What You Need To Know

PhilipAdu,Ph.D.

Methodology Expert

National Center forAcademic & Dissertation Excellence (NCADE)

The Chicago School of Professional Psychology

padu@thechicagoschool.edu

@drphilipadu

Themes

Categories

Codes

Relevant Data

Raw Data

1. What is Qualitative Analysis?

2. Qualitative Analysis Strategies

3. Utilizing CodingTools for QualitativeAnalysis

4. Conducting Manual Coding

5. Conducting Software-aided Coding

OUTLINE

What is Qualitative Analysis?

Adu, P. (2017, March 01). What is a Qualitative Analysis? Retrieved August 23, 2017, from https://www.slideshare.net/kontorphilip/what-is-qualitative-analysis

Qualitative Analysis Strategies

Two Main Strategies

Research Method-Based

Strategy

Generic Strategy

Qualitative Analysis StrategiesResearch Method-Based Strategy

Research Method Data Analysis Strategy Source

Phenomenological Approach

HermeneuticPhenomenological Analysis

Interpretative PhenomenologicalAnalysis

TranscendentalPhenomenological Analysis

Kafle (2013) Smith, Flowers,

& Larkin (2013)

Moustakas (1994)

Narrative Approach Narrative Analysis Narrative coding: Coding

characteristics and structure of participants’ stories to retellthem

Saldaña (2016)

GroundedTheoryApproach

Grounded Theory Analysis Open coding Focused coding Axial coding Selective coding

Saldaña (2016) Charmaz (2014)

Qualitative Analysis StrategiesGeneric Strategy

Source:Adu,P.(2016,May 13).

Conceptualizing QualitativeAnalysis

Process. RetrievedAugust 03,2017,

from

https://www.slideshare.net/kontorphili

p/conceptualizing-qualitative-analysis-

process

Qualitative Analysis StrategiesGeneric Strategy

Main Focus Data Analysis Process Generic Strategy Proposed by or adopted from

Searching for relevant information

1. Identify relevant information from the data2. Assign a word or phrase (a concept) to the information

selected3. Document why the code created is important

Bazeley & Jackson (2013)

Using appropriatecoding method(s)

1. Review the characteristics of the research question(s)2. Identify appropriate coding methods3. Assign codes to relevant information (using

the coding methods)

Saldaña (2016)

Using ‘focus prompt’ 1. Review the characteristics of the research question2. Transform the research question into ‘focus prompt’

‘Focus prompt’ is a phase that guides the generation of codes to represent the relevant information in the data

3. Create codes to represent the information in the data

Kane &Trochim (2007)

Example

Utilizing Coding Tools for Qualitative Analysis

Manual Coding Software-aided Coding

Tools Paper, pencil, pen, note cards, hard copy of the transcripts or documents and artifact to be coded

Word document (using ‘Review’ function), excel spreadsheet

Computer-Aided Qualitative Data AnalysisSoftware (CAQDAS) such as Nvivo,Atlas ti, andTransana

Usability Easy to use especially when data is not a lot Need to familiarize yourself with the functionsof the software before starting analyzing data Recommendation: Watching YouTubeinstructional videos and practicing

Source:Adu,P.(2013,November 22).Qualitative analysis coding and categorizing.RetrievedAugust 03,2017,from

https://www.slideshare.net/kontorphilip/qualitative-analysis-coding-and-categorizing

Utilizing Coding Tools for Qualitative Analysis

Source:Adu,P.(2013,November 22).Qualitative analysis coding and categorizing.RetrievedAugust 03,2017,from

https://www.slideshare.net/kontorphilip/qualitative-analysis-coding-and-categorizing

Manual Coding Software-aided Coding

When to use Small data Recommendation: At the initial stage of data analysis –whenfamiliarizing yourself with the data

Large dataincluding videos, and audios that have not beentranscribed

Organization Time consuming Easy to organize codes, run code frequencies, explorethe relationship between codes, and do ‘memoing’

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

UsingWord Document:7 Steps

• Assign labels to your research questions

• Using specific coding method(s),code relevant statements and put them under their respective anchor codes

• Compile a list of initial codes

• Arrange them alphabetically and group codes into their respective anchor codes

• Group codes and tally frequency

• Generate categories/themes to address the research questions

• Visualize codes,categories and themes generated

Video:Adu,P.(2017,April 20).QualitativeAnalysis Using MicrosoftWord (Part 1) by PhilipAdu,PhD.RetrievedAugust 03,2017,from

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DSpts_DszEY

PowerPoint:Adu,P.(2017,April 19).Conducting Manual QualitativeAnalysis UsingWord Document.RetrievedAugust 03,2017,from

https://www.slideshare.net/kontorphilip/conducting-manual-qualitative-analysis-using-word-document

Conducting Manual Coding

Import filesAnalyze data

(creating nodes and droppingrelevant information into their

respective codes)

Organize cases and

characteristics

Visualizefindings

Exportfindings

Video:Adu,P.(2015,December 03).Conducting QualitativeAnalysis Using NVivo 11 (Part1) by PhilipAdu,Ph.D.RetrievedAugust 03,2017,

from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JPpETphj5F4

PowerPoint:Adu,P.(2015,December 02).Conducting QualitativeAnalysis Using NVivo:A Quick Reference.RetrievedAugust 03,2017,

from https://www.slideshare.net/kontorphilip/conducting-qualitative-analysis-using-nvivo-a-quick-reference

Conducting Software-aided Coding

PhilipAdu,Ph.D.

Methodology Expert

National Center forAcademic & Dissertation Excellence (NCADE)

The Chicago School of Professional Psychology

Ncade.me@thechicagoschool.edu

You could reach me at padu@thechicagoschool.edu and @drphilipadu on twitter.

To cite this document,copy the following:

Adu, P. (2017, August 03). Conducting QualitativeAnalysis: WhatYou Need To Know. Retrieved August 03,2017, from

https://www.slideshare.net/kontorphilip/conducting-qualitative-analysis-what-you-need-to-know

REFERENCES

• Bazeley,P.,& Jackson,K.(2013).Qualitative DataAnalysis with NVIVO.London:SAGE Publications Ltd.

• Charmaz,K.(2014).Constructing GroundedTheory.London:SAGE Publications.

• Kafle,N.P.(2013).Hermeneutic phenomenological research method simplified.Bodhi:An Interdisciplinary

Journal, 5(1). doi:10.3126/bodhi.v5i1.8053

• Kane,M.,&Trochim,W.M.K.(2007).Concept mapping for planning and evaluation.In L.Bickman and D.J.Rog

(Eds.),

Applied Social Research Methods Series:Vol.50.Thousand Oaks,CA:Sage Publications.

• Moustakas,C.(1994).Phenomenological research methods.Thousand Oaks,CA:Sage.

• Saldaña,J.(2016).The coding manual for qualitative researchers.LosAngeles:SAGE.

• Smith,J.A.,Flowers,P.,& Larkin,M.(2013). Interpretative phenomenological analysis: theory,method and research.

London: Sage.