Upload
rizwan81
View
3.735
Download
19
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Basic concepts of DRR. Courtesy ADPC UNISDR.
Citation preview
Basic Concepts and Basic Concepts and Terminologies Terminologies
in Disaster Managementin Disaster Management
Adopted from 8th EVRC Course Held in Feb 2009 in Bangkok
Basic Definitions & Terms
Learning Learning ObjectivesObjectives
At the end of this session, you should be able to:
Define disaster,hazard, risk, elements at risk, vulnerability, capacity, response, relief, rehabilitation, reconstruction, development, mitigation, preparedness and prevention
HAZARD HAZARD Phenomenon or situation, which hasthe potential to cause disruption ordamage to people, their property, their
services and their environmentThere is a
potential foroccurrenceof an event
DISASTERDISASTER
The serious disruption of the functioning of society, causing widespread human, material or environmental losses, which exceed the ability of the affected people to cope using their own resources.
An event, either man-made or natural, sudden or progressive, causing widespread human, material or environmental losses
VulnerabilityVulnerability
Is a condition or sets of conditions that reduces people’s ability to prepare for, withstand or respond to a hazard
CapacityCapacityThose positive condition or abilities which increase a community’s ability to deal with hazards.
The probability that a community’s structure or geographic area is to be damaged or disrupted by the impact of a particular hazard, on account of their nature, construction, and proximity to a hazardous area.
RiskRisk
Hazard Vulnerability x Disaster Risk
Capacity
=
Hazard Vulnerability x Disaster Risk
Capacity =
Elements at RiskElements at Risk
Exposed Elements
Persons, buildings, crops or other such like societal components exposed to known hazard, which are likely to be adversely affected by the impact of the hazard.
THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE
DISASTER
RESPONSE/RELIEF
REHABILITATION
RECONSTRUCTION
DEVELOPMENT
PREVENTION
MITIGATION
PREPAREDNESS
ResponseResponseActions taken immediately following the impact of a disaster when exceptional measures are required to meet the basic needs of the survivors.
ReliefReliefMeasures that are required in search and rescue of survivors, as well to meet the basic needs for shelter, water, food and health care.
What is difference between
1. Recovery
2. Rehabilitation
3. Reconstruction
Preparedness
Mitigation
Reconstruction
Rehabilitation
Relief
Disaster impact
Recovery phase 19
RecoveryRecovery
The process undertaken by a disaster affected community to fully restore itself to pre-disaster level of functioning.
21
22
RehabilitationRehabilitationActions taken in
the aftermath of a disaster to:
• assist victims to repair their dwellings;
• re-establish essential services;
• revive key economic and social activities
ReconstructionReconstructionPermanent measures to repair or replace damaged dwellings and infrastructure and to set the economy back on course.
DevelopmentDevelopment
Sustained efforts intended to improve or maintain the social and economic well-being of a community
PreventionPrevention
Measures taken to avert a disaster from occurring, if possible (to impede a hazard so that it does not have any harmful effects).
MitigationMitigationMeasures taken prior to the impact of a disaster to minimize its effects (sometimes referred to as structural and non-structural measures).
PreparednessPreparedness
Measures taken in anticipation of a disaster to ensure that appropriate and effective actions are taken in the aftermath.
Measures taken Measures taken prior to the prior to the impact of a impact of a disaster to disaster to minimize its minimize its effects effects (sometimes (sometimes referred to as referred to as structural and structural and non-structural non-structural measures).measures).
MitigationMitigation
Measures Measures
taken to avert taken to avert
a disaster from a disaster from
occurring, if occurring, if
possible (to possible (to
impede a impede a
hazard so that hazard so that
it does not it does not
have any have any
harmful harmful
effects).effects).
PreventionPrevention
PreparednessPreparedness
Measures taken in Measures taken in anticipation of a anticipation of a disaster to ensure disaster to ensure that appropriate that appropriate and effective and effective actions are taken actions are taken in the aftermath.in the aftermath.
Measures taken Measures taken prior to the prior to the impact of a impact of a disaster to disaster to minimize its minimize its effects effects (sometimes (sometimes referred to as referred to as structural and structural and non-structural non-structural measures).measures).
MitigationMitigation
Preparedness
Mitigation
Mitigation
Preparedness
Sand dune fixation with bushes and trees along the coast line as barrier against surges and strong
winds
Where feasible, Mangove forest along the sea shore
…..for Life to continue……._____________________________________________________
SRI - system of rice intensification-reducing water demand and making
crops more resistant to extreme weather events
Seed stores - Access to disaster- resistant seed and plants
Cyclone shelters in coastal areas or flood shelters along major rivers
Mock drill on emergency/first aid
Early warning: international, national and on a community level
Seed and food stocks/storage systems
DRR Committees and communal actions
DRRClimate Change
Adaptation
Climate Change Adaptation and DRR…CC-adaptation…
•Does risk assessment in the first place•Looks at slow- and sudden-onset disasters•Has a long-term vision•Takes the perpetrators of CC into account•Addresses GHG reduction (mitigation)
What is the difference What is the difference between DM and DRMbetween DM and DRM
Disaster Management
A collective term encompassing all aspects of planning for preparing and responding to disasters. It refers to the management of the consequences of disasters.
Disaster Risk ManagementA broad range of
activities designed to:
Prevent the loss of lives Minimize human
suffering Inform the public and
authorities of risk Minimize property
damage and economic loss
Speed up the recovery process
Disaster risk management - Stress on proactive disaster management responses of prevention, mitigation and preparedness
Prevent, reduce, transfer or live with disaster risk
Public safety, disaster resilience, sustainable development for all
THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE
DISASTER
RESPONSE
REHABILITATION
RECONSTRUCTION
DEVELOPMENT
PREVENTION
MITIGATION
PREPAREDNESS
Disaster
Preparedness
Prevention/Mitigation
Reconstruction
Emergency Response
Early Warning
Rehabilitation
Dis
aste
r R
isk
Man
agem
ent
Risk Assessment
Awareness and Capacity Building
ConclusionConclusion• Clear cut distinction between different terminologies• Difference between Preparedness, Mitigation, and
Prevention, • Difference between Recovery, Rehabilitation and
Reconstruction• Difference between DM and DRM • Sharpen our knowledge about different terminologies
QUESTION &QUESTION &DISCUSSIONDISCUSSION