and practice of design, development, utilization, management and evaluation of
(systematic) processes and resources for learning.”
Instructional Technology
COMPONENTSCOMPONENTS OF OF INSTRUCTIONAL INSTRUCTIONAL
TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY
• Things/Devices
• People
• Processes
“The best current evidence is that media are mere vehicles that deliver instruction but do not influence student achievement any more than the truck that delivers our groceries causes changes in our nutrition.”
Richard Clark
Visual LiteracyVisual Literacy
We learn by:
We remember from:
Hearing 11%
Seeing 83%
Hearing 20%
Seeing (& Hearing) 50-70%
People retain when exposed one time... 10% of what they read 20% of what they hear 30% of what they see 50% of what they see and hear 70% of what they say as they talk 90% of what they say as they perform a task
Learning through Media, cont'd
We communicate at the rate of ... 25 WPM by writing 125 WPM by speaking 200 WPM by hearing 250 WPM by reading 600WPM by thinking
The average person's span of attention is 1.9 minutes.
People retain when exposed one time... 10% of what they read 20% of what they hear 30% of what they see 50% of what they see and hear 70% of what they say as they talk 90% of what they say as they perform a task
Learning through Media, cont'd
We communicate at the rate of ... 25 WPM by writing 125 WPM by speaking 200 WPM by hearing 250 WPM by reading 600WPM by thinking
The average person's span of attention is 1.9 minutes.
People retain when exposed one time... 10% of what they read 20% of what they hear 30% of what they see 50% of what they see and hear 70% of what they say as they talk 90% of what they say as they perform a task
Learning through Media, cont'd
We communicate at the rate of ... 25 WPM by writing 125 WPM by speaking 200 WPM by hearing 250 WPM by reading 600WPM by thinking
The average person's span of attention is 1.9 minutes.
How we learn:
1% Through taste
2% Through touch
3% Through smell
11% Through hearing
83% Through sight
How we learn:
1% Through taste
2% Through touch
3% Through smell
11% Through hearing
83% Through sight
ATOMIC ENERGY
Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives
1. Knowledge 2. Comprehension 3. Application 4. Analysis 5. Synthesis 6. Evaluation
Edgar Dale's Cone of Experience
Verbal Symbols
Visual Symbols
Radio and Recordings
Still Pictures
Motion Pictures: Edited Mediated Reality
Educational Television: Real Time, Mediated Reality
Exhibits: Edited Reality
Study Trips, Viewing Reality
Demonstrations: Learner Becomes a Spectator
Dramatized Experiences: Involving, Qualitative
Contrived Experiences: Representation of Reality
Direct Purposeful Experiences: Multisensory, Highly Qualitative
XII
XI
X
IX
VIII
VII
VI
V
IV
III
II
I
Symbolizing
Observing
Doing Least Abstract
Most Abstract
Teacher-Chef as Skeuomorph
ARCS – John Keller
Attention
Relevance
Confidence
Satisfaction
Chunking of Information
Pre-Chunking Post- Chunking
Attention Strategies
Incongruity/Conflict
Concreteness
Variability
Humor
Inquiry
Participation
Trigger Films
Teaching professionalism with the aid of trigger films.
Ber R, Alroy G.
Department of Medical Education, B Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. [email protected]
Accessing the living laboratory: trigger films as an aid to developing, enabling, and assessing anesthesia clinical instructors.
Hartland W, Biddle C, Fallacaro M.
Department of Nurse Anesthesia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va., USA
Examples
• Advanced Applications Introduction
• Leadership – Patton
• Professional Growth – Miracle
• Eisenhower
• Shufflin’ Chef
Assignment
• Identify one strategy you use to establish attention, explain this strategy and email your strategy and explanation to Mike Simonson at: